scholarly journals Physiological responses of lima bean subjected to salt and water stresses

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 959-965
Author(s):  
João V. Pereira Filho ◽  
Thales V. de A. Viana ◽  
Geocleber G. de Sousa ◽  
Keivia L. Chagas ◽  
Benito M. de Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchanges ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Lima Beans

ABSTRACT Under water deficit and/or salt stress conditions, crops suffer from several physiological disturbances, which lead to the reduction in growth and, consequently, decreases in their yields. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological responses of lima bean, cultivar Espírito Santo, under different irrigation water salinity associated to two water regimes. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brazil, from September to November 2017, and it was carried out in pots in full sun, under a completely randomized design in split plots, where water salinities (1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1 and 5.1 dS m-1) were considered as the plots, and the treatments of water regime (50 and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration - ETo) were considered as the subplots. At 45 days after sowing, leaf gas exchanges and relative index of total chlorophyll (SPAD index) were evaluated. In general, the increase of salt concentration in irrigation water causes reductions in the physiological responses of lima beans. Under a water regime of 50% ETo, the instantaneous and intrinsic water use efficiency is higher.

scholarly journals MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF COWPEA GENOTYPES TO IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008
Author(s):  
JOÃO PEDRO ALVES DE AQUINO ◽  
ANTÔNIO AÉCIO DE CARVALHO BEZERRA ◽  
FRANCISCO DE ALCÂNTARA NETO ◽  
CARLOS JOSÉ GONCALVES DE SOUZA LIMA ◽  
RAYLSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Cowpea is broadly cultivated worldwide, especially in semi-arid or arid regions where soil or irrigation water salt contents can negatively influence the species’ productive capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of cowpea genotypes to irrigation water salinity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, under a completely randomized design with nine replications and in a 5x3 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - EC (EC0: 0.55; EC1: 1.60; EC2: 3.20; EC3: 4.80 and EC4: 6.40 dS m-1), applied from the 15th day after sowing (DAS), and three cowpea genotypes (G1: BRS Imponente; G2: MNC04-795F-168 and G3: MNC04-795F-159). EC increases at 35 DAS promoted stem diameter reductions of 8.0% (G1), 11.4% (G2), and 7.7% (G3), indicating different resistance to salinity by each genotype. Leaf area reductions at 25 and 38 DAS were 30.9% and 38.8% for EC0 and EC4, respectively. The BRS Imponente cultivar presented a performance superior to those of G2 and G3 in relation to stem diameter and stem dry matter at 25 DAS, and root-shoot and root-leaf ratios at 38 DAS.

scholarly journals Gas exchanges and growth of cotton cultivars under water salinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 393-399
Author(s):  
André A. R. da Silva ◽  
Luana L. de S. A. Veloso ◽  
Ronaldo do Nascimento ◽  
Elka C. S. Nascimento ◽  
Carlos V. de C. Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Response To Water

ABSTRACT Indication of salt-tolerant cotton cultivars can make the agricultural exploitation with saline water irrigation feasible in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges and growth of cotton cultivars irrigated with saline water. The study was conducted in pots adapted as drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, using a sandy loam Entisols as substrate. Treatments were distributed in completely randomized design, in 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, relative to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 dS m-1) and two cotton cultivars (BRS 368 RF and BRS Safira). Increase in irrigation water salinity inhibits the vegetative growth and gas exchanges of the cotton cultivars BRS Safira and BRS 368 RF. Leaf area and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency are the most affected variables. Physiological and growth performance of the cultivar BRS Safira in response to water salinity was higher than that of BRS 368 RF.

