scholarly journals Matrix management interfers in yield and quality of cocoa seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Alves Pereira ◽  
Gedeon Almeida Gomes Júnior ◽  
Eliandro Malta Rodrigues ◽  
George Andrade Sodré ◽  
Célio Kersul do Sacramento
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Abstract The influence of two managements on yield and quality of plagiotropic mini-cuttings of four cacao clones was evaluated. The design was completely randomized in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme with 4 clones x 2 mother plant management (apical pruning and bending), with 10 replicates and one plant as experimental unit. Seedlings used were propagated by rooting of semi-woody cuttings of plagiotropic branches and at seven months of age, two seedlings of each clone were transplanted to 12 L pots filled with organomineral substrate. After transplantation, the apex of one of the plants was cut based on the count of the first six leaves from the apex. For bending, stems were folded and horizontally fixed. The first collection of mini-cuttings was performed 30 days after transplantation and the others during the following seven months. The yield of mini-cuttings was estimated during collections and part was used for rooting and quality evaluation of seedlings. After 90 days, 10 mini-cuttings of each clone were evaluated for quality using the Dickson quality index (DQI). Another 10 rooted mini-cuttings were transplanted to 1.5 L polyethylene bags and kept in greenhouse for another 120 days until final quality evaluation at 210 days. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5% probability. Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. bending was more efficient in the average production of mini-cuttings especially for BN 34 clone. The Dickson quality index was correlated with root dry mass, at both 90 and 210 days, and the bending technique was responsible for the best DQI. Variable height was not adequate to estimate the quality of cocoa seedlings.

scholarly journals Growth and Quality of Genotype PS-1319 Cacao Seedlings Produced Under Different Irrigation Depths

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Stefany Sampaio Silveira ◽  
Robson Prucoli Posse ◽  
Sophia Machado Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Francielly Valani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Due to the lack of information on the water demand of cocoa seedlings, empirical techniques have been used in the supply of water to the seedlings, potentializing losses in their growth and development. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the optimal irrigation depth for a good development of the genotype PS-1319 cocoa seedlings. The study took place at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo-Campus Itapina, located in the Colatina, a city situated in the northwestern region of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in an experimental greenhouse of the campus, between October 20 and December 15, 2017. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) using 20 seedlings of the genotype PS-1319 cacao per treatment. The treatments consisted of daily applications of six irrigation depths, corresponding to 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 mm d-1, being evaluated their effects on the morphological parameters (leaf area; dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root system and total dry mass; height of the aerial part and stem diameter) and the quality (Dickson quality index). The applied depths interfered, both in the development and the quality of the seedlings, with quadratic adjustments for the leaf area, dry mass of the aerial part and total dry mass, diameter and for the Dickson quality index. The best responses to the studied parameters were provided by the 8.33 mm d-1 depth, which is recommended as an ideal for production of genotype PS-1319 cacao seedlings.

scholarly journals Growth and quality of Brazilian pine tree seedlings as affected by container type and volume

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-286
Author(s):  
Leandro Marcolino Vieira ◽  
Erik Nunes Gomes ◽  
Theodore Aaron Brown ◽  
Valdeci Constantino ◽  
Flavio Zanette
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Abstract Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze (Araucariaceae), commonly known as araucaria and Brazilian pine tree, can be grown for their edible pine nuts (pinhões), medicinal properties, and ornamental purposes. The aim was to assess the shoot and root growth and the overall quality of A. angustifolia seedlings grown in containers with different sizes, shapes and composition. Seeds were sowed in five containers: I – 126cm3 polypropylene cone-tainers (small cone-tainers); II – 290cm3 cone-tainers (large cone-tainers); III – 879cm3 polyethylene black bags; IV- 275 cm3 nonwoven fabric (TNT) containers (small TNT container) and; 493 cm3 nonwoven fabric (TNT) containers (large TNT container). Seedlings were evaluated 210 days after sowing, regarding the following variables: aboveground height (cm), root collar diameter (mm), shoot dry mass (g), roots dry mass (g), total dry mass (g), leaf area (cm2), roots area (cm2), roots volume (cm3), sturdiness quotient, root-shoot ratio and Dickson quality index. Height was superior for seedlings grown in the plastic bags (27.6 cm) and the large TNT containers (27.02 cm) when compared to the small and large cone-tainers (21.75 and 21.78 cm, respectively). Plastic bags also presented greater values of root-collar diameter, shoots, roots and total biomass and Dickson Quality index. Small and large TNT containers promoted lower root area and volume when compared to large polyethylene cone-tainers, but allowed for the same or better aboveground growth. Taking all results analyzed together, the polyethylene black bag promoted better growth and quality of Brazilian pine tree seedlings in comparison to the other containers.

