scholarly journals Identification of neck circumference cut-off points for insulin resistance as a marker in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Ribeiro da Cruz MELO ◽  
Márcia Ferreira Cândido de SOUZA ◽  
Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho BARRETO ◽  
Danielle Góes da SILVA ◽  
Ricardo Queiroz GURGEL
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective To identify cut-off points of neck circumference measurement to predict insulin resistance in adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional analysis with data derived from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents, nationwide, multicenter, school-based survey. We evaluated 901 adolescents, aged 12 to 17, from public and private schools in two cities of Sergipe state in Brazil. We measured demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data, and insulin resistance using Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance. We used multiple linear regression and logistic analysis to evaluate the association between dependent variables (biochemical) and independent variables (anthropometric) controlled by body mass index, age, gender, and Tanner’s stage. We used the Receiver operating characteristic curve to determine cut-off points of neck circumference that can identify insulin resistance. Results The multiple linear regression analysis showed a positive association between neck circumference measurement with fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (p<0.001) and a negative association with insulin (p<0.024). Furthermore, in logistic regression, the measurement of neck circumference was the only anthropometric indicator positively correlated with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. The cut-off points of neck circumference for predicting insulin resistance were: 30.55cm for female pubertal and 32.10cm for post-pubertal adolescents; 35.90cm for male pubertal adolescents and 36.65cm for post-pubertal adolescents. Conclusions The measurement of neck circumference is a simple, practical anthropometric indicator and can be used as a screening tool to identify insulin resistance in adolescents.

scholarly journals Association between the Time of Length since Smoking Cessation and Insulin Resistance in Asymptomatic Korean Male Ex-Smokers

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko-Woon Kim ◽  
Sung-Goo Kang ◽  
Sang-Wook Song ◽  
Na-Rae Kim ◽  
Jun-Seung Rho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Model Assessment

Aim.Smoking is a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus, mainly due to decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. However, there has been little research on the effects of smoking cessation period on changes in insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the relationships between the length of time since smoking cessation period and insulin resistance in asymptomatic Korean male ex-smokers.Methods.A total of 851 male adults were included in this study. We considered several factors that can affect insulin resistance, and through multiple linear regression analysis, we assessed the effect the length of time since smoking cessation on insulin resistance in ex-smokers. Insulin resistance was represented as the insulin resistance index estimated by homeostasis model assessment.Results. HOMA-IR values showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the length of time since smoking cessation (p=0.009) in ex-smokers. After performing multiple linear regression analysis using factors that could potentially influence insulin resistance, we found that waist circumference (p=0.026) and the length of time since smoking cessation (p=0.039) were independent predictors of HOMA-IR in asymptomatic male ex-smokers.Conclusion. The longer the smoking cessation period, the more the insulin resistance tended to decrease in asymptomatic Korean male ex-smokers.

scholarly journals Prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia and its association with prediabetes, dyslipidemia and subclinical inflammation markers among young healthy adults in Qatar

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasemin Al Shanableh ◽  
Yehia Y. Hussein ◽  
Abdul Haseeb Saidwali ◽  
Maryam Al-Mohannadi ◽  
Budoor Aljalham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Aim The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Qatar and to examine its association with changes in markers of dyslipidemia, prediabetes and subclinical inflammation. Methods A cross-sectional study of young adult participants aged 18 - 40 years old devoid of comorbidities collected between 2012 and 2017. Exposure was defined as uric acid level, and outcomes were defined as levels of different blood markers. De-identified data were collected from Qatar Biobank. T-tests, correlation tests and multiple linear regression were all used to investigate the effects of hyperuricemia on blood markers. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 16. Results The prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia is 21.2% among young adults in Qatar. Differences between hyperuricemic and normouricemic groups were observed using multiple linear regression analysis and found to be statistically and clinically significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking and exercise. Significant associations were found between uric acid level and HDL-c p = 0.019 (correlation coefficient -0.07 (95% CI [-0.14, -0.01]); c-peptide p = 0.018 (correlation coefficient 0.38 (95% CI [0.06, 0.69]) and monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) p = 0.026 (correlation coefficient 0.47 (95% CI [0.06, 0.89]). Conclusions Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is prevalent among young adults and associated with markers of prediabetes, dyslipidemia, and subclinical inflammation.

