scholarly journals Difficulties and motivations for physical exercise in women older than 65 years. A qualitative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda López-Benavente ◽  
José Arnau-Sánchez ◽  
Tania Ros-Sánchez ◽  
Mª Beatriz Lidón-Cerezuela ◽  
Araceli Serrano-Noguera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify difficulties and motivations for the practice of physical exercise in women older than 65 years. Method: qualitative study based on the phenomenological theory, with focus groups and in-depth interviews. The nursing staff selected 15 women by intentional sampling using the following criteria: age, time dedicated to physical exercise, independence, and absence of cognitive impairment and contraindication for this activity. Two focus groups were formed (one of them did physical exercise for less than 150 minutes per week and the other at least 150 minutes per week) in addition to conducting five in-depth interviews. Qualitative analysis of the data was performed through transcription, coding, categorization, and verification of results. Results: the difficulties to start and develop physical exercise were circumscribed to the perception of poor health and lack of free time; both circumstances result from care obligation, being represented as a gender imposition. However, the motivations are related to perception of strength, need for socialization, and perception of autonomy and freedom. Conclusions: the ideological representation of gender determines the women’s decision to exercise. Knowing the meaning and significance that women give to health and their role in the socio-family environment allows nurses to develop relationships and interventions to encourage the practice of physical exercise.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study to Explore Ways to Observe Results of Engaging Activities in Clients with Dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ogawa ◽  
Seiji Nishida ◽  
Haruna Shirai
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Severity Of Dementia ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background. Many occupational therapists face the challenge of helping clients with dementia to select and perform meaningful occupations, which may be difficult due to cognitive impairment. Understanding tacit knowledge of well-experienced occupational therapists could positively affect occupational therapy practice for clients with dementia. Objectives of Study. To explore the observations of experienced occupational therapists when evaluating the effects of activities in clients with dementia. Methods. Ten occupational therapists with over 10 years of clinical experience participated in this qualitative study. In-depth interviews were conducted to ask the question, “What do you observe in clients with dementia when you assess the effectiveness of activities among these clients?” Findings. From 47 cases, we found five major themes and 18 subthemes. Main themes were “engaging activity,” “emotional expression during activity,” “verbal expression during activity,” “social interaction through activity,” and “something obtained as outcome of activity.” Relevance to Clinical Practice. The 18 subthemes could be used as viewpoints to observe engagements of activity in clients with dementia. Limitations and Recommendations for Further Research. Future studies could examine which viewpoints were utilized for each type of activity and/or severity of dementia as this was not investigated in the current study.

scholarly journals Perceptions of eating practices and physical activity among Malaysian adolescents in secondary schools: a qualitative study with multi-stakeholders

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shooka Mohammadi ◽  
Tin Tin Su ◽  
Angeliki Papadaki ◽  
Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin ◽  
Maznah Dahlui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
School Based ◽  
Adolescent Participation ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Malaysian Adolescents

Abstract Objective: To conduct formative research using qualitative methods among stakeholders of secondary schools to explore their perceptions, barriers and facilitators related to healthy eating and physical activity (PA) among Malaysian adolescents. Design: A qualitative study involving eight focus groups and twelve in-depth interviews. Focus groups and interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data. Setting: Four secondary schools in Perak and Selangor states (two urban and two rural schools) in Malaysia. Participants: Focus groups were conducted with seventy-six adolescents aged 13–14 years, and in-depth interviews were conducted with four headmasters, four PA education teachers and four food canteen operators. Results: Stakeholders thought that adolescents’ misperceptions, limited availability of healthy options, unhealthy food preferences and affordability were important challenges preventing healthy eating at school. Low-quality physical education (PE) classes, limited adolescent participation and teachers’ commitment during lessons were perceived as barriers to adolescents being active at school. Affordability was the main challenge for adolescents from rural schools. Stakeholders perceived that a future school-based intervention should improve the availability and subsidies for healthy foods, provide health education/training for both adolescents and PE teachers, enhance active adolescent participation in PE and develop social support mechanisms to facilitate engagement with PA. Conclusions: These findings provide important insights into developing school-based lifestyle interventions to improve healthy eating and strengthening PA of Malaysian adolescents.

