scholarly journals Interaction between saflufenacil and imazapyr+imazapic in the management of barnyardgrass and weedy rice and selectivity for irrigated rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ânderson da Rosa Feijó ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Fipke ◽  
Luiza Piccinini Silveira ◽  
Edinalvo Rabaioli Camargo ◽  
Nelson Diehl Kruse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides ◽  
Chemical Groups

ABSTRACT: The use of imidazolinone-tolerant rice cultivars allows selective control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass. However, in many situations, there is a need to add herbicides from other chemical groups to increase the spectrum of weed control. In this sense, saflufenacil has the potential to be used in mixture with imidazolinone herbicides. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction effects of the imazapyr+imazapic and saflufenacil herbicides in weedy rice and barnyardgrass and to investigate their impacts on the yield of the irrigated rice cultivar Puitá INTA CL. To reach these aims, greenhouse and field experiments were carried out during two growing seasons, with herbicide treatments sprayed separately and in mixtures of saflufenacil with imazapyr+imazapic. Results showed that saflufenacil did not interfere with control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass obtained with imazapyr+imazapic. The D50 values of imazapyr+imazapic for weedy rice control were 14.5+5, 9.1+3 and 12.5+4.2 g ha-1of imazapyr+imazapic for combinations with 0, 3.06 and 6.12 g ha-1of saflufenacil, respectively. In the field experiments, all doses of imazapyr+imazapic applied isolated or in mixture with saflufenacil provided control levels barnyardgrass above 90% at 28 days after herbicides application. Furthermore, saflufenacil did not cause damage or loss in the yield of the rice crop when mixed with imazapyr+imazapic. The Puitá INTA CL rice cultivar was tolerant of the tested herbicides, whether applied alone or in mixture, reaching grain yield of 9.987 kg ha-1 when applied 42 g ha-1 of saflufenacil plus 147+49 g ha-1 of imazapyr+imazapic.

scholarly journals Number of leaves and phenology of rice hybrids simulated by the SimulArroz model

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovana G. Ribas ◽  
Nereu A. Streck ◽  
Ary J. Duarte Junior ◽  
Moises F. do Nascimento ◽  
Alencar J. Zanon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Santa Maria

ABSTRACT Process-based-models can predict leaf and reproductive development of agricultural crops. The objective of this study was to calibrate and evaluate the SimulArroz model in simulating the number of leaves on the main culm and the phenology of three hybrid rice cultivars in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Field experiments were conducted in Santa Maria, Cachoeirinha, Uruguaiana and Santa Vitória do Palmar, in Rio Grande do Sul state, in two growing seasons. Observations were made to determine the number of leaves in the main culm through the Haun scale and the phenology of three hybrid cultivars (PRIME CL, INOV CL and QM 1010 CL) and a conventional rice cultivar used as a control (IRGA 424). The calibration of the SimulArroz model was efficient for simulating the number of leaves and phenology as a function of the sowing date and maturity group of three hybrid rice cultivars in Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals ANTAGONISM IS THE PREDOMINANT EFFECT OF HERBICIDE MIXTURES USED FOR IMIDAZOLINONE-RESISTANT BARNYARDGRASS (Echinochloa crus-galli) CONTROL

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. MATZENBACHER ◽  
A. KALSING ◽  
G. DALAZEN ◽  
C. MARKUS ◽  
A. MEROTTO JR
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Herbicide Mixtures ◽  
Als Inhibitors ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides ◽  
Predominant Effect ◽  
Major Target

ABSTRACTHerbicides mixtures are used in many situations without the adequate knowledge related with the effect on major target weeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different herbicides mixtures used in irrigated rice in order to establish the adequate combinations for the prevention and management of herbicide resistance in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Three experiments were performed at field conditions with all major post-emergent herbicides used in irrigated rice in Brazil. The first experiment was performed with barnyardgrass resistant to imidazolinone herbicides and herbicides applied at label rates. The second and third experiments were performed with barnyardgrass resistant and susceptible to imidazolinone herbicides applied at doses of 50 or 75% of the label rates. The occurrence of additive, synergistic and antagonistic effects was identified at 18, 18 and 64%, respectively, among the total of 50 different associations of herbicide and rates evaluated. In general, the mixture of ACCase inhibitors with ALS inhibitors, quinclorac, clomazone + propanil or thiobencarb resulted in antagonism. Sinergic mixtures were found in clomazone with propanil + thiobencarb, profoxydim with cyhalofop-butyl or clomazone, and quinclorac with imazapyr + imazapic, bispyribac-sodium or cyhalofop-butyl. The mixtures of quinclorac with profoxydim were antagonic. Rice grain yield varied according to the efficiency of weed control. Seveveral mixtures were effective for imidazolinone resistant barnyardgrass control.