scholarly journals Water potential and gas exchanges in sugarcane irrigated with saline waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquele M. de Lira ◽  
Ênio F. de F. e Silva ◽  
Marcone da S. Barros ◽  
Leandro C. Gordin ◽  
Lilia G. Willadino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT In Pernambuco, state in the northeastern region of Brazil, in the coastal areas, due to the intrusion of seawater, the waters used for sugarcane irrigation can have high salt contents and cause serious problems to soil and plant. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation with saline water on the physiology of sugarcane, variety RB867515, irrigated under five salinity levels of 0.5; 2.0; 3.5; 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1 in a completely randomized design, with four replicates in drainage lysimeters. The study was conducted in the period from December 2014 to June 2015, at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). Salinity levels were obtained by dissolving NaCl and CaCl2 in water from the local supply system (ECw = 0.5 dS m-1). Leaves were analyzed for stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis at 140, 229 and 320 days after planting (DAP) and for water potential at 137, 243 and 318 DAP. Increase in irrigation water salinity inhibited all variables at the respective plant ages and with greater intensity in the first evaluations (140 and 229 DAP) for stomatal conductance and transpiration. Photosynthesis and water potential showed the greatest linear reductions at the last data collection (320 and 318 DAP), respectively. Increase in salinity of irrigation water hampered water potential and gas exchange in the leaves of RB867515 sugarcane.

scholarly journals Initial Development and Tolerance of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Cultivars under Salt Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco V. da S. Sá ◽  
Lauter S. Souto ◽  
Emanoela P. de Paiva ◽  
Erbia B. G. Araújo ◽  
Fernanda A. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

The objective was to evaluate growth and tolerance of bell pepper cultivars under salt stress in the seedling stage. The experiment was carried out in protected environment (greenhouse) at the Center of Sciences and Agrifood Technology (CCTA) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), located in the municipality of Pombal, Paraíba, from August to September 2014. Five bell pepper cultivars (C1 - Dulce All Big; C2 - All Big; C3 - Italiano Amarelo Gigante; C4 - Rubi Gigante; C5 - Casca Dura Ikeda) were evaluated at five levels of irrigation water salinity (0.6 (control); 1.2; 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1), arranged in 5 × 5 factorial scheme, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. Bell pepper cultivars were grown on trays for 20 days after sowing, period in which they were evaluated for emergence, growth, phytomass accumulation and tolerance index. The increase in irrigation water salinity reduced bell pepper emergence, growth and dry matter accumulation, and the cultivars C2 - All Big and C4 - Rubi Gigante were the most tolerant to salinity in the initial growth stage. Tolerance to salinity occurred in the following order: C2 - All Big > C4 - Rubi Gigante > C1 - Dulce All Big = C5 - Casca Dura Ikeda > C3 - Italiano Amarelo Gigante.

scholarly journals DESENVOLVIMENTO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv ESAL 686) SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA

Irriga ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Márcio José de Santana ◽  
Jacinto De Assunção Carvalho ◽  
Messias José Bastos de Andrade ◽  
Elio Lemos da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Bean Plant ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels

DESENVOLVIMENTO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv ESAL 686) SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA  Márcio José de Santana Jacinto de Assunção CarvalhoDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CP 37, CEP 37200-000Messias José Bastos de AndradeDepartamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CP 37, CEP 37200-000Elio Lemos da SilvaDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CP 37, CEP 37200-000  1 RESUMO  Foram avaliados os efeitos de concentrações de sais da água de irrigação sobre o comportamento vegetativo e produtivo do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv ESAL 686) e acúmulo de sais no solo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no Departamento de Engenharia da Universidade Federal de Lavras, em Lavras - MG, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado , com seis repetições e cinco níveis de salinidade da água: 0,10; 1,0; 2,5; 4,0 e 5,5 dS m-1. Os parâmetros vegetativos e produtivos foram negativamente influenciados pela salinidade da água de irrigação. Verificou-se também que a salinidade do solo aumentou com o aumento dos níveis em salinidade da água. As maiores salinidades da água de irrigação resultaram em menores consumos de água pelas plantas.  UNITERMOS: Feijão comum, salinidade da água, salinidade do solo.  SANTANA, M. J.; CARVALHO, J. A.; ANDRADE, M. J. B.; SILVA, E. L. DEVELOPMENT OF THE BEAN PLANT (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. CV ESAL 686) UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY LEVELS  2 ABSTRACT  It was evaluated the effects of salt concentration in irrigation water on vegetative and productive behavior of the bean plant ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. ESAL 686) and salt accumulation in the soil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Engineering Department of Lavras Federal University, Lavras-MG, in a complete randomized design with six replications and five water salinity levels: 0.10; 1.0; 2.5; 4.0 and 5.5 dS m-1. The vegetative and productive parameters were negatively affected by the irrigation water salinity. It was also verified a soil salinity increase as salinity levels increase in the irrigation water. The highest water salinity level caused the lowest water consumption by plants.  KEYWORDS: French bean, irrigation water salinity, soil salinity

