Neurophysiological, cognitive-behavioral and neurochemical effects in practitioners of transcendental meditation - A literature review

SUMMARY The term meditation can be used in many different ways, according to the technique to which it refers. Transcendental Meditation (MT) is one of these techniques. TM could serve as a model for research on spiritual meditation, unlike the meditation techniques based on secular knowledge. The purpose of the present study is to conduct a bibliographic review to organize scientific evidence on the effects of TM on neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and cognitive and behavioral aspects of its practitioners. To conduct this critical narrative review of the literature, we searched for scientific papers on the PubMed database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The keywords used in the search were Transcendental Meditation, Neuroscience of meditation e Meditation and behavior. We selected 21 papers that analyzed different aspects that could be altered through meditation practice. We concluded that TM has positive and significant documentable neurochemical, neurophysiological, and cognitive-behavioral effects. Among the main effects are the reduction of anxiety and stress (due to the reduction of cortisol and norepinephrine levels), increase of the feeling of pleasure and well-being (due to the increase of the synthesis and release of dopamine and serotonin), and influence on memory recall and possible consolidation. Further studies are needed using creative and innovative methodological designs that analyze different neural circuitry and verify the clinical impact on practitioners.

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Practical Considerations in Breast Papillary Lesions: A Review of the Literature

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2015-0525-ra ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 140 (8) ◽

pp. 770-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mehdi Agoumi ◽

Joshua Giambattista ◽

Malcolm M. Hayes

Keyword(s):

Patient Management ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Breast Lesions ◽

Optimal Management ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Breast Pathology ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Papillary Lesions ◽

And Behavior ◽

Concise Description

Context.—Diagnosis of papillary breast lesions, especially in core biopsies, is challenging for most pathologists, and these lesions pose problems for patient management. Distinction between benign, premalignant, and malignant components of papillary lesions is challenging, and the diagnosis of invasion is problematic in lesions that have circumscribed margins. Obtaining a balance between overtreatment and undertreatment of these lesions is also challenging. Objectives.—To provide a classification and a description of the histologic and immunohistochemical features and the differential diagnosis of papillary breast lesions, to provide an update on the molecular pathology of papillary breast lesions, and to discuss the recommendations for further investigation and management of papillary breast lesions. This review provides a concise description of the histologic and immunohistochemical features of the different papillary lesions of the breast. Data Sources.—The standard pathology text books on breast pathology and literature on papillary breast lesions were reviewed with the assistance of the PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed). Conclusions.—Knowledge of the clinical presentation, histology, immunoprofile, and behavior of papillary breast lesions will assist pathologists with the diagnosis and optimal management of patients with papillary breast lesions.

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Religiousness and mental health: a review

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1590/s1516-44462006005000006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 242-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 301

Author(s):

Alexander Moreira-Almeida ◽

Francisco Lotufo Neto ◽

Harold G Koenig

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Religious Involvement ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Medical Illness ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between religiosity and mental health has been a perennial source of controversy. This paper reviews the scientific evidence available for the relationship between religion and mental health. METHOD: The authors present the main studies and conclusions of a larger systematic review of 850 studies on the religion-mental health relationship published during the 20th Century identified through several databases. The present paper also includes an update on the papers published since 2000, including researches performed in Brazil and a brief historical and methodological background. DISCUSSION: The majority of well-conducted studies found that higher levels of religious involvement are positively associated with indicators of psychological well-being (life satisfaction, happiness, positive affect, and higher morale) and with less depression, suicidal thoughts and behavior, drug/alcohol use/abuse. Usually the positive impact of religious involvement on mental health is more robust among people under stressful circumstances (the elderly, and those with disability and medical illness). Theoretical pathways of the religiousness-mental health connection and clinical implications of these findings are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that religious involvement is usually associated with better mental health. We need to improve our understanding of the mediating factors of this association and its use in clinical practice.

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Cognitive–behavioral therapy for depression and anxiety disorders in rural settings: A review of the literature.

Rural Mental Health ◽

10.1037/rmh0000075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 189-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Addie Weaver ◽

Joseph A. Himle

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Rural Settings

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IMPLANTATION OF THE INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE CATHETER: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde ◽

10.26694/repis.v4i0.7542 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Fabiana Rezer ◽

Hélio Penna Guimarães ◽

Grazia Maria Guerra

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Patient Care ◽

Latin American ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Caribbean Literature ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Integrative Review ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Medical Subject Headings ◽

Invasive Blood Pressure

Objective: to describe scientific evidence on the implementation and control of the device for measuring invasive blood pressure (IBP). Methods: integrative review of the literature, based on Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), PubMed, through the Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS) and the Medical Subject Headings (MesH): hemodynamic; monitoring; blood pressure; invasive. Articles were selected in English, Portuguese and Spanish, published between 2009 and 2018. The search resulted in a sample of 10 articles. Results: The articles were analyzed and presented in 4 thematic groups according to the information they provided regarding the puncture of the IBP catheter, being: 1- Indications for IBP catheter puncture; 2 -Contraindications and complications resulting from the use of the IBP catheter; 3 -Most indicated puncture sites; 4- Implementation and maintenance of IBP catheter. Conclusion: Further research may contribute to patient care with an IAP device, as well as assisting physicians and nurses in patient care, reducing the risks and potential adverse events of the IAP.

