scholarly journals Morphometry, floral resources and efficiency of natural and artificial pollination in fruit quality in cultivars of sour passion fruit

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Alves Lage ◽  
Willian Krause ◽  
Celice Alexandre Silva ◽  
Daianny Correia Dias ◽  
Moisés Ambrósio ◽  
...  

Abstract This study aimed to provide information on the biology and floral resources, stigmatic receptivity and viability of pollen grains during rainy season and dry season, and to evaluate the efficiency of natural and artificial pollination on quality of fruits of eight passion fruit cultivars sourced in Tangará da Serra - MT. Five commercial cultivars and three populations of the genetic improvement program of the sour passion fruit from the Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso were evaluated. The climatic conditions of the rainy season favored the greater development of the floral pieces. The sugar concentration in the nectar presented higher averages in the rainy season, in all cultivars, except for FB 200. The climatic conditions of the dry season favored the replacement of the nectar volume. All cultivars evaluated presented pollen viability and stigmatic receptivity higher than 79% and 90%, respectively. The characteristics of fruit mass and percentage of pulp were better in artificial pollination, and the fruits obtained from natural and artificial pollination in all cultivars evaluated presented physical and chemical characteristics that are within the quality standards desired in the commercialization.

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-561
Author(s):  
Simone Santos Oliveira Cobra ◽  
Celice Alexandre Silva ◽  
Willian Krause ◽  
Laís Lage

The reproductive strategies and resources available in the flower are characteristics that stimulate research studies on the genetic improvement and fruit yield of commercial cultivars. In this sense, this study aimed to study the floral biology aspects of passion fruit cultivars in Tangará da Serra region, Mato Grosso State, Brazil at different evaluation times. The experiment was carried out with eight cultivars of yellow passion fruit from an ex situ germplasm bank of the State University of Mato Grosso. The floral resources (pollen and nectar) were evaluated in a completely randomized, factorial arrangement (8 cultivars x 5 evaluation times), with five replications. Throughout anthesis, the pollen viability, stigma receptivity, and sugar volume and concentration in the nectar were evaluated. The evaluations were carried out in 1-h intervals, between 1:30 and 5:30 p.m. The highest nectar volume production was at 2:30 p.m., decreasing gradually thereafter at the later evaluation times, for all cultivars. Pollen viability increased from the first to the second evaluation time and then decreased gradually until the last evaluation. Stigma receptivity was higher than 90% in all cultivars, at all evaluation times. BRS Rubi do Cerrado and FB 200 were the most promising cultivars for nectar volume and concentration, pollen viability, and stigma receptivity characteristics.


2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto ◽  
Edilene Santos Almeida ◽  
Daniel Guerreiro Diniz ◽  
Jorge Costa Eiras ◽  
Mauricio Laterça Martins

The objective of this work was to report the first seasonal occurrence of the acanthocephalan Quadrigyrus nickoliSchmidt & Hugghins, 1973(Quadrigyridae), in the “Mato Grosso”Hyphessobrycon eques (Characidae) (Steindachner, 1882), collected from the Chumucuí River, state of Pará, Brazil. The fish were collected between July 2006 (rainy season) and June 2007 (dry season) and were examined for parasites using pattern techniques. A total of 75 parasites were found in the stomach and intestine. Among 83 fish examined (50 in the dry season and 33 in the rainy season), 22 were parasitized by cystacanths of Q. nickoli. The importance of H. eques as a paratenic host for Q. nickoli is discussed. This is the first study on the biology of and infection by Q. nickoli occurring in the eastern Amazon region.


Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽  
Clodoaldo Júnior Oliveira Santos ◽  
José Simplício de Holanda ◽  
Antonio João de Lima Neto ◽  
Antônio Gustavo de Luna Souto ◽  
...  