scholarly journals Growth and quality of SJ-02 cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) under different irrigation depths and cultivation containers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1695-1700
Author(s):  
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Stefany Sampaio Silveira ◽  
Robson Prucoli Posse ◽  
Laís Gertrudes Fontana Silva ◽  
Valeria Pancieri Sallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings

The study aimed to evaluate the growth and quality of SJ-02 cocoa seedlings under different irrigation depths and cultivation container sizes. The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme (4x3), where the first factor consisted of the application of four different irrigation depths (6, 10, 12 and 14 mm d-1) and the second one was composed of three different cultivation containers (small, medium and large). Twelve treatments were evaluated with eight repetitions, totaling 96 plants in the experimental field. At 74 days after sowing, the leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root system, total dry mass and Dickson's quality index of all seedlings were analyzed. The 10.32 mm d-1 irrigation depth and the medium and large cultivation containers provided the highest quality in seedling production, being the most suitable ones. However, there was no interaction between the factors

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WATER MANAGEMENT AND COMPOSTED SEWAGE SLUDGE SUBSTRATES ON THE GROWTH AND QUALITY OF CLONAL EUCALYPTUS SEEDLINGS

FLORESTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Moreno Gabira ◽  
Richardson Barbosa Gomes Da Silva ◽  
Caroline De Moura D’Andréa Mateus ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Boas ◽  
Magali Ribeiro Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Composted Sewage Sludge ◽  
Eucalyptus Bark ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrates made of composted sewage sludge and irrigation depths on the growth and quality of E. grandis x E. urophylla cuttings to optimize water management for each substrate. The substrates were obtained from sewage sludge composted with sugarcane bagasse or Eucalyptus bark, namely: composted sewage sludge with sugarcane bagasse (1:3 v:v); sewage sludge composted with Eucalyptus bark (1:3 v:v) and a mixture of both substrates in a volumetric proportion 2:1 (v:v). Commercial substrate composed of Sphagnum peat, vermiculite and rice husk (3:1:1 v:v: v) was used as a control. The irrigation depths tested were 11, 14 and 17 mm, applied in two daily applications. The substrates were physically and chemically characterized and height, stem diameter, shoot, root and total dry mass, Dickson quality index and root system conformation were measured to determine the growth and quality of seedlings. The substrates obtained through the composting of sewage sludge with sugarcane bagasse or Eucalyptus bark are fit for producing Eucalyptus cuttings, however, the water specificity of each substrate must be considered. Although an 11mm irrigation depth is indicted for the mixture of both substrates (2:1 v:v), a 17mm irrigation depth is needed for the sewage sludge composted with sugarcane bagasse (1:3 v:v) substrate.

scholarly journals SUBSTRATE VOLUMES AND APPLICATION OF PACLOBUTRAZOL FOR ORNAMENTAL PEPPER PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Naine Parladore ◽  
Abimael Gomes da Silva ◽  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Flávio Ferreira da Silva Binotti ◽  
Laura Araújo Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
State University ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

The objective was to evaluate the quality of ornamental pepper seedlings, cultivar Pyramid, in different substrate volumes, with foliar application of paclobutrazol (PBZ).The experiment was carried out at the Mato Grosso do Sul State University - UEMS, in Cassilândia - MS. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (growth container x foliar application of PBZ) with four replicates of 36 seedlings each. Plastic trays (cells with a volume of 50 mL) and polystyrene trays (Isopor®, 100 mL cells) were used as containers. The treatments were: polystyrene tray with PBZ application; polystyrene tray without PBZ application; plastic tray with PBZ application and plastic tray without the application of PBZ. Plant height, root length, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass, height/stem diameter ratio (H/D), shoot/root ratio (S/R) and Dickson quality index were evaluated. Foliar application of paclobutrazol resulted in robust pepper seedlings with reduced size, suitable and desirable characteristics for ornamental purposes. The polystyrene trays with higher volume cells (100 mL) contributed to the higher quality of ornamental pepper seedlings.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of strawberry cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo C Antunes ◽  
Nara Cristina Ristow ◽  
Ana Cristina R Krolow ◽  
Sílvia Carpenedo ◽  
Carlos Reisser Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Yield And Quality