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LC-MS/MS Method Development and Validation for the Determination of Ilexsaponin A1 and Its Application in Intestinal Bacterial Metabolic Study

Current Pharmaceutical Analysis ◽

10.2174/1573412915666190304141416 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 774-781

Author(s):

Liang Wu ◽

An Kang ◽

Yujie Lin ◽

Chenxiao Shan ◽

Zhu Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Method Development ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Potential Effect ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Metabolic Potential ◽

Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽

Metabolic Behavior ◽

And Behavior

Background: Ilexsaponin A1, one of the most representative triterpene saponin components in the roots of I. pubescens, showed its effects in anticoagulation and antithrombosis, attenuating ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial, angiogenesis and inhibiting phosphodiesterase. Objective: Reveal the key intestinal bacterial strains responsible for ilexsaponin A1 metabolism, and clarify their metabolic behavior. Methods: An accurate and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the determination of “ilexsaponin A1 in General Anaerobic Medium (GAM) broth” was established and systematically validated. Then it was applied to screen and study the metabolic potential of the intestinal bacterial strains in an anaerobic incubation system. Results: Quantitation of ilexsaponin A1 could be performed within an analytical run time of 14.5 min, in the linear range of 2 - 2000 ng/ml. Enterobacter sakazakii, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Bifidobacterium angulatum were identified to have a potential effect to metabolize ilexsaponin A1 to different extents; and further bacterial metabolic studies were performed to clarify their metabolic capacity and behavior. Conclusion: This paper contributes to a better understanding of the intestinal bacterial metabolism of ilexsaponin A1 and provides scientific evidence for its clinical application. Additionally, the importance of intestinal bacterial strains in the disposition of natural products was also highlighted.

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Temporal Focus

The Oxford Handbook of Psychology of Time Travel and Temporality ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190256685.013.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abbie J. Shipp

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Psychology Research ◽

The Past ◽

Research Areas ◽

The Future ◽

Behavior Based ◽

The Individual ◽

And Behavior ◽

Temporal Focus

Temporal focus is the individual tendency to characteristically think more or less about the past, present, and future. Although originally rooted in early work from psychology, research on temporal focus has been steadily growing in a number of research areas, particularly since Zimbardo and Boyd’s (1999) influential article on the topic. This chapter will review temporal focus research from the past to the present, including how temporal focus has been conceptualized and measured, and which correlates and outcomes have been tested in terms of well-being and behavior. Based on this review, an agenda for research is created to direct temporal focus research in the future.

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Physical activity as a therapeutic strategy in mental health: an integrative review with implication for nursing care

Escola Anna Nery ◽

10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2016-0390 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Bruno da Silva Lourenço ◽

Maria Angélica de Almeida Peres ◽

Isaura Setenta Porto ◽

Rosane Mara Pontes de Oliveira ◽

Virginia Faria Damásio Dutra

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Therapeutic Strategy ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Well Being ◽

Integrative Review ◽

Healthy Lifestyles ◽

Practical Effect ◽

Selection Of

Abstract This study is an integrative review with the aim to identify and describe the scientific evidence of the practical effect of physical activity in people with mental disorders. For the selection of articles, the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, Cochrane and Scopus were used. The sample of this review consisted of eight articles. Their analysis resulted in the categories: obesity and metabolic syndrome, specialized nursing, sedentary and healthy lifestyles, support and social network, incentive to the practice of physical activity, and anxiety and physical activity. The benefits to physical health were partially elucidated by the sample. The implications for nursing care arise from the therapeutic efficacy of physical activity by people with mental disorders, adding individual and collective benefits that provide socialization and promotion of well-being.

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Supporting the Mental Health and Well-Being of First Responders from Career to Retirement: A Scoping Review

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x21000431 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Erin Smith ◽

Greg Dean ◽

Lisa Holmes

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Help Seeking ◽

First Responders ◽

Well Being ◽

First Responder ◽

Help Seeking Behaviors ◽

Holistic Approaches ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract Introduction: First responders are at greater risk of mental ill health and compromised well-being compared to the general population. It is important to identify strategies that will be effective in supporting mental health, both during and after the first responder’s career. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the PubMed database (1966 to October 1, 2020) and the Google Scholar database (October 1, 2020) using relevant search terms, truncation symbols, and Boolean combination functions. The reference lists of all relevant publications were also reviewed to identify further publications. Results: A total of 172 publications were retrieved by the combined search strategies. Of these, 56 met the inclusion criteria and informed the results of this overview paper. These publications identified that strategies supporting first responder mental health and well-being need to break down stigma and build resilience. Normalizing conversations around mental health is integral for increasing help-seeking behaviors, both during a first responder’s career and in retirement. Organizations should consider the implementation of both pre-retirement and post-retirement support strategies to improve mental health and well-being. Conclusion: Strategies for supporting mental health and well-being need to be implemented early in the first responder career and reinforced throughout and into retirement. They should utilize holistic approaches which encourage “reaching in” rather than placing an onus on first responders to “reach out” when they are in crisis.

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