scholarly journals Residual Activity of ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicides on Monocot Crops and Weeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary D. Lancaster ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Robert C. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Residual Control

AbstractField experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Fayetteville, Arkansas, to evaluate the residual activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)–inhibiting herbicides for monocot crop injury and weed control. Conventional rice, quizalofop-resistant rice, grain sorghum, and corn crops were evaluated for tolerance to soil applications of six herbicides (quizalofop at 80 and 160 g ai ha–1, clethodim at 68 and 136 g ai ha–1, fenoxaprop at 122 g ai ha–1, cyhalofop at 313 g ai ha–1, fluazifop at 210 and 420 g ai ha–1, and sethoxydim at 140 and 280 g ai ha–1). Overhead sprinkler irrigation of 1.3 cm was applied immediately after treatment to half of the plots, and the crops planted into the treated plots at 0, 7, and 14 d after herbicide treatment. In 2014, injury from herbicide treatments increased with activation for all crops evaluated, except for quizalofop-resistant rice. At 14 d after treatment (DAT) in 2014, corn and grain sorghum were injured 19% and 20%, respectively, from the higher rate of sethoxydim with irrigation activation averaged over plant-back dates. Conventional rice was injured 13% by the higher rate of fluazifop in 2014. Quizalofop-resistant rice was injured no more than 4% by any of the graminicides evaluated in either year. In 2015, a rainfall event occurred within 24 h of initiating the experiment; thus, there were no differences between activation via irrigation or by rainfall. However, as in 2014, grain sorghum and corn were injured 16% and 13%, respectively, by the higher rate of sethoxydim, averaged over plant-back dates. All herbicides provided little residual control of grass weeds, mainly broadleaf signalgrass and barnyardgrass. These findings indicate the need to continue allowing a plant-back interval to rice following a graminicide application, unless quizalofop-resistant rice is to be planted. The plant-back interval will vary by graminicide and the amount of moisture received following the application.

Sugarbeet tolerance when dimethenamid-P follows soil-applied ethofumesate and S-metolachlor

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 431-440
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Peters ◽  
Andrew B. Lueck ◽  
Aaron L. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

AbstractSugarbeet growers only recently have combined ethofumesate, S-metolachlor, and dimethenamid-P in a weed control system for waterhemp control. Sugarbeet plant density, visible stature reduction, root yield, percent sucrose content, and recoverable sucrose were measured in field experiments at five environments between 2014 and 2016. Sugarbeet stand density and stature reduction occurred in some but not all environments. Stand density was reduced with PRE application of S-metolachlor at 1.60 kg ai ha–1 and S-metolachlor at 0.80 kg ha–1 + ethofumesate at 1.68 kg ai ha–1 alone or followed by POST applications of dimethenamid-P at 0.95 kg ai ha–1. Sugarbeet visible stature was reduced when dimethenamid-P followed PRE treatments. Stature reduction was greatest with ethofumesate at 1.68 or 4.37 kg ha–1 PRE and S-metolachlor at 0.80 kg ha–1 + ethofumesate at 1.68 kg ha–1 PRE followed by dimethenamid-P at 0.95 kg ha–1 POST. Stature reduction ranged from 0 to 32% 10 d after treatment (DAT), but sugarbeet recovered quickly and visible injury was negligible 23 DAT. Although root yield and recoverable sucrose were similar across herbicide treatments and environments, we caution against the use of S-metolachlor at 0.80 kg ha–1 + ethofumesate at 1.68 kg ai ha–1 PRE followed by dimethenamid-P at 0.95 kg ha–1 in sugarbeet.