The strawberry cultivation is an important economic activity in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, however the number of offered cultivars to the growers is reduced. The yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars Camarosa, Galexia, Earlibrite, Festival, Plarionfre and Sabrosa was evaluated under the climatic conditions of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State. We determined the number, mass, total soluble solids (TSS ºBrix), total titratable acidity (TTA), antocianin level and fresh fruits produced in an experimental unit. We also determined the production of fruits per hectare and per plant. The statistical design used in the experiment was of completely randomized blocks with 6 treatments (cultivars) and 4 replicates where the experimental unit was composed of 8 plants. The harvest began in the first half of August, extending to the second half of December, totalling 20 weeks. Plarionfre, Earlibrite and Festival cultivars showed higher production from the first half of October until the end of the first half of November. Camarosa reached higher productivity, mass of plants and fruit weight. There were no differences between the evaluated cultivars in the levels of TSS, antocianin, ATT and pH during the period of evaluation.

scholarly journals Resposta de Handroanthus heptaphyllus Mattos em diferentes volumes de substrato e adubação de base.

FLORESTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1770
Author(s):  
Thaise Da Silva TONETTO ◽  
Maristela Machado Araujo ◽  
Álvaro Luís Pasquetti Berghetti ◽  
Márcio Carlos Navroski
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Appropriate Practices ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Martius) Mattos response in different volumes of substrate and base fertilization. The native forest species require the adoption of appropriate practices in the nursery, such as the definition of the container volume and base fertilizer, to develop seedlings at lower cost. Thus, this study aimed to verify the performance of Handroanthus heptaphyllus seedlings grown in nurseries in different sizes of containers and different dosage of controlled release fertilizer (CRF). There was interaction between the volume of container and the fertilization for the height (H), stem diameter (SD), and H/SD relation. The shoot dry mass variable (SDM), root dry mass (RDM), total dry mass (TDM), SDM/RDM relation, Dickson quality index (DCI) and leaf area (LA) were influenced only by the base fertilizer. The highest values for these variables were, respectively, 15.68 cm; 6.55 mm, 2.58 cm mm-1; 2.05 g; 2.03 g; 3.84 g; 1.46; 1.15 and 246.97 cm². The H. heptaphyllus species is nutritionally demanding, positively responding to the high dose of CRF. Seedlings of H. heptaphyllus produced in tubes of 180 cm³ with 7.0 g L-1 of CRF present adequate growth.

scholarly journals Soybeans Competitiveness with Morning Glory

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
F. PICCININI ◽  
T.N. MARTIN ◽  
S.L.O. MACHADO ◽  
N.D. KRUSE ◽  
R. SCHMATZ
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Herbicide Use

Weeds interfere negatively on development, yield and quality of soybeans (Glycine max). Inadequate weed control by herbicide use can select for resistant or tolerant biotypes, leading to a shift in the weed flora. An example is the increase of incidence of morning glory (Ipomoea spp.) in soybeans growing areas in South Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the competitiveness of soybeans intercropped with I. triloba, I. indivisa and I. purpurea through a replacement experiments series. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The first experiment was carried out aiming to get the plant population while total plant dry mass remained constant. Other experiments were done under replacement series experiments with soybeans and morning glory ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 100:0 using the 250 plant m-2 defined by the preliminary experiment. Leaf area, root and shoots dry mass were assessed. Diagrams along with index interpretation were used to performed a competitiveness analysis. Soybeans showed greater competitiveness as I. triloba, I. purpurea and I. indivisa species for the leaf area, root and shoots dry mass variables. Intraspecific competition prevails between soybean plants whilst interspecific competition prevails for morning glory.

