scholarly journals Calibration and Validation of the AquaCrop Model to Estimate Maize Production in Campos Gerais, Paraná State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz Moretti de Souza ◽  
Cibelle Tamiris de Oliveira ◽  
Stefanie Lais Kreutz Rosa ◽  
Rodrigo Yoiti Tsukahara
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relative Errors

Abstract Crop productivity evaluation with models simulations can help in the prediction of harvests and in the understanding of the interactions resulting from the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. The aim of this study was to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model for maize crop in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Campos Gerais region, Paraná State, Brazil. The analyses were carried out for maize crop with model input data (climate, crop, soil and soil management) obtained from the ABC Foundation Experimental Station in Castro, Ponta Grossa and Socavão. The climate in the region is humid subtropical, with rainfall evenly distributed. The relief varies from flat to gently undulating. The period analyzed in the calibration and validation process comprised 2011 to 2016 and 2012 to 2016 harvests, respectively. The data used in the calibration of AquaCrop was different from those used in the validation process. Observed and simulated yields were evaluated by simple linear regression analyses, absolute and relative errors, correlation coefficient (r), concordance (d) and performance (c) indexes. The calibration of AquaCrop was satisfactory in the locations studied for maize crop, obtaining absolute errors varying from 6 to 121 kg ha–1. The highest calibration errors occurred in Castro. However, the errors were not enough to reduce the performance in the validation process for this localitie. The model validation resulted in “excellent” performance in all locations evaluated. The AquaCrop can be used to predict the maize yield with acceptable accuracy in the Campos Gerais Region, Paraná State, Brazil.

scholarly journals Simulation and performance yield of soybean and maize crops by AquaCrop, in Campos Gerais, Paraná State

Acta Iguazu ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz Moretti de Souza ◽  
Karla Regina Piekarski ◽  
Stefanie Lais Kreutz Rosa ◽  
Mariana Vasconcelos Barroca ◽  
Rodrigo Yoiti Tsukahara
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relative Errors

The computational models that simulate yield of agricultural crops are important to planning activities. The objective of this study was to verify the performance of AquaCrop model to simulate soybean and maize yield in Campos Gerais region, in different soil types. The AquaCrop was used to estimate yield, requiring climate, soil, crop and soil management input data. In the analysis were used data from 21 and 32 experiments with maize and soybeans, respectively, carried out in the ABC Foundation, from years harvest between 2006 and 2014. For soybean crop, the highest absolute and relative errors of productivity simulations occurred in less productive crops, due to the lack of rain during sowing, water deficit in the harvest or high temperatures in the first weeks after the plants emergence. The highest absolute and relative errors verified in the simulations with maize crop experiments did not allow defined pattern identification. The AquaCrop achieved “very good” and “excellent” performances in the simulations of soybean and maize yield it the analyzed locations. The soil type affected the results from the analyzes of the two crops, and the Latossolos provided better performance and higher correlation compared to other soil types. 

scholarly journals Cover plants and performance of shanks depths under corn productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e15
Author(s):  
Alcir José Modolo ◽  
Jônatan Müller ◽  
Juan Paulo Xavier de Freitas ◽  
Lucas Dotto ◽  
Rivanildo Dallacort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Direct Sowing

The direct sowing system is characterized by minimum soil rotation and maintenance of vegetal residues in cover. However, incorrect management excessive traffic of machines have caused the emergence of compacted layers, which can cause decrease of crop productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil parameters and maize crop yield after management with different performance depths of fertilizer shanks, associated to the cultivation of winter coverage plants, in compacted Latosol, conducted in a direct sowing system. The experiment was carried out in two agricultural years (2013/2014 and 2014/2015), in a dystroferric Red Latosol, with a very clayey texture. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, with treatments arranged in the strip scheme, with two factors and four replications, totaling 32 experimental units. The main treatments were composed by the combination of four performance depths of fertilizer shank (0.065, 0.095, 0.125 and 0.150 m) in the corn sowing process and the secondary ones by the cultivation of two winter coverage plants (black oats and turnip forage). The use of coverage plants and performance depths of the shank, among themselves, did not change the parameters of soil density and porosity, in the intercrop line. The final population of plants, seedling emergence speed index and maize production components did not vary as a result of the performance depth of the shank.