scholarly journals Growth and physiology of maize under water salinity and nitrogen fertilization in two soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 907-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis dos S. Braz ◽  
Claudivan F. de Lacerda ◽  
Raimundo N. de Assis Júnior ◽  
Jorge F. da S. Ferreira ◽  
Adriana C. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchanges

ABSTRACT The nitrogen fertilization, in general, minimizes the effects of salinity on plants, but the mitigating action depends on plant species, cultivar, soil texture and plant age, among other factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity and nitrogen fertilization on maize physiology and growth (Zea mays) in soils with different textures. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Fortaleza City, CE, Brazil, in PVC soil columns (100 x 20 cm). The design was completely randomized using the factorial 2 x 2 x 4, referring to two soils, an Ultisol and a Quartzipsamment, nitrogen doses of 105 and 210 kg ha-1, under irrigation with saline water of 0.5, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 dS m-1, with four repetitions. With the exception of stem diameter, salinity of water impaired plant growth and leaf gas exchanges. The Ultisol provided better growth and physiological responses compared to the Quartzipsamment. The nitrogen doses did not mitigate growth variables except root biomass. The gas exchanges increased with the highest nitrogen dose, without interaction with the salinity.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological characteristics of okra plants submitted to saline stress in soil with organic fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3241
Author(s):  
Geocleber Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Andreza de Melo Mendonça ◽  
Jonnathan Richeds da Silva Sales ◽  
Francisco Barroso da Silva Junior ◽  
João Gutemberg Leite Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels

The excess of salts may compromise the growth and physiological functions of plants, but the use of bovine organic fertilizer can mitigate these effects. It was intended was to evaluate the saline stress in soil with and without bovine organic fertilizer on the initial growth, the accumulation of biomass and the gas exchanges of the okra culture. The test was conducted at the UNILAB’s experimental farm, in Piroás, in Redenção – CE city. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design with five replications, in a 5 x 2 factorial concerning five irrigation water salinity levels (1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1), in the presence and absence of bovine organic fertilizer. Plant height, stem diameter, root length, a dry mass of shoot, photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance were evaluated. The bovine organic fertilizer promoted better means in initial growth and biomass in okra plants compared to the control treatment, thus showing efficiency in the attenuation of the salts present in irrigation water. The increase in the saline concentration of the irrigation water reduced the gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) in okra plants. Nonetheless, in smaller proportions in the soil with the bovine organic fertilizer.

scholarly journals INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOLERANCE OF PEPPER SPECIES TO SALINITY STRESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 826-833
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO VANIES DA SILVA SÁ ◽  
LAUTER SILVA SOUTO ◽  
EMANOELA PEREIRA DE PAIVA ◽  
SALVADOR BARROS TORRES ◽  
FERNANDA ANDRADE DE OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Saline Waters ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main causes of crop yield decline in arid and semi-arid regions, requiring the use of tolerant species that allow cultivation in these areas. The objective of this study was to determine the emergence, initial growth and tolerance of pepper species irrigated with saline waters. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), with a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, using four replicates of 30 seeds each. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, involving five irrigation water salinity levels (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and three species of pepper [E1 - Capsicum annuum (“Doce Comprida”); E2 - Capsicum frutescens (“Malagueta”); E3 - Capsicum chinense (“De Bico”)]. Pepper seedlings were grown in trays of 30 cells with a capacity of 0.1 dm3 of substrate. During the first 30 days after sowing, seedlings were monitored for emergence, initial growth and dry matter accumulation. As the salinity of the irrigation water increased, there was a reduction in the emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation of C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense peppers. These species tolerate saline waters of up to 1.78, 2.71 and 1.55 dS m-1 respectively, in the initial development phase, with C. frutescens being the most tolerant to saline stress, and C. chinense the most sensitive.