Influência da Casca de Arroz Carbonizada no Desenvolvimento de Mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (VELL.) Morong

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Vinícius Moreira Vaz ◽  
Douglas Santos Gonçalves ◽  
Priscila Bezerra De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Entre as espécies florestais nativas indicadas para a recuperação de áreas degradas está o Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, pouco se sabe sobre os processos germinativos e de produção de mudas desta espécie. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da casca de arroz carbonizada no desenvolvimento de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, campus Universitário de Gurupi – TO, em que foram instalados cinco tratamentos e 20 repetições, com adição de Casca de Arroz Carbonizada (CAC) no substrato comercial Bioflora® (SCB), nas proporções de (T1) 0% CAC + 100% SCB, (T2) 25% CAC + 75% SCB, (T3) 50% CAC + 50% SCB, (T4) 75% CAC + 25% SCB e (T5) 100% CAC. Aos 20, 40 e 60 dias, após a semeadura, foram avaliados os parâmetros altura da parte aérea e diâmetro do coleto. Ao final de 60 dias foram obtidos os parâmetros: peso da massa seca da raiz, peso da massa seca da parte aérea, peso da massa seca total e índice de qualidade de Dickson. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas através do Software Assistat 7.7 pelo teste Scott e Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. O uso de casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) influenciou no desenvolvimento de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. Palavras-chave: Substratos Alternativos. Tamboril. Viveiro Florestal AbstractAmong the native forest species indicated for the recovery of degraded areas is Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, little is known about the germination processes and seedling production of this species. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of carbonized rice husk on the development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the Forest Nursery of the Federal University of Tocantins, University campus of Gurupi - TO, five treatments and 20 replicates were installed, with the addition of Carbonized Rice Peel (CAC) in the commercial substratum Bioflora ® (SCB), in proportions (T1) 0% CAC + 100% SCB, (T2) 25% CAC + 75% SCB, (T3) 50% CAC + 50% SCB, (T4) 75% CAC + 25% SCB and (T5) 100% CAC . At 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing, the parameters of shoot height and shoot diameter were evaluated. At the end of 60 days, the following parameters were obtained: root dry mass weight, shoot dry mass weight, total dry mass weight and Dickson quality index. The used experimental design  was completely randomized (DIC), the means of the treatments were compared using Software Assistat 7.7 by the Scott and Knott test at the 5% probability level. The use of carbonized rice husk (CAC) influenced the development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seedlings. Keywords: Alternative Substrates. Monkfish. Forest Nursery

scholarly journals Assessment of Surface Water Quality of Mayur River in Khulna City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahadi Hashan ◽  
S.M. Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Phosphate Nitrate

Abstract River water quality is one of the foremost concerns now a days as it plays a significant role in human and aquatic life. Mayur River, located on the northwestern side of the Khulna city, is important from numerous points of view like freshwater reservoir, navigation, water source for irrigation, ground for fishing and the main wastewater route of Khulna city. However along with human interruption, the unplanned and untreated crude dumping of domestic, industrial and household waste into it, the natural flow of the river is totally retarded and the river water quality has been degraded on a large scale due to water pollution. This pollution has colossal negative impact on day to day life of the inhabitants living alongside of this river as they use this water for domestic and sometimes drinking purposes. That is where the significance of assessing the water quality of Mayur River has come from. The core objectives of this study is to assess the water quality of Mayur River and to develop a model using statistical analysis between water quality parameters (WQP) and water quality index (WQI) to interpret relationship among them. Water quality was assessed on the basis of WQI calculation using National Sanitary Foundation water quality index method. The temporal WQI value showed that the water quality in Mayur River got worse in dry season than that of wet season due to dilution. Much higher values were obtained in case of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), turbidity, total solids (TS), chloride, phosphate, nitrate and fecal coliform (FC). Pearson correlation coefficient shows negative relationship among temporal average WQI with other parameters except pH. Regression analysis indicates that 99.7% proportion of variance of dependent variable (temporal average WQI) can be predicted from the independent variables (Dissolved Oxygen (% saturation), BOD, turbidity, TS, pH, temperature change, phosphate, nitrate and FC). Total nine prediction equations were formed using regression coefficients that may be helpful to predict the WQI on the basis of WQP in future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document