scholarly journals Breeding and reproductive behaviour of the neo-tropical opossum, Didelphis marsupialis insularis, Allen 1902 under captive conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tardieu ◽  
G. W. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Breeding Behaviour ◽  
Management And Conservation

Abstract Developing a captive breeding system for the widely hunted Caribbean species of opossum Didelphis marsupialis insularis can greatly aide in the management and conservation of this species in the neo-tropics. Although this species possesses ideal traits for captive breeding in this region (tolerance to high heat and humidity, high reproductive rate, and resistance to disease), challenges due to its aggressive behaviour and limited information on its breeding behaviour have prevented a system from being developed for this species. The present study describes a breeding system, and the reproductive behaviour of this species under captive conditions. Six (1 male; 5 females) adult opossums were maintained and managed for breeding over a ten (10) month period. Pouch litter sizes averaged 5±2.5 with a range of 2 to 8. Gestation length was found to be 13.25±0.96 days and 4 litters (n=23) were successfully weaned at 11-13 weeks. It was found that the male D. m. insularis exhibits behaviours of interest that can serve as indicators for receptivity of the female, and overall, that this species can be successfully reared and bred under captive conditions in the neo-tropics.

scholarly journals Successful captive breeding of a Malayan pangolin population to the third filial generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingyu Yan ◽  
Xiangyan Zeng ◽  
Miaomiao Jia ◽  
Xiaobing Guo ◽  
Siwei Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Reproduction Strategy ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Filial Generation ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Successful Weaning ◽  
Manis Javanica

AbstractPangolins are threatened placental mammals distributed in Africa and Asia. Many efforts have been undertaken in the last century to maintain pangolins in captivity, but only a few of them succeeded in maintaining and keeping this species in a controlled environment. This study reports the first systematic breeding of the Critically Endangered Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica) in captivity. Our captive breeding approach successfully improved the reproductive rate for both wild and captive-born female pangolins. From 2016 to 2020, we had 33 wild pangolins and produced 49 captive-born offspring spanning three filial generations. The female offspring further bred 18 offspring, of which 14 (78%) were conceived during the first time of cohabitation with males, and four offspring were conceived during the second cohabitation event, suggesting that they may practice copulation-induced ovulation. We observed that captive-born female pangolins could reach sexual maturity at 7–9 months (n = 4), and male pangolins could mate and successfully fertilise females at nine months age (n = 1). We also observed a female pangolin conceiving on the eighth day after parturition (the fifth day after the death of its pup). Our captive pangolins had a female-biased sex ratio of 1:0.5 at birth, unlike other known captive-born mammals. Also, captive-born pangolins were generally more viable after successful weaning and had a similar gestation length (~185 days) to wild pangolins. Most importantly, we report the first self-sustaining captive population of Malayan pangolins, and this species has an efficient reproduction strategy. These advances provide more comprehensive information for people to understand pangolins, and have implications for conserving endangered Malayan pangolins and providing scientific guidance to the management of other pangolin species.

Oestrous cycle and gestation length in the musky rat-kangaroo, Hypsiprymnodon moschatus (Potoroidae : Marsupialia)

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Male And Female

Wild-caught male and female H. moschatus were maintained in a captive breeding colony. Vaginal smears were taken three times a week until oestrous cycles were detected and gestation lengths approximated. Thereafter, smears were usually taken daily when oestrus was expected. The gestation period (considered to be the number of days from the detection of sperm in the smear until the day young were found in the pouch) was found to last 19 days. Sperm were usually detected in the smear two days before the influx of semi-cornified and cornified epithelial cells, which occurred 17 days before parturition. A pre- or post-partum oestrus was not detected and females did not return to oestrus until at least 6 days after the removal of the last pouch young. H. moschatus has the shortest recorded gestation for any macropod, and gestation occupies approximately 75% of the oestrous cycle. The reproductive physiology of H. moschatus is similar to that of most phalangerids, which may be indicative of a common ancestor.

scholarly journals Captive Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa breeding success: potential for bird conservation in Thailand?