McDonald's "Empirical Look at Becoming Vegan"

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel MacNair
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
American Population ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Resource Group ◽  
Qualitative Work ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractMcDonald (2000) offers insights from in-depth interviews with twelve long-term vegans. I have done similar qualitative work with two focus groups, and I have done a quantitative survey with 385 respondents recruited through vegetarian channels (MacNair, 1998). Several points McDonald made can be confirmed or expanded upon from these studies, and there are other important considerations in the investigation of becoming vegetarian or vegan. As McDonald says, the current literature on becoming vegetarian or vegan is scant. One addition is recent figures on the percentage of the American population that is vegetarian. A Zogby Poll (Vegetarian Resource Group, 2000) shows that 2.5% of Americans - the vegetarians - never eat meat, poultry, or fish. Nine of the 968 polled - the vegans - also eat no dairy, eggs, or animal products. My findings were similar to McDonald's on the importance of reading vegan materials to maintain a vegan lifestyle. Similarly, my focus groups' remarks echoed the travails of persuading others and finding social support. The interplay of emotion and logic is also echoed, with some people starting with one and including the other. The survey (MacNair, 1998) suggested that those who became vegetarian because of animal concerns were more likely to answer that their initial impetus had been emotional. When health concerns were the beginning motivation, they were more likely to answer that they had used logic.

scholarly journals Paramedics's perspectives on hospital transfers of nursing home residents - a qualitative focus group study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Pulst ◽  
Alexander Maximilian Fassmer ◽  
Falk Hoffmann ◽  
Guido Schmiemann
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Point Of View

Abstract Background: Emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions are common among nursing home residents (NHRs). These transfers are often considered avoidable and can have negative effects on residents’ health status. Emergency medical services (EMS) are an important linking profession between nursing homes (NHs) and hospitals and responsible for transports. So far, little is known about the perspectives of paramedics in this context. The aim of this qualitative study is to explore how paramedics experience hospital transfer process of NHRs and how hospitalizations could be avoided from their point of view. Methods: A qualitative study with three focus groups was conducted with paramedics. The focus groups followed a semi-structured question guide focusing on issues during transfer process, avoidable hospital transfers and potential interventions which might reduce transfers from NHs. Discussions were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed by content analysis using the software MAXQDA. Results: In total, 18 paramedics (mean age: 33 years, male n=14) participated in the focus groups. Paramedics mainly reported about perceived structural reasons (e.g. understaffing or lack of time) in NHs which led to initiation of an emergency call. Paramedics were often faced with poorly organized handovers because of lacking or incomplete information. In many cases, nursing staff was perceived as insufficiently qualified and not well-prepared regarding health status of NHRs. Throughout transfer process, the behavior of all involved professional groups (dispatcher/ambulance control center, nurses, physicians and paramedics) was influenced by legal uncertainties. Paramedics rated hospital transfers as avoidable in case of urinary catheter complications, exsiccosis/infections and partially in case of falls. Emergency standards in NHs, trainings for nursing staff, improvement of working conditions and legal conditions were discussed as potential interventions which could reduce hospital transfers of NHRs. Conclusion: Paramedics are faced with complex issues when transporting a NHR to hospital. According to their point of view staff shortage and legal uncertainties play a relevant role in transfer decisions. Interventions reducing (avoidable) hospital transfers of NHRs have to take these factors into account. Keywords: nursing home residents, hospitalization, hospital admission, patient transfer, referral, transition, emergency department, emergency medical services, decision making, advance care planning

Barriers and Facilitators for the Practice of Physical Exercise in Patients With Spondyloarthritis: Qualitative Study of Focus Groups (EJES-3D)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Curbelo Rodríguez ◽  
Pedro Zarco Montejo ◽  
Raquel Almodóvar González ◽  
Mariano Flórez García ◽  
Loreto Carmona Ortells
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators

scholarly journals A Preliminary Qualitative Study of Two Common Acacia Species in Sudan

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ahmed Jacknoon ◽  
Esam. A. Elhefian ◽  
Adam Musa Mohammed ◽  
Omer Abdalla Ahmed Hamdi ◽  
Abdul Hamid Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Acacia Species ◽  
Acacia Seyal

