scholarly journals A revision of two distinct species of Rhipicephalus: R. microplus and R. australis

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1240-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid Ali ◽  
Luís Fernando Parizi ◽  
Beatriz Rossetti Ferreira ◽  
Itabajara da Silva Vaz Junior
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Tick Control ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
16S Ribosomal Dna ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Research

ABSTRACT: Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) species are monoxenous ticks with seasonal distribution in tropical and subtropical regions. For many years, Rhipicephalus micropluswas considered as a single species; however, further analysis split these ticks into two distinct species. Because R. microplusand R. australisshare similar attributes, it is hard to discriminate these two species and explain the changes in the classification of these parasites over the past decades. The reappearance of R. australisis an outcome of new research, which has afforded to better characterize these probably cryptic species. Evidence based on morphological features, the lack of conspecificity, microsatellite markers, mitochondrial 12S and 16S ribosomal DNA, and mitochondrial genome supports the re-classification of R. microplusas different species. Therefore, populations of R. microplusfrom Australia, Cambodia, Philippines, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Borneo, New Guinea, Tahiti and parts of Southeast Asia were recently reinstated as R. australis. Moreover, a better knowledge on the speciation between these two species could pave the way to important advances in tick control strategies.

Analysis of Aluminium Beam-to-Column Joints by the Component Method: Existing Studies and Research Needs

2016 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco De Matteis ◽  
Giuseppe Brando
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Component Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Moment Resisting ◽  
New Research ◽  
Steel Joints

This paper aims at providing an overview on the current state of the art and on possible future developments concerning the component method implementation for the classification of beam-to-column joints belonging to aluminum moment resisting frames.After a brief discussion on the component method theoretical bases, developed in the past to give a feasible calculation procedure for steel joints, recent experimental and numerical studies, carried out for investigating some aluminum components, are presented and discussed. In particular strengths and weaknesses of the current knowledge are put into evidence, also in light of the peculiarities that make aluminum alloys different from steel. The launch of new research fields, aimed at pursuing an update of the current codes dealing with aluminum structures, is therefore proposed.

Citizens Making Sense of Science Issues

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Xenos
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
New Research

Dramatic increases in media choice over the past few decades have had profound effects on virtually all processes of communication involving issues of public concern. For science issues in particular, exposure to information about a particular topic is typically driven by specific motivations, often in the highly fragmented world of online communication. Existing research on information seeking in a polarized media environment can guide thinking about how individuals make sense of contemporary science issues. However, the unique features of science topics, particularly those related to emerging science and technology fields, complicate simple applications of existing theories. Although a small number of existing studies attend to these issues, developing solid, evidence-based prescriptions for improving how individuals seek information and form opinions will require significant new research.

The malkarid spiders of New Zealand (Araneae : Malkaridae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hormiga ◽  
Nikolaj Scharff
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
The Family ◽  
Wet Forests

This paper addresses the systematics of the New Zealand spiders of the family Malkaridae. Malkarids are small araneoid spiders that live primarily in the leaf litter and mosses of temperate and tropical wet forests in Australia and New Zealand, with the exception of a single species in southern South America and another in New Caledonia. We treat the New Zealand species of Malkaridae that are not members of the subfamily Pararchaeinae, a monophyletic group of 11 new species that we classify in 2 new genera (Tingotingo, gen. nov. and Whakamoke, gen. nov.) and a new subfamily (Tingotinginae, subfam. nov.). We describe, diagnose, illustrate and map the distribution of specimen records of these 11 new species of New Zealand Malkaridae: Tingotingo porotiti, sp. nov., T. pouaru, sp. nov., T. tokorera, sp. nov., T. aho, sp. nov., Whakamoke orongorongo, sp. nov.; W. tarakina, sp. nov.; W. guacamole, sp. nov.; W. hunahuna, sp. nov.; W. paoka, sp. nov.; W. heru, sp. nov.; and W. rakiura, sp. nov. We also treat the phylogenetic relationships of Malkaridae and use the results of our previous work on the molecular phylogeny of Araneoidea as the bases for the classification of the family. Tingotingo, gen. nov. and Whakamoke, gen. nov. are sister clades. Tingotinginae, subfam. nov. is the sister group of the Malkarinae plus Pararchaeinae clade. We further hypothesise and discuss the morphological synapomorphies of Malkaridae, Tingotinginae, subfam. nov. and the two new genera.

Electrophoretic studies of the systematic and biogeographic relationships of the Fijian bat genera Pteropus, Pteralopex, Chaerephon and Notopteris.

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ingleby ◽  
D Colgan
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
The One ◽  
Pteropus Samoensis ◽  
Pteropus Tonganus ◽  
Flying Fox

Allozyme variation at 24 - 29 presumptive loci was used to examine the systematic relationships between Fijian bats and those from neighbouring areas such as Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, New Guinea and Australia. Genetic data indicate that the Fijian bat fauna contains highly divergent taxa as well as some populations that are virtually indistinguishable electrophoretically from conspecifics in neighbouring islands groups, particularly species shared with Vanuatu. The endemic Fijian monkey-faced bat Pteralopex acrodonta, had a level of distinctiveness from two of its congeners in the Solomon Islands comparable to that between different genera. There was also considerable electrophoretic variation within what is generally considered a single species, the northern freetail-bat Chaerephon jobensis. The Australian form, C. j. colonicus, shows levels of divergence from the Fiji/Vanuatu subspecies, C. j. bregullae, consistent with that of a distinct species. C. j. solomonis from the Solomon Islands appears to represent a third species within this group. Moderate levels of divergence were found within the one subspecies of long-tailed flying-fox Notopteris macdonaldii sampled from Fiji and Vanuatu. In contrast to Pteralopex and Chaerephon, close affinities were found between and within several other southwest Pacific bat species, in particular, the two different subspecies of insular flying-fox Pteropus tonganus from Fiji, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands. Low levels of genetic divergence were also found between P. tonganus and the morphologially similar spectacled flying-fox P. conspicillatus from Australia and New Guinea. The Samoan flying-fox Pteropus samoensis appeared to be most closely allied to the Temotu flying-fox Pteropus nitendiensis, from the Solomon Islands.