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANEE ARCHAWARANON
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Conservation Problem ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Nest Materials

Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa is one of the most popular bird pets worldwide due to its ability to mimic diverse sounds, especially human speech. However, Mynahs have rarely been bred in captivity, so nestlings from natural populations are in large demand, resulting in many populations being threatened with extinction. Both subspecies in Thailand, intermedia and religiosa, are costly and desired in the pet market. Captive breeding is one of the most practical strategies to solve a conservation problem of this nature and this report describes a success in breeding Hill Mynahs in captivity. Mated pairs were given free access to food, nest-cavities and nest materials. Reproductive behaviour in captivity was not different from that in the wild, with the exception that breeding occurred throughout the year, even during the non-breeding season for wild populations. Although there are doubts concerning the reintroduction of captive-bred birds and whether successful Hill Mynah breeding in captivity is an economically competitive alternative to poaching, it ensures species survival in captivity as the risk of extinction increases.

scholarly journals Detection of infectious bronchitis-like virus isolated from psittacines at breeding facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganita Kurniasih Suryaman ◽  
Retno Damajanti Soejoedono ◽  
Okti Nadia Poetri ◽  
Agus Setiyono ◽  
EKOWATI HANDHARYANI
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Abstract. Suryaman GK, Soejoedono RD, Poetri ON, Setiyono A, Handharyani E. 2021. Detection of infectious bronchitis-like virus isolated from psittacines at breeding facilities. Biodiversitas 22: 4261-4265. Captive breeding of parrots has been carried out in Indonesia to fulfill market demand for pets and support conservation efforts. However, there is limited information about Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in captive parrots. Therefore, this study examines IBV virus in psittacines and observes the pathological changes in inoculated chicken embryos. Cloacal swabs were obtained from 31 psittacine birds consisting of 15 sulfur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua sulphurea), 10 palm cockatoos (Probosciger aterrimus), two blue and yellow macaws (Ara ararauna), two green-winged macaws (Ara chloropterus), and two scarlet macaws (Ara macao). Swabs were also injected for 9 days to obtain specific pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs, and allantoic fluids were collected after 7 days. The residual cloacal swabs and allantoic fluid samples were tested for IBV by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting spike 1 glycoprotein (S1) and nucleoprotein (N) gene by primer set XCE2+/XCE2- and IBVN+/IBVN-, while the harvested inoculated embryos were examined for histopathological lesions by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Three and one allantoic fluid of C. sulphurea and P. aterrimus respectively were found positive for IBV by primer set IBVN+IBVN-. However, there was no significant difference in the inoculated embryo's gross anatomy, and the slight histopathological changes observed were not caused by the virus. Therefore, it is unclear whether the IB-like virus causes clinical disease manifestation in both Psittacine species or the chicken embryo. This is the first study carried out on IB-like viruses for both species.

Biology, Management, and Conservation of Lampreys in North America

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Pacific Lamprey ◽  
Brook Lamprey ◽  
River Lamprey ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Management And Conservation

<em>Abstract</em>.—Lampreys are among the least studied group of fishes in California. At least seven species inhabit freshwater habitats within the state, including the Kern brook lamprey <em>Lampetra hubbsi</em>, a California endemic. Four species are micropredators on fish, Pacific lamprey <em>Entosphenus tridentatus</em> (formerly <em>L. tridentata</em>), river lamprey <em>L. ayresii</em>, Klamath lamprey <em>E. similis</em> (formerly <em>L. similis</em>) and Goose Lake lamprey <em>Entosphenus</em> sp. The remaining three species are nonfeeding as adults and are presumed to have many populations isolated from one another. Pacific lamprey and river lamprey are anadromous and may have increased diversity through multiple runs. A systematic analysis of the limited information available indicates that, with the possible exception of the Pit-Klamath brook lamprey <em>E. lethophagus</em> (formerly <em>L. lethophaga</em>), all species are either declining, in low numbers, or in isolated populations. Causes of the declines are multiple and species-specific, but in general, alteration of watersheds by humans, resulting in increased siltation, temperatures and pollution, as well as other habitat changes are the principal causes. Protecting lampreys has the benefit of protecting stream ecosystems throughout the state because of the wide historic presence of lampreys and because ammocoetes require clean, cool water and relatively complex habitat, including stable backwaters.