This research is dealing with the analysis of tannins of two common Acacia species of Sudan i.e.Acacia niloticaandAcacia seyal. Bark samples from collections of the two acacia species were extracted with distilled water, 80% methanol and 70% acetone. Two sets of extraction were made, one by boiling, and the other by shaking the samples in the respective solvent for eight hours at room temperature. It was found that the 70% acetone was a more efficient solvent than either water or 80% methanol. In addition, qualitative analysis of the phytochemicals showed that the fruits (garad) contain tannins materials, flavonoids and coumarins.

scholarly journals How people bereaved by suicide perceive newspaper reporting: qualitative study

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Chapple ◽  
Sue Ziebland ◽  
Sue Simkin ◽  
Keith Hawton
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Media Reporting ◽  
The Press ◽  
Newspaper Reporting ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Accurate Reporting

BackgroundPeople bereaved by suicide are often reported to be distressed by media reporting. Current media guidelines for reporting suicide focus especially on prevention of copycat behaviour.AimsTo explore bereaved individuals' experiences of media reporting after suicide and to examine their priorities in relation to media guidelines.MethodIn-depth interviews with 40 people bereaved by suicide, with qualitative analysis. Review of four guidelines.ResultsThere is a difference of emphasis between guidance for the press that aims to prevent copycat suicides (especially avoidance of details such as method used) and the perspectives of bereaved people (who prioritise sympathetic and accurate reporting, sometimes including details of the death and images of the person who died). We found that bereaved relatives were sometimes keen to talk to the press. Those who were upset by the press focused on careless reporting, misquoting and speculation that gave an inaccurate impression of the death.ConclusionsThe Leveson Inquiry has drawn attention to the damage that can be caused by irresponsible journalism. Guidelines written to prevent ‘copycat’ suicides are important, but so are the needs of bereaved relatives. Because accuracy matters greatly to the bereaved, families should be able to work with an intermediary such as a police press officer to prepare a statement for the press to minimise the risk of misrepresentation.

Employer perceptions of self-initiated expatriate employability in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Makkonen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Employer Perceptions ◽  
Employer Perspective ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer an employer perceptive on the employability of self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) by contrasting SIEs with other identified staffing groups available for the staffing of MNC subsidiaries in China. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative study is based on in-depth interviews with 24 Westerners with direct staffing responsibilities in subsidiaries of western MNCs located in China. The employability of each identified staffing group was assessed using the person-to-environment fit approach from four-fit perspectives (person-to-job and to-group, organisation and cultural context). Findings – The study revealed how from the employer perspective SIEs do not form a heterogeneous group, but instead there are two groups with different fit profiles. The study illustrates how western SIEs are an uncommon and under-used staffing group in cross-cultural staffing settings in China due to their low employability in comparison to alternative staffing groups. The study also revealed the prevalent bipolarity (the Westerners vs the Chinese) and heterogeneity within the identified staffing groups. Research limitations/implications – The study recognises the lack of employer perspective in SIE literature and also that SIEs are an under-represented group in the staffing literature. Practical implications – The findings help explain how MNC staffing is culturally bound and how the staffing process should incorporate more than just an assessment of job-related qualifications. The findings also help explain the challenges SIEs can experience in cross-cultural career settings. Originality/value – The study is one of the first to provide an employer perspective on SIE careers and contrast SIEs to the other alternative staffing groups available to MNC subsidiaries in China.

scholarly journals Motivators of Participation and Non-Participation in Youth Environmental Protests

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah R. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Outright Rejection ◽  
Change Mitigation

This paper is an exploratory study investigating motivators of teenagers to both attend and not attend a climate change related protest event. Using open-ended surveys and focus groups, 16–19-year-old Australian students were asked about their motivators to attend and abstain from School Strike 4 Climate events. Through qualitative analysis and thematic coding, results show key motivators to attend a Strike include climate change and acts of political participation that provide youth with a public voice. Protest is positioned as a key part of teen political repertoires. Reasons for non-attendance included prioritizing schoolwork and low efficacy in protest or participatory action. However, low efficacy in climate change mitigation, or an outright rejection of climate science, was not evident in this sample. Overall, reasons for attendance and non-attendance at a Strike event were not direct mirror images of the other, and implications for inclusion of non-participants in further studies is discussed in this light.

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