Distribution of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in Mexican children and adolescents

ObjectiveSeveral cutoff points of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; varying from 2.5 to 4.0) have been suggested for diagnosing IR in youth. In this study, we determined the distribution of the HOMA-IR in Mexican children and adolescents.Design and methodsA total of 6132 children and adolescents from San Luis Potosi, León, Queretaro, and Durango, which are cities in central and northern Mexico, were enrolled in a population-based cross-sectional study. Eligible participants were apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. Pregnancy and the presence of chronic illnesses were exclusion criteria.ResultsA total of 3701 (60.3%) girls and 2431 (39.7%) boys were included in this study. In the overall population, the mean body mass index, insulin levels, and fasting glucose levels were 21.8±1.3 kg/m2, 7.1±3.2 μU/ml, and 86.2±10.0 mg/dl respectively. The concentrations of insulin and fasting glucose gradually increased from 6 to 12 years of age, whereas the concentrations tended to plateau in the 13- to 18-year-old population. The absolute mean of the HOMA-IR was 2.89±0.7. The HOMA-IR gradually increased with age and reached a plateau at 13 years of age.ConclusionsBecause the insulin concentrations, glucose levels, and HOMA-IR exhibited a gradual increase with age that was not related to obesity, our results suggested that the evaluation of IR in children should be based on percentiles of the HOMA-IR rather than a dichotomous value derived from a single cutoff point.

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A Healthy Diet Is Not More Expensive than Less Healthy Options: Cost-Analysis of Different Dietary Patterns in Mexican Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13113871 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 3871

Author(s):

Patricia Clark ◽

Carlos F. Mendoza-Gutiérrez ◽

Diana Montiel-Ojeda ◽

Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ◽

Desirée López-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Principal Component ◽

Population Based ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mexican Children ◽

The Cost

Unhealthy diets are recognized as a major risk factor for many diseases. The decrease in costs of industrialized products, as well as the possible misinformation about a healthy diet, has led to new behaviors in the dietary patterns of the pediatric population. The costs of dietary patterns have not been estimated in our population, so the objective of this study was to determine the cost associated with dietary patterns in Mexican children and adolescents, hypothesizing that a healthy diet is not necessarily more economically expensive. This study analyzed data from a population-based cross-sectional study of healthy children and adolescents in Mexico City. Data were collected from a food frequency questionnaire and the meal cost of habitual food shopping. Eating patterns were obtained by using principal component analysis. A micro-costing technique was performed to obtain the direct costs of each pattern. When comparing the healthy pattern with the transition and non-healthy patterns, it was observed that there were no statistically significant differences between the dietary patterns (p = 0.8293). The cost of the healthy pattern only takes up 16.6% of the total biweekly income of a salaried Mexican. In this study, no differences were observed between the costs of a healthy and a less healthy diet.

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Homeostasis Model Assessment Is More Reliable Than the Fasting Glucose/Insulin Ratio and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index for Assessing Insulin Resistance Among Obese Children and Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2004-1921 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 115 (4) ◽

pp. e500-e503 ◽

Cited By ~ 522

Author(s):

M. Keskin ◽

S. Kurtoglu ◽

M. Kendirci ◽

M. E. Atabek ◽

C. Yazici

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Obese Children ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment

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Rice and noodle consumption is associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia in an Asian population

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114513003486 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 111 (6) ◽

pp. 1118-1128 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Yasmin L. M. Zuñiga ◽

Salome A. Rebello ◽

Puay Leng Oi ◽

Huili Zheng ◽

Jeannette Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Cell Function ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Asian Population ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Population Based ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Homa Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Consumption