scholarly journals Neofabraea actinidiae in New Zealand kiwifruit orchards: current status and knowledge gaps

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Joy L. Tyson ◽  
Michael A. Manning ◽  
Kerry R. Everett ◽  
Robert A. Fullerton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Disease Cycle ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Research ◽  
Water Borne

Neofabraea actinidiae (syn. Cryptosporiopsis actinidiae) is a member of a suite of fungi associated with ‘ripe rots’ of kiwifruit. Although it has been recorded regularly from kiwifruit in New Zealand over the past 30-40 years, initially as ‘Cryptosporiopsis sp.’, there is a general lack of knowledge of this fungus. This paper provides a review of the current records and available literature on the taxonomy and biology of the organism, and assesses the knowledge gaps in the disease cycle and epidemiology of N. actinidiae in kiwifruit orchards. The conidia of the fungus are likely to be water borne, infect fruit during or near to flowering and remain latent until harvest and subsequent ripening. The source of inoculum remains unknown. This review may stimulate new research into this pathogen and give insights into potential control strategies.

Vachellia hydaspica and V. pseudoeburnea (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) synonymized under V. eburnea

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapas Chakrabarty ◽  
Vinod Maina
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Flora Of India

Acacia hydaspica J.R.Drumm. ex R.Parker (1921: 309) and A. pseudoeburnea J.R.Drumm. ex Dunn (1922: 185) were treated as conspecific with A. eburnea (L. f.) Willd. (1806: 1081) by Chakrabarty & Gangopadhyay (1996: 609). However, when these taxa were recently transferred to Vachellia they were treated as distinct species, namely, V. hydaspica (J.R.Drumm ex R.Parker) Ali (Jan. 2014: 3; this same combination was also made by Ragupathy et. al. in March 2014: 176), V. pseudoeburnea (J.R.Drumm. ex Dunn) Ragupathy et al. (2014: 177) and V. eburnea (L.f.) Hurter & Mabberley in Mabberley (2008: 1021), respectively. Neither Ali (l.c.) nor Ragupathy et al. (l.c.) provided distinctive features of the taxa to justify their adoption of species rank, although Ragupathy et al. (l.c.) did say that they were following the classification of Kumar & Sane (2003) and Roskov et al. (2005) rather than that of Chakrabarty & Gangopadhyay (1996). The present studies for the ‘Flora of India Project’ currently in preparation revealed that the dividing lines between Vachellia eburnea, V. hydaspica and V. pseudoeburnea are not clear cut (Table 1) and therefore they are best treated as a single species, V. eburnea. The necessary synonymy (and typification) is therefore made here.

scholarly journals On the classification and related terminology of periodontal diseases: a historiographical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
I.P. Mazur ◽  
P.V. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
New Classification ◽  
The Past ◽  
Based Medicine

The article presents a historiographical analysis of literature sources and medical and technological documents on the terminology and classifications of periodontal diseases used in Ukraine over the past 120 years. The urgency of the dental community’s discussion of the terminology and classification of periodontal diseases is due to the need to introduce clinical guidelines and unified protocols for the provision of dental care based on evidence-based medicine and the implementation of new classification and introduction of appropriate terms.

LGBTQ Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Messinger
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Victim Services ◽  
Public Health Threat

Many nations today recognize intimate partner violence (IPV) in romantic-sexual relationships as a major public health threat, yet not all victims are treated equally. Contrary to myths, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans*, and queer (LGBTQ) people are more likely to experience IPV than heterosexual-cisgender people. Unfortunately, LGBTQ victims face major barriers to reaching safety in a world that too often stigmatizes their identities and overlooks their relationships when forming victim services and policies. Offering a roadmap forward, LGBTQ Intimate Partner Violence: Lessons for Policy, Practice, and Research is the first book to synthesize nearly all existing research from the past forty years on this pressing issue. At once highly organized and engaging, it provides evidence-based tips for academic and nonacademic audiences alike.

Second international scientific conference «Present fundamental problems of vegetation classification» (Yalta, 15–20 September 2019)

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
K. V. Ivanova ◽  
A. M. Lapina ◽  
V. V. Neshataev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Vegetation Classification ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Organizations

The 2nd international scientific conference «Fundamental problems of vegetation classification» took place at the Nikitskiy Botanical Garden (Yalta, Republic of Crimea, Russia) on 15–20 September 2019. There were 56 participants from 33 cities and 43 research organizations in Russia. The conference was mostly focused on reviewing the success in classification of the vegetation done by Russian scientists in the past three years. The reports covered various topics such as classification, description of new syntaxonomical units, geobotanical mapping for different territories and types of vegetation, studies of space-time dynamics of plant communities. The final discussion on the last day covered problems yet to be solved: establishment of the Russian Prodromus and the National archive of vegetation, complications of higher education in the profile of geobotany, and the issue of the data leakage to foreign scientific journals. In conclusion, it was announced that the 3rd conference in Nikitskiy Botanical Garden will be held in 2022.

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