Are conservation agriculture (CA) systems productive and profitable options for smallholder farmers in different agro-ecoregions of Zimbabwe?

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Mupangwa ◽  
M. Mutenje ◽  
C. Thierfelder ◽  
I. Nyagumbo
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
Conventional Practice

AbstractContinuous conventional tillage coupled with unsystematic cereal/legume rotations has promoted low crop productivity on smallholder farms. A multi-locational study was established in three agro-ecoregions (AEs) of Zimbabwe. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of four tillage systems (conventional plowing, planting basins, rip-line and animal traction direct seeding systems) on maize (Zea mays L.), cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yields, and evaluate the economic performance of the conservation agriculture (CA) systems relative to conventional plowing. Each farmer was a replicate of the trial over the three cropping seasons. In the high (750–1000 mm per annum) and low (450–650 mm) rainfall AEs, conventional practice and CA systems gave similar maize grain yield. Under medium rainfall conditions (500–800 mm) planting basins, rip-line and direct seeding systems gave 547, 548 and 1690 kg ha−1 more maize yield than the conventional practice. In the high and low rainfall AEs, conventional practice and planting basins had the lowest maize production risk. Cowpea yield was 35 and 45% higher in the rip-line and direct seeding than conventional practice. Soybean yield was higher in rip-line (36%) and direct seeding (51%) systems than conventional practice. Direct seeding system gave the highest net benefits in all AEs. A combination of long-term biophysical and socio-economic assessments of the different cropping systems tested in our study is critical in order to fully understand their performance under different AEs of Zimbabwe.

Application of Biofertilizers in Cover of and Its Effects on Organic Maize

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amanda Cecato Favorito ◽  
Edleusa Pereira Seidel ◽  
Taís Regina Kohler ◽  
William Ribeiro de Carvalho ◽  
Renan Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Bovine Urine ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Dunnett Test ◽  
And Control

The objective of the present study was to verify the effect of two doses of the biofertilizer ‘Supermagro’ applied in cover, in the presence and absence of cured bovine urine in the maize crop, and in the soil penetration resistance, as well as the effect in the application of biofertilizer ‘Fert Bokashi’. The experimental design used was of randomized blocks with four replicates. The treatments constituted of cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 6% (recommended dose) (T1); cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 12% (T2); cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 6% + cured bovine urine 3% (T3); cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 12% + cured bovine urine 3% (T4); cover application of cured bovine urine 3% (T5); use of the biofertilizer ‘Fert Bokashi’ in the dose of 0,5% of dilution) (T6); and control (T7). The results obtained were tabulated and submitted to analysis of variance and the comparison of means by the Dunnett test at 5% of probability, with the aid of the statistical analysis software SAS. For the parameters: thousand grain mass, the treatment ‘Fert Bokashi’ alone presented the highest thousand grain mass (375,00 g) being it superior to the control (p<0,05) with 360,94 g. For the yield parameter, the treatments ‘Supermagro’ 12% + urine, bovine urine alone and ‘Fert Bokashi’ presented the highest averages, (5961 kg ha-1, 5512 kg ha-1 and 5808 kg ha-1, respectively) which differed statistically from the control (5500 kg ha-1) (p<0,05). The biofertilizers are an alternative to increase the yield of maize in the organic system with an average increase of 20% in the maize production in relation to the area without application. The biofertilizer ‘Fer Bokashi’ is an alternative to increase maize yield in the organic production system. The application of biofertilizers did not influence in the soil penetration resistance.

scholarly journals Comparison of Approaches for Irrigation Scheduling Using AquaCrop and NSGA-III Models under Climate Uncertainty

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7694
Author(s):  
Richwell Mubita Mwiya ◽  
Zhanyu Zhang ◽  
Chengxin Zheng ◽  
Ce Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Conflicting Objectives