Reproductive cycle, nutrition and growth of captive blue spotted stingray, Dasyatis kuhlii (Dasyatidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Janse ◽  
Johan W. Schrama
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
The Relationship

At Burgers' Ocean 7 male and 3 female blue spotted stingrays, Dasyatis kuhlii were born over a period of 4.5 years. This paper describes the experiences of the captive breeding results of this species. The first two young died within 2 days of birth. One of them had an internal yolk sac, which may feed the young in the first few days. The other eight animals started to feed after 4 to 9 days on a variety of food types. Birth size of the young increased with increasing age of the parents. Mating occurred directly after parturition, so no seasonality could be defined. Gestation length ranged between 138 and 169 days, with a mean of 144.9±9.0 days (N = 11). Litter size was one, possibly caused by only one active ovarium. Sexual maturity of the two parent animals is approximately 3.5 years. The average feeding rations for the adults ranged between 10.1% BW week−1 (131 kcal kg BW−1 week−1) and 11.3% BW week−1 (172 kcal kg BW−1 week−1), with a feeding frequency of 4 times per week. The relationship between body weight (BW) and wingspan (WS) is given as BW = 3.6 × 10−5* WS2.940 (R2 = 0.9645; N = 45).

A comparison of chopped/un-chopped big bale silage, pit silage and hay when offered with concentrates to twin bearing ewes

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 129-129
Author(s):  
T.F. Crosby ◽  
P.J. Quinn ◽  
J.J. Callan ◽  
B. Flynn ◽  
J.V. O'Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Terminal Sire

Big bale silage has become increasingly popular on many livestock farms in Ireland yet there is limited information on its use for sheep. The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of feeding chopped or unchopped big bale silage, pit silage and hay when supplemented with either a barley or a molassed sugar beet pulp based concentrate when fed to ewes in late pregnancy on feed intake, ewe weight and body condition score changes, gestation length, lamb birth weight and colostrum yield.Sixty four mature lowland cross ewes (8/treatment) were oestrus synchronised in October and mated to terminal sire breeds (Suffolk, Texel or Charollais). The ewes were housed, winter shorn and pregnancy scanned in December, following which twin bearing animals were allocated to a 4 x 2 factorial experiment and individually fed either un-chopped or chopped big bale silage which had been wilted for 36-48 hours as is usual for this type of forage, pit silage, which had been wilted for 18-24 hours or hay.

Changes in the reproductive behaviour of the endangered Newfoundland marten (Martes americana atrata): implications for captive breeding programs

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel P Heath ◽  
Donald W McKay ◽  
Mac O Pitcher ◽  
Anne E Storey
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Receptive Female ◽  
Martes Americana ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Captive Breeding Program ◽  
Behavioural Interactions ◽  
Captive Breeding Programs

Behavioural changes associated with reproduction were studied in captive Newfoundland martens (Martes americana atrata), an endangered species. Patterns of scent-marking and behavioural interactions were recorded before and after a male was introduced to two females. After introduction of the male, marking by the receptive female increased, whereas the nonreceptive female marked less and became less active. Activity and marking bouts were significantly correlated throughout the day for the male and the receptive female, and they often marked in the same locations. The male marked more frequently when the receptive female was active and the female's marking was often associated with behavioural interactions. These findings suggest a major female influence on male marking and activity and suggest that marking may facilitate social interaction. In the spring following this study, the receptive female successfully whelped a litter, the first to be conceived and born in this captive breeding program. The results of this study may help establish successful protocols for captive breeding programs, and thus aid efforts to conserve this endangered species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document