scholarly journals Drug use, mental health and problems related to crime and violence: cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloísa Garcia Claro ◽  
Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Janet C. Titus ◽  
Ivan Filipe de Almeida Lopes Fernandes ◽  
Paula Hayasi Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

Objective: to investigate the correlation between disorders related to the use of alcohol and other drugs and symptoms of mental disorders, problems related to crime and violence and to age and gender. Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study carried out with 128 users of a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and other Drugs, in the city of São Paulo, interviewed by means of the instrument entitled Global Appraisal of Individual Needs - Short Screener. Univariate and multiple linear regression models were used to verify the correlation between the variables. Results: using univariate regression models, internalizing and externalizing symptoms and problems related to crime/violence proved significant and were included in the multiple model, in which only the internalizing symptoms and problems related to crime and violence remained significant. Conclusions: there is a correlation between the severity of problems related to alcohol use and severity of mental health symptoms and crime and violence in the study sample. The results emphasize the need for an interdisciplinary and intersectional character of attention to users of alcohol and other drugs, since they live in a socially vulnerable environment.

scholarly journals Primary care registration of the mental health needs of patients treated at outpatient specialized services: results from a medium-sized city in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto dos Santos Treichel ◽  
Ioannis Bakolis ◽  
Rosana Teresa Onocko-Campos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Services

Abstract Background Although matrix support seeks to promote integrating Primary Care with specialized mental health services in Brazil, little is known about the quantitative impact of this strategy on sharing cases between different levels of care. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with Primary Care registration of the mental health needs of patients treated at outpatient specialized services in a medium-sized city in Brazil with recent implementation of matrix support. Methods This is a document-based cross-sectional study conducted through an analysis of 1198 patients’ medical records. Crude and adjusted associations with the outcome were explored using logistic regression. Results The prevalence of cases registered in Primary Care was 40% (n = 479). Evidence was found for associations between the outcome and the patients being over 30 years old, and referral by emergency or hospital services. There was conversely an inverse association between the outcome and status as a patient from the Outpatient Clinic or from the Psychosocial Care Center for psychoactive substance misuse. Conclusions Even with the provision of mechanisms for network integration, such as matrix support, our results suggest that more groundwork is necessary to ensure that sharing cases between Primary Care and specialized services is effective.

scholarly journals Knowledge by Primary Care of mental health patients treated at outpatient specialized services: prevalence and associated factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto dos Santos Treichel ◽  
Ioannis Bakolis ◽  
Rosana Teresa Onocko Campos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Levels Of Care ◽  
Mental Health Patients ◽  
Specialized Services

Abstract Background Although matrix support seeks to promote the integration of Primary Care with specialized mental health services in Brazil, little is known about the quantitative impact of this strategy on the sharing of cases between different levels of care. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with knowledge by Primary Care of mental health patients treated at outpatient specialized services in a medium-sized city in Brazil with recent implementation of matrix support. Methods This is a document-based cross-sectional study, conducted through the analysis of 1198 patients’ medical records. Crude and adjusted associations with the outcome were explored using logistic regression. Results The prevalence of cases known by Primary Care was 40% (n = 479). Evidence was found for associations between the outcome and the patients being over 30 years old, and referral by emergency or hospital services. There was, conversely, an inverse association between the outcome and status as a patient from the Outpatient Clinic or from the Psychosocial Care Center for psychoactive substance misuse. Conclusions Even with the provision of mechanisms for network integration, such as matrix support, our results suggest that more groundwork is necessary to ensure that the sharing of cases between Primary Care and specialized services is effective.

scholarly journals Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Zhongyao Li ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez ◽  
Karen E. Peterson ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.

scholarly journals Violência de gênero, viés social e drogas

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ferreira de Almeida Piuchi ◽  
Claudia Barleta ◽  
Juliana Monte Real
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
High Level