In the face of increased competition for water resources, optimal irrigation scheduling is necessary for sustainable development of irrigated agriculture. However, optimal irrigation scheduling is a nonlinear problem with many competing and conflicting objectives and constraints, and deals with an environment in which conditions are uncertain. In this study, a multi-objective optimization problem for irrigation scheduling was presented in which maximization of net benefits and water use efficiency and minimization of risk were the objectives. The presented optimization problem was solved using four different approaches, all of which used the AquaCrop model and nondominated sorting genetic algorithm III. Approach 1 used dynamic climate data without adaption; Approach 2 used dynamic climate data with adaption; Approach 3 used static climate data without adaption; and Approach 4 used static climate data with adaption. The dynamic climate data were generated using the bootstrap resampling of original climate data. A case study of maize production in north Jiangsu Province of China was used to evaluate the proposed approaches. Under the multi-objective scenario presented and other conditions of the study, Approach 4 gave the best results, and showed that irrigation depths of 400, 325, and 200 mm were required to produce a maize crop in a dry, normal, and wet year, respectively.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Mulsa Vertikal pada Lahan Kering untuk Menekan Erosi, Aliran Permukaan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEWA OKA SUPARWATA ◽  
Nurmi ◽  
Moh. Ikbal Bahua
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Village

This study aimed to determine the effect of vertical mulching to minimize of runoff and soil erosion, vertical mulching influence on the growth and yield of maize, and the correlation between erosion and runoff to maize yield in vertical mulching. This study was conducted in March and July 2012 in the village of Bulontala, District of South Suwawa, Bolango Bone regency, Gorontalo province with slope +15%. This study uses a randomized block design (with three treatment levels: (a) P0 control, (b) P1 (vertical mulching with length 1 m, width 0.5 m and the 0.4 m), and (c) P2 (vertical mulch with 1 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.5 m in). Each treatment was repeated 3 times in order to obtain experimental plots 9 unit. Observation parameters include surface runoff, erosion, plant growth and the production of maize. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance with the help of SAS data processing program. P1 treatment because runoff and soil erosion are markedly lower (surface flow of 108.19 m3 ha-1 and the erosion of 683.0 kg ha-1). P1 treatment significantly affected the growth of stem diameter (2.21 cm) and increased production of dry shelled maize crop (3.28 ton ha-1). Surface flow is positively correlated with erosion and runoff and erosion negatively correlated with maize production.

scholarly journals Periods of weed interference in maize crops cultivated in the first and second cycles

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 2867
Author(s):  
Caio Ferraz de Campos ◽  
Arthur Arrobas Martins Barroso ◽  
Antonio Carlos da Silva Junior ◽  
Clebson Gomes Gonçalves ◽  
Dagoberto Martins
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystem ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Culture Cycle ◽  
Critical Timing

The interference of weeds in maize production may be reflected in grain yield losses that vary as a function of the density, stage and degree of aggressiveness of the species present. In the agricultural ecosystem, crops and weeds demand light, water, nutrients and space, which are frequently not available in sufficient quantities, leading to competition. The aim of this work was to determine the period of interference of weed plants, in particular of naked crabgrass (Digitaria nuda) on maize crop in the first and second harvest. The treatments were defined as increasing periods of coexistence and increasing control of weed community (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days), two more controls, a control including one with weed control until the end of the culture cycle and another with coexistence until the harvest. For each period, were evaluated the stand of maize plants, length of ear, number of grains per row, number of rows per ear, cob, 100-grain weight, and grain productivity. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using the F test, with average treatments compared using Tukey’s test at 5% probability. Crop productivity was evaluated by means of regressions, the critical periods of interference were estimated. The critical timing of weed removal was 25 days for both harvests. The critical weed free period was 54 and 27 days for the first and second harvest respectively. For the conditions of the first and second harvest, the critical period of weed control was of 29 and 2 days respectively.