High consumption of refined grains, particularly white rice, has been reported to be associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the association between rice and noodle consumption and markers of glucose homeostasis, inflammation and dyslipidaemia in an Asian population. We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study in 2728 Singaporean Chinese men and women aged between 24 and 92 years. Rice and noodle intake was assessed using a validated FFQ and studied in relation to glycaemic (fasting glucose, glycated Hb, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and HOMA index for β-cell function (HOMA-β)), inflammatory (plasma adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP)) and lipid (fasting TAG and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)) markers. We used multiple linear regression analyses with adjustment for total energy intake and sociodemographic, anthropometric (BMI and waist:hip ratio) and lifestyle factors. Higher rice consumption was found to be associated with higher fasting glucose concentrations (0·81 % higher values per portion increment; 95 % CI 0·09, 1·54) and HOMA-IR (4·62 %; 95 % CI 1·29, 8·07). Higher noodle consumption was also found to be significantly associated with higher fasting glucose concentrations (1·67 %; 95 % CI 0·44, 2·92), HOMA-IR (6·17 %; 95 % CI 0·49, 12·16) and fasting TAG concentrations (9·17 %; 95 % CI 3·44, 15·22). No significant association was observed between rice and noodle consumption and adiponectin, CRP and HDL-C concentrations or HOMA-β in the fully adjusted model. These results suggest that high consumption of rice and noodles may contribute to hyperglycaemia through greater insulin resistance and that this relationship is independent of adiposity and systemic inflammation.

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A comparative study of insulin resistance in acne vulgaris

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20172545 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 403

Author(s):

Prathima Munichandrappa ◽

Manjunath K. G. ◽

Kiran C. ◽

Anirudh Variyar

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Insulin Levels ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Acne is common skin problem among adolescents and young adults. Recently the role of insulin resistance in acne is being widely researched.The objectives of the study were to evaluate insulin resistance in acne, to compare the insulin resistance among cases and controls using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistanceMethods: 45 cases and 45 controls were recruited. Acne severity was graded using the global acne grading system(GAGS). Fasting glucose, fasting insulin levels were done and insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results: We did not find any statistically significant difference in fasting insulin levels between cases and controls. However, a weak positive correlation between acne severity and fasting insulin levels (r =0.3, p=0.04) were observed. Fasting glucose levels and HOMA-IR values observed between cases and controls were not statistically significant (p=0.05, p=0.59 respectively). Conclusions: Our study did not suggest a major role of insulin resistance in acne.

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The Influence of Obesity on Puberty and Insulin Resistance in Mexican Children

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2018/7067292 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edith Cardenas-Vargas ◽

Jairo A. Nava ◽

Idalia Garza-Veloz ◽

Mayra C. Torres-Castañeda ◽

Carlos E. Galván-Tejada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Tanner Stage ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Mexican Children ◽

The Mean ◽

Puberty Onset

Obesity is considered the main risk factor associated with the development of insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of obesity on puberty onset and IR in Mexican children. A total of 378 children (189 boys and 189 girls) aged 8–14 years participated in the study. IR was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR). The mean fasting glucose (FG) and basal insulin levels were 82 mg/dl and 11.0 μIU/ml in boys and 77.3 mg/dl and 12.3 μIU/ml in girls (P<0.05). Subjects with obesity at Tanner stages II–V showed increased FG levels (P<0.05). In boys with obesity, there was a decrease in HOMA-IR in Tanner stage IV and differences in age between boys with normal weight and those with obesity in Tanner V, being older the boys with obesity. Obesity in children and adolescents was associated with higher HOMA-IR values. In boys with obesity, IR increased at the end of pubertal maturation, with a delay in puberty. These findings should be considered on the establishment of IR cutoff values for pubertal population in Mexico and in the establishment of strategies to prevent the health problems related to obesity.