Objetivo: analisar a violência de gênero sofrida pelas mulheres usuárias do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, de corte transversal, com 30 mulheres atendidas pelo CAPS AD, que estavam ativas no sistema Registro das Ações Ambulatoriais de Saúde e responderam a um questionário estruturado. Analisaram-se os dados empregando a estatística não paramétrica. Resultados: apresenta-se, pelas mulheres pesquisadas, índice de violência elevada em relação à média nacional. Detalha-se que os fatores que apareceram como agravantes foram raça/cor, escolaridade e moradia, as maiores vítimas: mulheres negras e de escolaridade baixa. Conclusão: agrava-se, pelos fatores sociais, a violência praticada contra as mulheres pesquisadas. Mostra-se, para os agravantes, a necessidade de se incluir discussões nas políticas de combate à violência. Revela-se que o número de denúncia é baixo, assim como a procura por serviços de saúde. Descritores: Violência de Gênero; Saúde mental; Uso de Drogas; CAPS AD; Saúde Pública; Violência contra Mulheres.AbstractObjective: to analyze the gender violence suffered by women, users of the Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study of 30 women treated at CAPS AD, who were active in the Outpatient Health Actions Registry system and answered a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using nonparametric statistics. Results: the surveyed women presented a high level of violence in relation to the national average. It is noted that the factors that appeared as aggravating factors were race / color, education and housing, the biggest victims: black women and low education. Conclusion: the violence against women surveyed is aggravated by social factors. For the aggravating factors, the need to include discussions in the policies to combat violence is shown. The number of complaints is low, as is the demand for health services. Descriptors: Gender Violence; Mental Health; Drug Use; CAPS AD; Public Health; Violence Against Women.ResumenObjetivo: analizar la violencia de género que sufren las mujeres usuarias del Centro de Atención Psicosocial de Alcohol y Drogas. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal con 30 mujeres atendidas por CAPS AD, que estaban activas en el sistema de Registro de Acciones de Salud Ambulatoria y respondieron un cuestionario estructurado. Los datos se analizaron mediante la estadística no paramétrica. Resultados: las mujeres encuestadas presentaron un alto nivel de violencia en relación con el promedio nacional. Cabe señalar que los factores que aparecieron como factores agravantes fueron la raza / color, la educación y la vivienda, las principales víctimas: las mujeres negras y de baja educación. Conclusión: la violencia contra las mujeres encuestadas se ve agravada por factores sociales. Para los factores agravantes, se muestra la necesidad de incluir discusiones en las políticas para combatir la violencia. El número de quejas es bajo, al igual que la demanda de servicios de salud. Descriptores: Violencia de Género; Salud Mental; Uso de Drogas; CAPS AD; Salud Pública; Violencia Contra la Mujer.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome in Patients of a Psychosocial Care Center in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandara Almeida Reis da Almeida Reis da Silva ◽  
Ludmila Santana de Almeida ◽  
Livia Lugarinho Correa ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll Pimentel ◽  
Antonio Marcos Tosoli Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Adult Treatment Panel ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with a greater risk of morbimortality. Ob-jective: To estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and associated factors in patients of a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) in the city of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study set at CAPS in the city of Salvador-Bahia, between August 2019 and February 2020. MS was evaluated according to the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III. In addition to descriptive statistics, gross and adjusted prevalence ratios were described. Results: MS was found in 100 (35.2%) individuals, 116 (40.9%) were obese and 165 (58.1%) had increased waist circumference. Polypharmacy was identified in 63 (22.3%) patients and 243 (85.9%) used antipsychotics. In the gross evaluation, the female (PR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.35-2.63) and the use of antidepressants (PR = 1.41; 95%CI: 1.05-1.88) were associated with MS. After logistic re-gression, depression (PR = 1.86; 95%CI: 1.38-2.51), acanthosis (PR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.18 - 1.90), use of antipsychotics (PR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.13 - 2.75) and the hypertriglyceremic waist (PR = 3.33; 95%CI: 2.48- 4.46) were associated with MS. Conclusion: The prevalence of MS alerts to multimorbidity among individuals with mental disorders and the need for clinical screening.

Effect of position on intracranial pressure and compliance: a cross-sectional study including 101 patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Linda D’Antona ◽  
Claudia Louise Craven ◽  
Fion Bremner ◽  
Manjit Singh Matharu ◽  
Lewis Thorne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Icp Monitoring ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Csf Dynamics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intracranial Compliance