PRODUÇÃO DE MARACUJAZEIRO AMARELO NO SOLO COM CALCÁRIO E POTÁSSIO SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA     LOURIVAL FERREIRA CAVALCANTE1; CLODOALDO JÚNIOR OLIVEIRA SANTOS1; JOSÉ SIMPLÍCIO DE HOLANDA2; ANTONIO JOÃO DE LIMA NETO3; ANTÔNIO GUSTAVO DE LUNA SOUTO4 E TONY ANDRESON GUEDES DANTAS5     1 Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Rural, Rodovia BR 079 - Km 12, 58.397-000, Areia, PB, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]  2 Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Eliza Branco Pereira dos Santos, s/nº, Parque das Nações, 59.158-160, Parnamirim, RN, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Campus do Pici, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, Bloco 805, 60.356-001, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais, Rodovia BR 079 - Km 12, 58.397-000, Areia, PB, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 5 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Rodovia CE-187, s/n, Aeroporto, 62.320-000, Tianguá, CE, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   O experimento foi conduzido no município de Coronel Ezequiel, Rio Grande do Norte, para avaliar os efeitos do calcário calcítico e doses de K2O, na forma de cloreto de potássio, nos componentes de produção do maracujazeiro amarelo e no aumento da salinidade do solo provocado pela irrigação com água salina de 3,6 dS m-1 durante o período da aridez e na lixiviação dos sais do ambiente radicular das plantas promovida pelas águas do período chuvoso. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento em blocos casualizados usando arranjo fatorial 3 × 2, referente as doses de calcário de 1,4; 2,5 e 3,6 t ha-1, 80 e 160 kg ha-1 de K2O na forma de cloreto de potássio. Pelos resultados, a irrigação com água salina (3,6 dS m-1), em comparação com dados da literatura de plantas irrigadas com água de boa qualidade, não comprometeu a capacidade produtiva do maracujazeiro amarelo. Dentre os tratamentos, a combinação de 80 kg ha-1 de K2O com 3,6 t ha-1 de calcário calcítico proporcionou os maiores valores de massa média dos frutos, produção por planta e produtividade da cultura. Apesar da alta salinidade da água de irrigação elevar o caráter salino do solo no ambiente radicular das plantas durante o período da estiagem, as águas do período chuvoso e as condições físicas do solo proporcionam a lixiviação dos sais e possibilitam o uso de água com restrições salinas na agricultura.   Palavras-chave: Passiflora edulis, calagem, lixiviação de sais     CAVALCANTE, L. F.; SANTOS, C. J. O.; HOLANDA, J. S.; LIMA NETO, A. J.; SOUTO, A. G. L.; DANTAS, T. A. G. YELLOW PASSION FRUIT PLANTS PRODUCTION ON SOIL WITH LIME AND POTASSIUM UNDER IRRIGATION WITH SALINE WATER       2 ABSTRACT   The experiment was carried out in Coronel Ezequiel county, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in order to evaluate the effects of limestone and chloride potassium in production components of yellow passion fruit plants and soil salinity, caused by irrigation with saline water of 3.6 dS m-1 during the dry season, and salt leaching of the soil promoted by waters of the rainy season. Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks using factorial design of 3 × 2, referring to three levels of limestone,  1.4, 2.5 and 3.6 t ha-1 and two potassium levels,  80 and 160 kg ha-1 in potassium chloride form. According to present results, irrigation with saline water (3.6 dS m-1), in comparison with data from the literature about plants irrigated with non-saline water, did no compromise the productive capacity of yellow passion fruit. Among the treatments, the combination of 80 kg ha-1 of K2O with 3.6 t ha-1 of limestone provided the fruits production with more mean mass, yield per plant and crop yield. Although the high salinity of the irrigation water increases the soil saline character on root environment of the plants during the dry season, the rainy season waters and the soil physical conditions provide the salt leaching and allow the use of water with saline restrictions in agriculture.   Keywords: Passiflora edulis, liming, salt lixiviation


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Rafael Fachi ◽  
Willian Krause ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves ◽  
Petterson Baptista da Luz ◽  
Celice Alexandre Silva ◽  
...  

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. F. Neves ◽  
O. Rocha ◽  
K. F. Roche ◽  
A.A. Pinto

In the present study, two small lakes on the margins of the River Cuiabá were analyzed regarding taxonomic composition and population densities of the zooplankton. Diversity was evaluated for two groups, Rotifera and Cladocera; sampling was carried out on two dates: 2 March 1999, in the rainy season, and 25 August 1999, in the dry season. Seventy-nine rotifer taxa, 30 cladoceran taxa, and 6 copepod taxa were found. Comparing the species identified in the present study with those recorded by other authors for several water bodies in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul states, it was found that 9 species of Cladocera, 2 of Copepoda, and 14 of Rotifera are new records for the region. The most abundant rotifer species were Keratella cochlearis, Brachionus angularis, Polyarthra vulgaris, and Keratella americana. Moina minuta and Bosminopsis deitersi were dominant among the cladocerans, and Notodiaptomus transitans and N. devoyorum among the copepods. Comparing both lakes, the greatest species richness of both Rotifera and Cladocera was observed in Lake Souza Lima, during the rainy season. This is probably linked to the fact that the littoral region of this lake is densely colonized by macrophytes. The lake also has better environmental conditions since it does not receive domestic sewage inputs, as does Lake Parque Atalaia. The diversity of the Rotifera was markedly low in Lake Parque Atalaia, during the dry season, again perhaps linked domestic sewage input found in this water body.