scholarly journals Influence of the AquaCrop soil module on the estimation of soybean and maize crop yield in the State of Parana, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz Moretti de Souza ◽  
Stefanie Lais Kreutz Rosa ◽  
Karla Regina Piekarski ◽  
Rodrigo Yoiti Tsukahara
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Texture Classification ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Standard Scenario ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Soil Climate

The values of the physical-water attributes of soils for use in agricultural simulation models are usually obtained using difficult and time-consuming methods. The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of the AquaCrop model to estimate soybean and maize crop productivity in the region of Campos Gerais (Brazil), with the option of including soil physical-water attributes in the model. Real crop productivities and input data (soil, climate, crop and soil management) were obtained from experimental stations of the ABC Foundation for the crop years 2006 to 2014. Sixty-four yield simulations were performed for soybean (four municipalities) and 42 for maize (three municipalities), evaluating input soil data scenarios of AquaCrop as follows: i) all soil physical-water attributes were measured (standard) and ii) the attributes were measured only using textural classification of the area (alternative). Real and simulated yields were verified by simple linear regression analyses and statistical indices (r, d, c). The standard scenario yielded performances between very good and excellent (0.75<c≤1.0) for soybean and between bad and excellent (0.40<c≤1.0) for maize. The alternative scenario was more variable, with performances between terrible and excellent (0.0<c≤1.0) for soybean and terrible and medium (0.0<c≤0.65) for maize. Using only the soil texture classification in AquaCrop indicated an easier way to estimate crop yields, but low performances may restrict estimates of soybean and maize yields in Campos Gerais.

scholarly journals Sunnhemp and millet as green manure for tropical maize production

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Perin ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Silva Santos ◽  
Segundo Sacramento Urquiaga ◽  
Paulo Roberto Cecon ◽  
José Guilherme Marinho Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Available N ◽  
Nitrogen Budgets ◽  
N Release

Commonly N release from legume residues is rapid in the tropics. Legume mixtures with grasses can result in slower nutrient release from residues, better matching the N requirements of the following crop. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of the green manures sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea) and millet (Pennisetum glaucum), alone or mixed, on the performance of a subsequent maize crop with and without the application of N-fertilizer. The experiment consisted of four randomized blocks, with split plots. The plot treatments consisted of previous cultivation of sunnhemp, millet, mixed sunnhemp+millet and weeds. The subplot treatments were 90 kg N ha-1 and absence of N-fertilizer. Substantial amounts of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) nitrogen were present in above ground parts of sunnhemp alone (173 kg ha-1) and mixed with millet (89 kg ha-1). Decay rates showed that half of the N was released 15 and 22 days from sunnhemp and sunnhemp+millet residues, respectively. The difference was attributed to temporary immobilization due to the higher C/N ratio of sunnhemp+millet. The preceding sunnhemp+millet treatment resulted in a larger maize yield than sunnhemp alone, when no N-fertilizer was applied. This effect was not observed when N-fertilizer was added. This effect may be due to a more timely N release, compared to sunnhemp and millet alone, when available N is required for maize. Nitrogen budgets showed that 15% and 10% in maize grain N was recovered from BNF for sunnhemp alone and sunnhemp+millet respectively. The recovery of N-BNF by maize was 65% higher after sunnhemp+millet than after sunnhemp monocrop.

scholarly journals Drought Responses on Physiological Attributes of Zea mays in Relation to Nitrogen and Source-Sink Relationships

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suphia Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
World Food Security ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Source Sink

Maize is the staple food crop and essential for world food security. Maize plants’ water requirement is high for proper growth and development at vegetative stage and grain formation at reproductive stage. Drought is the major abiotic stress that affects almost all the growth stages of maize crop and it has a strong impact on all the physiological process of maize plants. Similarly, N metabolism is of central importance during drought stress. Nitrogen (N) is one of the macronutrients; it is a major requirement for crop growth and grain yield of maize. Therefore, nitrogen and water separately or in combination are the two most critical factors in maize production. Drought modifies source-sink relations and weakens the source and sink strength, which disturbs plant’s growth, plant’s adaptation to stress, and consequently affects crop productivity.

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