scholarly journals Iron salts and vitamins: use, purchase and sources of obtainment among children in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana do Amaral Carneiro Diel ◽  
Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi ◽  
Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Iron Salts ◽  
Transversal Study ◽  
Southeastern Region

To verify the prevalence of use, purchase and sources of iron salts and vitamins by children aged from 0 to 12 years in Brazil. Population-based transversal study (Brazilian National Survey on Access, Utilization, and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines - PNAUM), including 7,528 children up to 12 years of age. Information was obtained through questionnaires answered by the children’s tutors, about the use of iron salts and vitamins 15 days before the interview; forms of financing, and sources of obtainment, sociodemographic characteristics, and presence of chronic disease. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed and the main variables were expressed by relative frequencies and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The prevalence of use of iron salts was 1.6% (95%CI: 1.2-2.1), with higher prevalence among children under 1 year old (8.5%; 95%CI: 6.3-11.5) and residents of the southeastern region (2.3%; 95%CI: 1.5-3.4). Prevalence of use of vitamins was 4.8% (95%CI: 4.2-5.6), with higher prevalence among children under 1 year old (24.3%; 95%CI: 20.3-28.7) and residents of the northern region (8.6%; 95%CI: 6.2-11.7). Purchase occurred by direct reimbursement for 41.6% (95%CI: 27.9-56.7) of the iron salts, and for 82.4% (95%CI: 76.3-87.2) of the vitamins. The iron salts were predominantly obtained from SUS pharmacies (51.5%; 95%CI: 36.4-66.4), and the vitamins from commercial pharmacies (80.6%; 95%CI: 77.4-85.6). The results suggested the use of iron salts in the Brazilian pediatric population was low, with reduction in use as age increased, regional differences and free-of-charge obtainment, predominantly from SUS.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: CROSS-TRACKS: a population-based open cohort across healthcare sectors in Denmark

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e039996
Author(s):  
Anders Hammerich Riis ◽  
Pia Kjær Kristensen ◽  
Matilde Grøndahl Petersen ◽  
Ninna Hinchely Ebdrup ◽  
Simon Meyer Lauritsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Transfer Payment ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Patient Pathways

PurposeThis paper describes the open cohort CROSS-TRACKS, which comprises population-based data from primary care, secondary care and national registries to study patient pathways and transitions across sectors while adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.ParticipantsA total of 221 283 individuals resided in the four Danish municipalities that constituted the catchment area of Horsens Regional Hospital in 2012–2018. A total of 96% of the population used primary care, 35% received at least one transfer payment and 66% was in contact with a hospital at least once in the period. Additional clinical information is available for hospital contacts (eg, alcohol intake, smoking status, body mass index and blood pressure). A total of 23% (n=8191) of individuals aged ≥65 years had at least one potentially preventable hospital admission, and 73% (n=5941) of these individuals had more than one.Findings to dateThe cohort is currently used for research projects in epidemiology and artificial intelligence. These projects comprise a prediction model for potentially preventable hospital admissions, a clinical decision support system based on artificial intelligence, prevention of medication errors in the transition between sectors, health behaviour and sociodemographic characteristics of men and women prior to fertility treatment, and a recently published study applying machine learning methods for early detection of sepsis.Future plansThe CROSS-TRACKS cohort will be expanded to comprise the entire Central Denmark Region consisting of 1.3 million residents. The cohort can provide new knowledge on how to best organise interventions across healthcare sectors and prevent potentially preventable hospital admissions. Such knowledge would benefit both the individual citizen and society as a whole.

scholarly journals Gynecologic Malignancies in Children and Adolescents: How Common is the Uncommon?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Christoph Wohlmuth ◽  
Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Gynecologic Malignancies ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Disease Stages ◽  
Malignant Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Vaginal Neoplasms