OBJECTIVE A better understanding of the effect of position on intracranial pressure (ICP) and compliance is important for the development of treatment strategies that can restore normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. There is limited knowledge on the effect of position on intracranial compliance. In this cross-sectional study the authors tested the association of pulse amplitude (PA) with position and the day/night cycle. Additionally, they describe the postural ICP and PA changes of patients with “normal” ICP dynamics. METHODS This single-center retrospective study included patients with suspected and/or confirmed CSF dynamics abnormalities who had been examined with elective 24-hour ICP monitoring between October 2017 and September 2019. Patients had been enrolled in a short exercise battery including four positions: supine, lumbar puncture position in the left lateral decubitus position, sitting, and standing. Each position was maintained for 2 minutes, and mean ICP and PA were calculated for each position. The 24-hour day and night median ICP and PA data were also collected. Linear regression models were used to test the correlation of PA with position and day/night cycle. All linear regressions were corrected for confounders. The postural ICP monitoring results of patients without obvious ICP dynamics abnormality were summarized. RESULTS One hundred one patients (24 males and 77 females) with a mean age of 39 ± 13years (mean ± standard deviation) were included in the study. The adjusted linear regression models demonstrated a significant association of ICP with position and day/night cycle, with upright (sitting and standing) and day ICP values lower than supine and night ICP values. The adjusted linear regression model was also significant for the association of PA with position and day/night cycle, with upright and day PA values higher than supine and night PA results. These associations were confirmed for patients with and without shunts. Patients without clear ICP dynamics abnormality had tighter control of their postural ICP changes than the other patients; however, the difference among groups was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study investigating the effect of postural changes on intracranial compliance. The results of this study suggest that PA, as well as ICP, is significantly associated with posture, increasing in upright positions compared to that while supine. Further studies will be needed to investigate the mechanism behind this association.

scholarly journals Perfil de pacientes atendidos em um centro de atenção psicossocial

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Amaral Oliveira Rodrigues ◽  
Natália Hiany Fonseca Santos ◽  
Samara Frantheisca Almeida Barbosa ◽  
Diego Dias de Araújo ◽  
Ricardo Otávio Maia Gusmão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Levels Of Care ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Sociodemographic Profile ◽  
Program Version

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos pacientes atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e documental, com prontuários de usuários em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Coletaram-se os dados em dezembro de 2017 e janeiro de 2018, organizando-os em um banco de dados do Programa SPSS, versão 20.0. Resultados: verificou-se, quanto ao perfil sociodemográfico, que a maioria dos usuários era do sexo feminino; solteira; com idade média de 36 anos; com Ensino Fundamental incompleto; não trabalhava; não tinha filhos; possuía cuidador/acompanhante. Observou-se, em relação ao perfil clínico, que a maioria esteve em tratamento semi-intensivo; teve alguma internação psiquiátrica; apresentou diagnóstico de esquizofrenia e depressão. Conclusão: considerou-se que conhecer o perfil desses usuários poderá auxiliar gestores e equipes de Saúde Mental no planejamento de políticas locais e de ações de saúde nos diversos níveis de atenção por possibilitar o fortalecimento das relações intersetoriais, visto que o cuidado em Saúde Mental deve ser de corresponsabilidade dos setores de Saúde, Assistência Social, Justiça e Educação. Descritores: Saúde Mental; Epidemiologia; Transtornos Mentais; Humanização da Assistência; Serviços de Saúde Mental; Psicanálise.AbstractObjective: to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients treated at a Psychosocial Care Center. Method: this is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and documentary study, with medical records of users in a Psychosocial Care Center. Data was collected in December 2017 and January 2018 and organized into a database of the SPSS Program, version 20.0. Results: it was found, regarding the sociodemographic profile, that the majority of users were female; single; with average age of 36 years; with incomplete elementary school; didn't work; I had no children; had caregiver / companion. Regarding the clinical profile, most of them were in semi-intensive treatment; had any psychiatric hospitalization; presented diagnosis of schizophrenia and depression. Conclusion: it was considered that knowing the profile of these users can help managers and teams of Mental Health in the planning of local policies and health actions at various levels of care by enabling the strengthening of intersectoral relationships, since Mental Health care should be co-responsible for the Health, Social Welfare, Justice and Education sectors. Descriptors: Mental Health; Epidemiology; Mental Disorders; Humanization of Assistance; Mental Health Services; Psychoanalysis.ResumenObjetivo: caracterizar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de los pacientes tratados en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y documental, con registros médicos de usuarios en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial. Los datos se recopilaron en diciembre de 2017 y enero de 2018, y se organizaron en una base de datos del Programa SPSS, versión 20.0. Resultados: se encontró en cuanto al perfil sociodemográfico, que la mayoría de los usuarios eran mujeres; solteros; con edad promedio de 36 años; con escuela primaria incompleta; no funcionó; no tenía hijos; tenía cuidador / acompañante. En cuanto al perfil clínico, la mayoría estuvo bajo tratamiento semi-intensivo; tuvo alguna hospitalización psiquiátrica; presentó diagnóstico de esquizofrenia y depresión. Conclusión: se consideró que conocer el perfil de estos usuarios puede ayudar a los gerentes y equipos de Salud Mental en la planificación de políticas locales y acciones de salud en los diversos niveles de atención al permitir el fortalecimiento de las relaciones intersectoriales, ya que la atención de Salud Mental debería ser corresponsable de los sectores de salud; asistencia social; justicia y educación. Descriptores: Salud Mental; Epidemiología Trastornos Mentales; Humanización de la Atención; Servicios de Salud Mental; Psicoanálisis.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Factors and Depressive Symptoms Among Cardiac Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Larysz ◽  
Izabella Uchmanowicz
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Education ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The nursing profession is predisposed toward depressed mood and depressive symptoms. The multidirectionality and intensity of stressors in the nurses' occupational environment are of great significance in this respect. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of selected sociodemographic factors on depressive symptoms among cardiac nurses.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 336 cardiac nurses (302 women and 34 men) and was conducted between December 2019 and September 2020 in four hospital cardiac units in Wroclaw, Poland. Sociodemographic data were collected using a self-developed survey. The following standardized instruments were used for the study outcomes: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).Results: The study among cardiac nurses showed mild depression in 11.61%, moderate depression in 5.06%, and severe depression in 2.68%. Linear regression models showed that significant (p < 0.05) predictors of the PHQ-9 score included (1) higher occupational education (bachelor's degree), graduation “only” from medical high school or “other” education; (2) work experience of 16–20 years; (3) living in a relationship; (4) living in a rural area. Linear regression models showed that significant (p < 0.05) predictors of the BDI score included (1) higher occupational education (bachelor's degree); (2) graduation “only” from medical high school or “other” education; (3) living in a relationship.Conclusions: Depressive symptoms are a significant problem among Polish cardiac nurses. The prevalence of depressive symptoms is affected by the education level, employment form, marital status, and place of residence.