Herbicide Inputs for a New Agronomic Crop, Annual Wormwood (Artemisia annua)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles T. Bryson ◽  
Edward M. Croom
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Large Scale Cultivation

Annual wormwood has been cultivated on a small scale for production of the artemisinin class of antimalarial drugs in sufficient quantities for preclinical and clinical trials. Large scale cultivation will require a reliable, efficient crop production system. Production systems using 32 herbicides alone or in combinations were evaluated in growth chamber, greenhouse, and field experiments at Stoneville, MS from 1985 through 1988. The herbicide treatments that provided the best weed control were (A) metolachlor at 2.2 kg ai ha-1preemergence (PRE), (B) chloramben at 2.2 kg ai ha-1(PRE), or (C) trifluralin at 0.6 kg ai ha-1preplant soil incorporated (PPI) followed by fluazifop at 0.2 + 0.2 kg ai ha-1postemergence broadcast (POST) and acifluorfen at 0.6 kg ai ha-1(POST). These herbicide production systems provided excellent weed control (≥85%) and minimal crop injury (≤10%) with no effect on crop height or weight at harvest. Production of artemisinin was not reduced by herbicide treatments A, B, and C in 1987 and treatments B and C in 1988 when compared with the hand-weeded plots.

scholarly journals Effect of Furrow Irrigation on the Severity of False Smut in Susceptible Rice Varieties

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 570-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Brooks ◽  
Merle M. Anders ◽  
Kathleen M. Yeater
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽  
False Smut

False smut (Ustilaginoidea virens) is an important emerging disease of rice (Oryza sativa) in the southern United States, where all major rice cultivars and hybrids are susceptible to the disease. False smut susceptibility was evaluated in traditional paddy-rice fields and under furrow-irrigated conditions to determine the effects of alternative agricultural practices on the severity of this disease. Highly effective false smut suppression was observed in furrow-irrigated rice, where the disease was nearly eliminated in susceptible rice entries. False smut suppression was observed for two hybrids and one conventional rice cultivar, demonstrating that suppression was not limited to specific germplasm sources. Kernel smut severity was also monitored, but no effect on this disease was observed from the irrigation treatments. Therefore, suppression of disease severity in nonflooded rice appears to be a phenomenon unique to the rice–false smut pathosystem, which can be exploited to achieve effective field resistance to this disease.

scholarly journals Precision orientation herbicide spraying against weeds in plastic-mulched fields of spring hybrid millet

2019 ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Meijun Guo ◽  
Xi-e Song ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Jianming Wang ◽  
Xiatong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Good Option ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Foxtail millet (Setaria italic [L.] P. Beauv.) is an important food and fodder crop that is cultivated worldwide. However, weeds severely inhibit the growth of spring foxtail millet, and no suitable herbicide or method is available for weed control in foxtail millet fields. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various herbicides and their safety toward hybrid foxtail millet, that is, ‘Zhangzagu 10’. The present study was conducted using seven herbicides applied by precision orientation spraying between plastic mulches in a foxtail millet field. All herbicide treatments exhibited no significant difference on foxtail millet shoot and root biomass. No difference in grain yield was observed among herbicide treatments, including MCPA (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid), mesotrione, acetochlor, trifluralin, and pendimethalin, at the recommended dosage in field efficacy evaluation trial. For the same herbicide, the tendency of weed control increased with the increase in herbicide concentration. Following this finding, all herbicides applied at the highest dosage controlled weeds by 92.06% compared with the other treatments utilizing lower concentration. At the same concentration level, mesotrione controlled all weed populations was the highest observed among all herbicides, followed by prometryne and MCPA. Mesotrione controlled all weeds by at least 76.85%, exhibiting the highest weed injury among the herbicides and satisfying the requirement for weed species control. Finally, comprehensive analyses showed that mesotrione at 0.8 L ha-1, yielded the highest comprehensive evaluation value in foxtail millet field. Thus, this herbicide can be a good option in controlling weeds in foxtail millet field. This new model can aid in protecting hybrid ‘Zhangzagu 10’ foxtail millet seeds or seedlings against herbicide damage and is a good option in expanding the application range of herbicide in foxtail millet.