The aim of this study is to assess the projected incidence and prognostic indicators of gynecologic malignancies in the pediatric population. In this population-based retrospective cohort study, girls ≤18 years with ovarian, uterine, cervical, vaginal and vulvar malignancies diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-18 registry. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze overall survival (OS). The age-adjusted annual incidence of gynecologic malignancies was 6.7 per 1,000,000 females, with neoplasms of the ovary accounting for 87.5%, vagina 4.5%, cervix 3.9%, uterus 2.5% and vulva 1.6% of all gynecologic malignancies. Malignant germ-cell tumors represented the most common ovarian neoplasm, with an increased incidence in children from 5–18 years. Although certain subtypes were associated with advanced disease stages, the 10-year OS rate was 96.0%. Sarcomas accounted for the majority of vaginal, cervical, uterine and vulvar malignancies. The majority of vaginal neoplasms were observed in girls between 0–4 years, and the 10-year OS rate was 86.1%. Overall, gynecologic malignancies accounted for 4.2% of all malignancies in girls aged 0–18 years and the histologic subtypes and prognosis differed significantly from patients in older age groups.

scholarly journals Death and Chronic Disease Risk Associated With Poor Life Satisfaction: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C Rosella ◽  
Longdi Fu ◽  
Emmalin Buajitti ◽  
Vivek Goel
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk

scholarly journals INDICATORS OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY BY FEMUR FRACTURES IN OLDER PEOPLE: A DECADE-LONG STUDY IN BRAZILIAN HOSPITALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
VIVIANE CRISTINA ULIANA PETERLE ◽  
JOÃO CARLOS GEBER JUNIOR ◽  
WILLIAN DARWIN JUNIOR ◽  
ALEXANDRE VASCONCELOS LIMA ◽  
PAULO EMILIANO BEZERRA JUNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Unified Health System

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the profile of femur fractures in older adults in Brazil between 2008 and 2018. Methods: Population-based time series study with data from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (Datasus), including 480,652 hospitalizations, of adults from 60 years and over, with hip fracture (ICD10-S72). Results: There was an increase of 76.9% in the hospitalization register (mean 5.87%/year) and an average incidence rate of 19.46 fractures for every 10,000 older adults. In total, 68% of hospitalizations were female, 28% from São Paulo. The average length of stay was 8.9 days, being higher in the Northern Region (11.8) and in the Federal District (18.7). Average mortality rate was 5%, being higher in men (5.45%) and over 80 years old. Northeast Region had the lowest mortality rate (3.54%). Southeast Region had the highest rate (5.53%). Total cost of hospitalizations was R$ 1.1 billion, with an average of R$ 100 million/year. Average cost per hospitalization was higher in the Southern Region (R$ 2,491.00). Conclusion: Femoral fracture is an important cause of mortality among older adults, with a higher incidence in women but higher mortality in men, with high cost to the system and regional differences. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analyses - developing an economic or decision model.

Gerechtigkeit schlägt Effizienz: Prinzipien der regionalen Umverteilung

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-95
Author(s):  
Martin Abraham ◽  
Thomas Brenner ◽  
Jonathan Eberle ◽  
Jan Gniza ◽  
Isabella Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Redistributive Policy ◽  
Fairness Norms ◽  
Regional Redistribution

Zusammenfassung Obwohl zur Angleichung regionaler Unterschiede in den Wirtschafts- und Lebensverhältnissen von der Politik regelmäßig Fördermaßnahmen eingesetzt werden, legen empirische Befunde nahe, dass deren Wirkung aus verschiedenen Perspektiven heraus beurteilt werden muss. Unter Rückgriff auf unterschiedliche Datenquellen zeigen wir empirisch, dass sich die Legitimität regionaler Umverteilungsmaßnahmen weniger aus ihrer (ökonomischen) Effizienz als der auf Gerechtigkeitsnormen beruhenden Einstellung der Bevölkerung speist. Vor dem Hintergrund der Befragungsergebnisse können die Effizienzeinbußen einer auf die schwächeren Regionen ausgerichteten Ausgleichspolitik allerdings als in der Bevölkerung mehrheitlich akzeptierte Kosten gewünschter Bedarfsgerechtigkeit angesehen werden. Abstract: Justice Beats Efficiency: Principles of Regional Redistribution Although policy makers have used various place-based policies to reduce regional differences in economic and living conditions, it has been empirically proven that their impact should be reflected from different perspectives. Using various sources of data, we empirically show that the legitimacy of regional redistributive measures derives less from their (economic) efficiency than from the attitudes of the population based on fairness norms. The results of our survey show that the loss of efficiency of a redistributive policy aimed at the weaker regions can be considered as the costs of social justice that are generally accepted by the public.

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