scholarly journals Loneliness, mental health and COVID-19 in the Spanish population

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Berta Ausín ◽  
Clara González-Sanguino ◽  
Miguel Ángel Castellanos ◽  
Jesús Saiz ◽  
Carolina Ugidos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Data

The study aim was to assess the effects of the health emergency and the stay-at-home restrictions on loneliness variables in the Spanish population during the initial stage of COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey of 3480 people. From March 14, 2020, screening tests were used to evaluate sociodemographic and COVID-19-related data on loneliness, social support, the presence of mental health symptoms, discrimination, and spiritual well-being. Descriptive analyses were conducted and linear regression models were constructed. A negative association was found between loneliness and being older, being partnered, having children, being a university graduate, being retired or still working, having stronger religious beliefs, believing that information provided about the pandemic was adequate, having social support, and having self-compassion. Actions that promote social support and further studies on loneliness in groups of older people are needed to prevent the pandemic having a stronger impact on mental health and well-being.

scholarly journals Depression, stress and anxiety in medical students: A cross-sectional comparison between students from different semesters

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Lúcia Damásio Moutinho ◽  
◽  
Natalia de Castro Pecci Maddalena ◽  
Ronald Kleinsorge Roland ◽  
Alessandra Lamas Granero Lucchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Chi Squared

Summary Objective: To compare the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress in medical students from all semesters of a Brazilian medical school and assess their respective associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional study of students from the twelve semesters of a Brazilian medical school was carried out. Students filled out a questionnaire including sociodemographics, religiosity (DUREL - Duke Religion Index), and mental health (DASS-21 - Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale). The students were compared for mental health variables (Chi-squared/ANOVA). Linear regression models were employed to assess factors associated with DASS-21 scores. Results: 761 (75.4%) students answered the questionnaire; 34.6% reported depressive symptomatology, 37.2% showed anxiety symptoms, and 47.1% stress symptoms. Significant differences were found for: anxiety - ANOVA: [F = 2.536, p=0.004] between first and tenth (p=0.048) and first and eleventh (p=0.025) semesters; depression - ANOVA: [F = 2.410, p=0.006] between first and second semesters (p=0.045); and stress - ANOVA: [F = 2.968, p=0.001] between seventh and twelfth (p=0.044), tenth and twelfth (p=0.011), and eleventh and twelfth (p=0.001) semesters. The following factors were associated with (a) stress: female gender, anxiety, and depression; (b) depression: female gender, intrinsic religiosity, anxiety, and stress; and (c) anxiety: course semester, depression, and stress. Conclusion: Our findings revealed high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in medical students, with marked differences among course semesters. Gender and religiosity appeared to influence the mental health of the medical students.

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