scholarly journals The association of circulating irisin with metabolic risk factors in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional community-based study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhi Tang ◽  
Yuzhen Tong ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Guilin Chen ◽  
Yun Cong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Abstract Background Irisin is a myokine that leads to increased energy expenditure by stimulating the browning of white adipose tissue. We aimed to investigate the association of serum irisin levels with metabolic parameters in middle aged Chinese population. Methods The study was based on a cross-sectional analysis of data from 524 nondiabetic subjects aged 40~65. All participants were recruited from a screening survey for Metabolic Syndrome in a community in Southwest China, including 294 subjects categorized as overweight (defined as BMI≧25 kg/m2 ) and 230 subjects as normal control (defined as 18.5≦BMI<25 kg/m2). Serum irisin concentration was quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship of irisin with metabolic factors was determined by Pearson correlation. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the association of irisin with insulin resistance. Logistic regression was performed to assess the association of irisin with odds of overweight. Results Serum irisin levels were significantly lower in nondiabetic overweight subjects compared with control (11.46 ± 4.11vs14.78 ± 7.03µg/mL, p = 0.02). Circulating irisin was positively correlated with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI, r = 0.178, p = 0.045) and triglycerides (r = 0.149, p = 0.022); while irisin was negatively correlated with waist circumference (WC, r = -0.185, p = 0.037), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, r = -0.176, p = 0.047), fasting insulin (r = -0.2, p = 0.024), serum creatinine (r = -0.243, p = 0.006), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, r = -0.189, p = 0.033). Multiple linear regression showed that irisin was inversely associated with HOMA-IR (β = -0.342 ± 0.154, p = 0.029). Higher irisin was associated with decreased odds of being overweight (OR = 0.281, β = -1.271, p = 0.024). Conclusions We found that serum irisin levels were lower in overweight subjects. Moreover, serum irisin levels were inversely correlated with adverse metabolic parameters including WC, WHR, creatinine, HOMA-IR and fasting insulin, suggesting that irisin may play a role in obesity related insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Distribution of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in Mexican children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Aradillas-García ◽  
Martha Rodríguez-Morán ◽  
María Eugenia Garay-Sevilla ◽  
Juan Manuel Malacara ◽  
Ramón Alberto Rascon-Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Mexican Children

ObjectiveSeveral cutoff points of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; varying from 2.5 to 4.0) have been suggested for diagnosing IR in youth. In this study, we determined the distribution of the HOMA-IR in Mexican children and adolescents.Design and methodsA total of 6132 children and adolescents from San Luis Potosi, León, Queretaro, and Durango, which are cities in central and northern Mexico, were enrolled in a population-based cross-sectional study. Eligible participants were apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. Pregnancy and the presence of chronic illnesses were exclusion criteria.ResultsA total of 3701 (60.3%) girls and 2431 (39.7%) boys were included in this study. In the overall population, the mean body mass index, insulin levels, and fasting glucose levels were 21.8±1.3 kg/m2, 7.1±3.2 μU/ml, and 86.2±10.0 mg/dl respectively. The concentrations of insulin and fasting glucose gradually increased from 6 to 12 years of age, whereas the concentrations tended to plateau in the 13- to 18-year-old population. The absolute mean of the HOMA-IR was 2.89±0.7. The HOMA-IR gradually increased with age and reached a plateau at 13 years of age.ConclusionsBecause the insulin concentrations, glucose levels, and HOMA-IR exhibited a gradual increase with age that was not related to obesity, our results suggested that the evaluation of IR in children should be based on percentiles of the HOMA-IR rather than a dichotomous value derived from a single cutoff point.

scholarly journals Role of circulating endothelial progenitors in responsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in hemodialysis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Ishimitsu ◽  
Hiroshi Satonaka ◽  
Masahito Furuichi ◽  
Yoshiki Murayama ◽  
Akihiro Tojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents

Abstract Background Though treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients has been improved remarkably by erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA), hypo-responsiveness to ESA poses a persistent problem in a subgroup of CKD patients, especially those on dialysis, with deteriorated mortality or cardiovascular risks. Pathomechanism of this condition including cardiovascular implications has not been sufficiently investigated. Methods Clinical parameters of 101 chronic hemodialysis patients which included those hospitalized in our university hospital were examined cross-sectionally. As a marker estimating ESA hypo-responsiveness, erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) was calculated. Numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) were measured by flow cytometry. Associations among values were analyzed by methods including multiple linear regression. Results Majority (93%) of the subjects were hospitalized patients with various comorbidities. ERI (18.4 [7.2–33.0] IU/week/kg/g/dL) and ESA dose (161.6 [75.0–320.9] IU/week/kg) of all the subjects were relatively high. Factors negatively correlated with EPC included age, HD vintage, CRP, pulse rate, ESA dose and ERI, while male sex and systolic blood pressure were positively correlated. By multiple linear regression analysis, age, sex and ERI (standardized coefficient beta − 0.202, p = 0.039) remained as the independently predicting factors of EPC (log CD133/Flk1+ EPC). Darbepoetin alpha was used in 65 patients, especially predominant when requiring higher ESA doses, but by correlation or multivariable analyses, this did not substantially modify the negative association between ERI and EPC. Conclusions ERI was independently associated with EPC paucity in a cohort with various comorbidities. This may suggest a link which connects ESA hypo-responsiveness to compromised cardiovascular prognosis of dialysis patients.