2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro Carlos Selva ◽  
Eduardo Guimarães Couto ◽  
Mark S. Johnson ◽  
Johannes Lehmann

Resolving the carbon (C) balance in the Amazonian forest depends on an improved quantification of production and losses of particulate C from forested landscapes via stream export. The main goal of this work was to quantify litterfall, the lateral movement of litter, and the export of coarse organic particulate matter (>2 mm) in four small watersheds (1–2 ha) under native forest in southern Amazonia near Juruena, Mato Grosso, Brazil (10°25′S, 58°46′W). Mean litterfall production was 11.8 Mg ha−1 y−1 (5.7 Mg C ha−1 y−1). Litterfall showed strong seasonality, with the highest deposition in the driest months of the year. About two times more C per month was deposited on the forest floor during the 6-mo dry season (0.65 Mg C ha−1 mo−1) compared with the rainy season (0.3 Mg C ha−1 mo−1). The measured C concentration of the litterfall samples was significantly greater in the dry season than in the rainy season (49% vs. 46%). The lateral movement of litter increased from the plateau (upper landscape position) towards the riparian zone. However, the trend in C concentration of laterally transported litter samples was the opposite, being highest on the plateau (44%) and lowest in the riparian zone (42%). Stream-water exports of particulate C were positively correlated with streamflow, increasing in the rainiest months. The export of particulate C in streamflow was found to be very small (less than 1%) in relation to the amount of litterfall produced.


2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum ◽  
Endang Dwi Purbajanti ◽  
Agus Setiadi

Patchouli essential oil is an dominant product from Batang but its production has not been able to meet export needs. The main problem in the production of essential oil of patchouli is limited amount of seeds and dry season effect on the growth of patchouli. On the other hand, society units of patchouli essential oil is very dependent on the availability of raw materials  of patchouli. Searching of patchouli local varieties must  develop in order to  encourages of sustainibility of patchouli production. The purpose of this activity is search and propagate patchouli plant from local varieties that can survive in different seasons of the year according to the climatic conditions of Batang. The study was conducted with the search and propagation of patchouli plant varieties used by farmers in Batang which is Sidikalang varieties and local varieties originating from Batang region and the surrounding area. Furthermore, the vegetative propagation using cuttings will be use followed by its growth observation during dry and rainy season. Results showed that the activities of patchouli plant local varieties of Bandungan, Kendal and Batang showed the best growth in the dry season. Key words: patchouli, vegetatif growth, essential oil.


2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr F. Borowski

Abstract The aim of the research was to investigate the relationship between environmental pollution in Guinea Conakry and the levels of development as well as the assessment of climatic conditions as they influence pollution levels. In order to explore economic, social and cultural situations in Guinea, in-depth interviews were conducted and also face-to-face interviews were recorded. There were observations made in two extreme climatic conditions (dry season and rainy season) that have allowed inference to the impact of climatic conditions on pollution levels.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Camila C. Braun-Cruz ◽  
Hans Mario Tritico ◽  
Renato Leandro Beregula ◽  
Pierre Girard ◽  
Peter Zeilhofer ◽  
...  

This work aims to evaluate the hydrologic changes caused by a small hydropower plant on the watercourse in which it is installed. Since hydrologic research with data of temporal frequencies less than a day is less common than daily measurements, there are few indicators and methodologies capable of treating such records. For this reason, 17 indicators are proposed which describe the magnitude, duration, frequency and rate of changes in hydrologic conditions occurring in a watercourse at a sub-daily frequency. These 17 indicators were used to assess changes in the flow regimes at sub-daily scales across the Itiquira hydroelectric facility in Mato Grosso, Brazil. During the dry season the river was more susceptible to hydroelectric operations than during the wet season. Eighty-eight percent of the proposed indicators were significantly altered during the dry season compared to 71% during the rainy season. In addition to the number of indicators that changed between the seasons, the magnitude of the change was different. During the dry season, 53% of the magnitudes of the proposed indicators were classified as having a high magnitude of change, while in the rainy season only 6% of the indicators were characterized as having a high magnitude of change.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia de Souza Mendes ◽  
Daniel Baron ◽  
Gerhard Gerold ◽  
Veraldo Liesenberg ◽  
Stefan Erasmi

Mapping vegetation types through remote sensing images has proved to be effective, especially in large biomes, such as the Brazilian Cerrado, which plays an important role in the context of management and conservation at the agricultural frontier of the Amazon. We tested several combinations of optical and radar images to identify the four dominant vegetation types that are prevalent in the Cerrado area (i.e., cerrado denso, cerradão, gallery forest, and secondary forest). We extracted features from both sources of data such as intensity, grey level co-occurrence matrix, coherence, and polarimetric decompositions using Sentinel 2A, Sentinel 1A, ALOS-PALSAR 2 dual/full polarimetric, and TanDEM-X images during the dry and rainy season of 2017. In order to normalize the analysis of these features, we used principal component analysis and subsequently applied the Random Forest algorithm to evaluate the classification of vegetation types. During the dry season, the overall accuracy ranged from 48 to 83%, and during the dry and rainy seasons it ranged from 41 up to 82%. The classification using Sentinel 2A images during the dry season resulted in the highest overall accuracy and kappa values, followed by the classification that used images from all sensors during the dry and rainy season. Optical images during the dry season were sufficient to map the different types of vegetation in our study area.


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