Do adjuvants reduce the antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl when mixed with bispyribac-Na?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
L. Connor Webster ◽  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
David C. Blouin ◽  
Benjamin M. McKnight
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
Grass Weed ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions

AbstractAcetyl co-enzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-resistant rice allows quizlaofop-p-ethyl to be applied as a POST control of troublesome grass weeds. A field study was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station near Crowley, LA, to evaluate the influence of a crop oil concentrate (COC), a silicon-based surfactant plus a nitrogen source (SNS), or a high-concentrate COC (HCOC) in overcoming the grass weed control antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl when mixed with bispyribac-Na. Quizalofop-p-ethyl was applied at 120 g ai ha−1, bispyribac-Na was applied at 34 g ai ha−1, and all adjuvants were applied at 1% vol/vol. Antagonistic interactions were observed at 14 d after treatment (DAT) when quizalofop-p-ethyl was mixed with bispyribac-Na with no adjuvant for control of barnyardgrass, the non–ACCase-tolerant rice cultivars ‘CL-111’ and ‘CLXL-745’, and red rice. At 14 DAT, antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl for control of barnyardgrass was observed when mixed with bispyribac-Na plus COC, SNS, or HCOC, with an observed control of 43%, 63%, and 86%, respectively, compared with an expected control of 95% for quizalofop-p-ethyl alone. However, the antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl when mixed with bispyribac-Na plus HCOC for barnyardgrass control at 14 DAT was overcome by 28 DAT, with an observed control of 91%, compared with an expected control of 97%. Synergistic or neutral interactions were observed at 14 and 28 DAT when COC, SNS, or HCOC was added to a mixture of quizalofop-p-ethyl plus bispyribac-Na for CL-111, CLXL-745, and red rice control. According to the results of this study, HCOC is the most effective adjuvant for quizalofop-p-ethyl and bispyribac-Na mixtures for control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass.

Early Season Herbicide Applications for Weed Control in Stale Seedbed Soybean (Glycine max)

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey A. Bruff ◽  
David R. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Selective Herbicide

Field experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 on silty clay and sandy loam soils to evaluate weed control and soybean yield with early-April preplant incorporation of selective herbicides in stale seedbed soybean followed by non-selective weed control measures at planting. Metribuzin applied PPI early followed by chlorimuron POST coupled with either glyphosate or paraquat PRE controlled sicklepod, pitted morningglory, and hemp sesbania to the same extent of that treatment applied PPI at planting. All stale seedbed treatments with POST applications and glyphosate, paraquat, or tillage at planting controlled pitted morningglory over 70%. However, imazaquin or metribuzin applied PPI early without a POST treatment controlled sicklepod and pitted morningglory poorly. Frequently, applying PPI herbicides at planting increased control compared with early PPI applications, but this was overcome by POST treatments. Early stale seedbed applications of metribuzin did not result in more than 60% control of hemp sesbania, whereas metribuzin applied PPI at planting controlled over 85%. However, metribuzin plus chlorimuron controlled hemp sesbania at least 74%, regardless of application timing or tillage method, whereas no imazaquin treatment achieved over 65% control. All stale seedbed herbicide treatments increased soybean yield compared with the untreated stale seedbed check. Selective herbicide treatments with either non-selective herbicide in a stale seedbed program resulted in equivalent yield to PPI at planting treatments most often, except with metribuzin.

Weed Control and Yield are Equal in Conventional, Reduced-, and No-Tillage Soybean (Glycine max) After 11 Years

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kapusta ◽  
Ronald F. Krausz
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
No Till ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Excellent Control

Field experiments were conducted from 1979 to 1989 to determine the influence of conventional, reduced, and no-tillage systems and different herbicide combinations on weed species and population, weed control, and soybean injury, population, and yield. In no-till (NT) non-treated plots, there was an abrupt shift from horseweed as the dominant early spring emerging weed to gray goldenrod in 1985. Following its initial observation, gray goldenrod became the dominant species within 2 yr, with giant foxtail as the only other species observed in these plots. Giant foxtail was the dominant weed species from 1980 to 1989 in conventional till (CT) and reduced-till (RT) plots. There also was a shift in the frequency of occurrence and in density of several broadleaf weed species during the 11-yr study. Most herbicides provided excellent control of all weeds in all tillage systems, especially those that included POST herbicides. There was little difference between glyphosate and paraquat in controlling weeds present at the time of planting in NT. PRE herbicides caused 2 to 9% soybean injury with slightly greater injury occurring in CT and RT than in NT. The POST broadleaf herbicides did not significantly increase soybean injury. There were no differences in soybean population or yield among the herbicide treatments regardless of tillage. There also was no difference in soybean population or yield in NT compared with CT when averaged over all herbicide treatments.

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