scholarly journals The Effect of Smoking and Respiration of Carbon Monoxide among Active Smokers in Palembang, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Januar Sitorus ◽  
Imelda Gernauli Purba ◽  
Merry Natalia ◽  
Kraichat Tantrakarnapa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Smoking leads to disease and disability as well as harm nearly every organ of the body. Furthermore, smoking of tobacco is known to cause pulmonary dysfunction and lead to complications, pain, or even death. This study aims to measure the risk factors for the respiration of carbon monoxide among smokers. A cross-sectional design was implemented by involving 156 smokers in Karyajaya Subdistrict, Palembang City. The dependent variable was carbon monoxide levels (ppm), while the independent variables were smoking frequency, duration, and the last period of smoking. The carbon monoxide levels (ppm) measured with a PiCO + Smokerlyzer® device from Bedfont Scientific Limited were the research tool and the independent variables of the questionnaire. The pearson Correlation and multiple linear regression were used for the analysis. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that smoking duration assessment is related to carbon monoxide respiration after controlling smoking frequency, the last period of smoking, and the distance of residence to sources of exposure. The smoker's respiration of carbon monoxide level was 72.5% influenced by the duration, frequency, last period of smoking, and distance of residence to sources of exposure. Reducing the frequency of smoking and stopping may prevent and control carbon monoxide respiration.

scholarly journals Can neck circumference predict insulin resistance in older people? A cross-sectional study at primary care in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Auxiliadora Nogueira Saad ◽  
Maria Luiza Garcia Rosa ◽  
Giovanna Balarini Lima ◽  
Rubens Antunes da Cruz Filho
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract: This study focused on the correlation between neck circumference and other anthropometric measurements and cardiovascular risk factors and insulin resistance in the elderly in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study in 411 patients seen in primary care. Anthropometric measurements including neck circumference, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were recorded. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) estimated the percentage of total body fat (%TBF). Insulin resistance was estimated by HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment IR index). The data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test and the correlation between numerical variables by Spearman’s test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to assess the anthropometric measurements’ predictive capacity to diagnosis insulin resistance. Neck circumference was positively correlated with WC, BMI, WHR, %TBF, and HOMA-IR in both sexes. In women, neck circumference showed higher AUC (area under the curve) for insulin resistance. In men, WC showed higher AUC, followed by BMI and neck circumference. The current study in Southeast Brazil suggests that neck circumference can predict insulin resistance, an important marker of cardiovascular risk in the elderly population treated in primary care.

scholarly journals Association between the Type of Workplace and Lung Function in Copper Miners

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Skoczyńska ◽  
Leszek Gruszczyński ◽  
Anna Wojakowska ◽  
Marek Ścieszka ◽  
Barbara Turczyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Data Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis

The aim of the analysis was to retrospectively assess changes in lung function in copper miners depending on the type of workplace. In the groups of 225 operators, 188 welders, and 475 representatives of other jobs, spirometry was performed at the start of employment and subsequently after 10, 20, and 25 years of work. Spirometry Longitudinal Data Analysis software was used to estimate changes in group means for FEV1and FVC. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess an association between workplace and lung function. Lung function assessed on the basis of calculation of longitudinal FEV1 (FVC) decline was similar in all studied groups. However, multiple linear regression model used in cross-sectional analysis revealed an association between workplace and lung function. In the group of welders, FEF75 was lower in comparison to operators and other miners as early as after 10 years of work. Simultaneously, in smoking welders, the FEV1/FVC ratio was lower than in nonsmokers (p< 0,05). The interactions between type of workplace and smoking (p< 0,05) in their effect on FVC, FEV1, PEF, and FEF50 were shown. Among underground working copper miners, the group of smoking welders is especially threatened by impairment of lung ventilatory function.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the link between blood cobalt concentrations and insulin resistance in adults without diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
Haobin Huang ◽  
Xiaowei He ◽  
Weiwei Duan ◽  
Xuming Mo
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cobalt Concentration ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Cobalt Exposure

Abstract Background Little is known about the effects of environmental cobalt exposure on insulin resistance (IR) in the general adult population. We investigated the association between cobalt concentration and IR. Methods A total of 1281 subjects aged more than 20 years with complete blood cobalt data were identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2016 cycle. Blood cobalt levels were analyzed for their association with IR among all populations and subgroups by sex. Regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of blood cobalt concentrations in association with fasting glucose, insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were estimated using multivariate linear regression after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, education level, and household income. A multivariate generalized linear regression analysis was further carried out to explore the association between cobalt exposure and IR. Results A negative association between blood cobalt concentration (coefficient = − 0.125, 95% CI − 0.234, − 0.015; P = 0.026) and HOMA-IR in female adults in the age- and sex-adjusted model was observed. However, no associations with HOMA-IR, fasting glucose, or insulin were found in the overall population. In the generalized linear models, participants with the lowest cobalt levels had a 2.74% (95% CI 0.04%, 5.50%) increase in HOMA-IR (P for trend = 0.031) compared with subjects with the highest cobalt levels. Restricted cubic spline regression suggested that a non-linear relationship may exist between blood cobalt and HOMA-IR. Conclusions These results provide epidemiological evidence that low levels of blood cobalt are negatively associated with HOMA-IR in female adults.

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