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Triglyceride/glucose index is a reliable alternative marker for insulin resistance in South American overweight and obese children and adolescents

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2019-0037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. 1163-1170 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

João Carlos Locateli ◽

Wendell Arthur Lopes ◽

Caroline Ferraz Simões ◽

Gustavo Henrique de Oliveira ◽

Karine Oltramari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Surrogate Marker ◽

South American ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Obese Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tyg Index ◽

Triglyceride Glucose Index

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the triglyceride/glucose index (TyG index) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Additionally, we compared the ability of the TyG index and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) index and the combination of these two indices (TyG index plus TG/HDL-c) to predict insulin resistance (IR) in South American overweight and obese children and adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 345 overweight adolescents aged 10–18 years, from both the sexes. The TyG index was calculated as Ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL])/2, while the TG/HDL-c index was calculated by the division of TG (mg/dL) by HDL-c (mg/dL). HOMA-IR was calculated with the formula: fasting insulin (FI) (U/mL) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5. The cut-off point used to determine the presence of IR was HOMA-IR ≥ 3.16. Results The TyG index showed a positive correlation with HOMA-IR. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the TyG index was 0.74, indicating good sensitivity (75.7%) and specificity (67.4%). Furthermore, the TyG index cut-off point of >4.44 was established for IR prediction in this population. Conclusions The TyG index is a simple and cost-effective surrogate marker of IR in South American overweight children and adolescents. Moreover, due to its good accessibility, it can be used in large epidemiological studies.

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Metabolic Syndrome in Estonia: Prevalence and Associations with Insulin Resistance

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2012/951672 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Triin Eglit ◽

Tarvo Rajasalu ◽

Margus Lember

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

National Cholesterol Education Program ◽

Population Based ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Metabolic Abnormalities ◽

Adult Treatment Panel ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weighted Prevalence

Recently, it has been suggested that metabolic syndrome should be considered a premorbid condition in younger individuals. We evaluated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Estonia and compared the characteristic profiles between morbid metabolic syndrome (previously established diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidaemia) and premorbid metabolic syndrome subgroups. Our study was a cross-sectional, population-based sample of the general population in Estonia aged 20–74 years (n=495). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). The crude and weighted prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 27.9% and 25.9%, respectively. Despite being significantly younger, the premorbid subgroup showed similar levels of insulin resistance as the morbid subgroup (mean HOMA-IR ± SD2.73±1.8versus2.97±2.1,P=0.5). The most important attribute of metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance, which already characterises metabolic syndrome in the early stages of its metabolic abnormalities.

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Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1490331 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 149 (4) ◽

pp. 331-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 350

Author(s):

JV Silha ◽

M Krsek ◽

JV Skrha ◽

P Sucharda ◽

BL Nyomba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

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Pharyngeal collapsibility during sleep is elevated in insulin-resistant females with morbid obesity

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.00918-2015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 1718-1726 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oscar L. Llanos ◽

Panagis Galiatsatos ◽

Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez ◽

Susheel P. Patil ◽

Philip L. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Tonsillar Hypertrophy ◽

Insulin Resistant ◽

Bariatric Patients ◽

Respiratory Disturbance

Insulin resistance is associated with sleep apnoea, leading us to hypothesise that it is also associated with elevations in pharyngeal collapsibility, even in the absence of sleep apnoea.90 bariatric patients were characterised for sleep apnoea, pharyngeal collapsibility and insulin resistance. Patients with a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) >10 events·h−1, diabetes mellitus, tonsillar hypertrophy and pulmonary disease were excluded. The remaining 14 females underwent collapsibility measurements (passive critical pressure, Pcritp) during non-rapid eye movement sleep. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, a measure of insulin resistance, was derived from measurements of fasting glucose and insulin levels, and compared to Pcritp.Groups with high Pcritp compared to low Pcritp did not differ in age, body mass index or RDI. HOMA and insulin were elevated in the high Pcritp group compared to the low Pcritp group (p<0.02). Pcritp correlated with HOMA (Spearman's ρ=0.565, 95% CI 0.104–0.862; p=0.035) and insulin (Spearman's ρ=0.609 95% CI 0.196–0.835; p=0.021).Obese insulin-resistant subjects without frank diabetes or sleep apnoea demonstrate preclinical elevations in pharyngeal collapsibility, which may increase their susceptibility to sleep apnoea. Our findings suggest that insulin resistance could play a significant role in sleep apnoea pathogenesis by generating requisite elevations in pharyngeal collapsibility.

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