Growth and Development of Passion Fruit Seedlings under Irrigation with Salt Water and Biofertilizer

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Francisco De Oliveira Mesquita ◽  
Patricya Lorenna De Brito Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Célia Maia Meireles ◽  
José Leonardo Noronha Cardoso ◽  
Thiago De Souza Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

The yellow passion fruit is a plant climbing botanically that has a good geographical distribution in Brazil, with more than 150 species in the country. The presence of salts in soil and irrigation water is one of the main obstacles in agriculture in the world, caused by low rainfall and high evapotranspirative rates causing the salts to accumulate in the soil. However, alternatives have been sought to try to mitigate such limitations of seedling production, such as the use of biofertilizers in the soil. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the growth and development of yellow passion fruit seedlings under the effects of irrigation water salinity and the use of bovine biofertilizer on the substrate. An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the Center for Agrarian Sciences and Biodiversity, from october/2017 tomarch/2018, in county of Crato-Ceara, Brazil. The substrate used was the first 20 cm material of a yellow Red Argisol. The experimental design was completely randomized design (C.R.D) in a factorial scheme 5x2, referring to the electrical conductivity values ​​of the irrigation water: 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, in the soil without and with common biofertilizer, with three replicates. The biofertilizer, after being diluted in non-saline water (0.5 dS m-1) in the ratio of 1:3, was applied only once to 10% of the substrate volume two days before sowing. The increase in the salinity of irrigation water negatively affected the initial behavior of the passion fruit seedlings in terms of growth and development, especially in the treatments that did not receive the organic feed.

scholarly journals Componentes de produção de genótipos de feijão-caupi irrigados com água salina

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
K. Q. D. Brito ◽  
R. do Nascimento ◽  
J. E. A. Santos ◽  
I. A. C. Silva ◽  
G. J. Dantas Junior
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Pod Length

O feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), é uma leguminosa herbácea, considerada principal fonte protéica vegetal para famílias de baixa renda no Brasil. Cultivado em regiões de clima quente úmido e semiárido, torna-se uma opção para a região nordeste, uma vez que pode servir como alternativa de fonte de renda aos pequenos e médios produtores. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar as características produtivas de genótipos de feijão-caupi irrigados com água salina. Os tratamentos consistiam da combinação de dois fatores: Salinidade da água de irrigação (A1 - água de abastecimento com 0,8dSm-1 e  A2 - solução salina 4,8 dSm-1) e Genótipos de feijão-caupi (G1 - MNC04-762F-9, G2 - MNC04-762F-3, G3 - MNC04-762F-21, G4 - MNC04-769F-62 e G5 - MNC04-765F-153). Combinados os fatores, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, resultaram em 10 tratamentos (2 níveis de salinidade x 5 genótipos), com 4 repetições. A irrigação com água salina se deu aos 12 DAS. As variáveis analisadas foram o número de vagens por planta (NVP), comprimento da vagem por planta (CVP), número de grãos por vagem (NGV), número de grãos por planta (NGP) e peso dos grãos por planta (PGP). A salinidade da água de irrigação reduziu consideravelmente as características produtivas de genótipos de feijão-caupi.Production components of bean-cowpea genotypes irrigated with saline waterAbstract: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a herbaceous legume, considered main vegetable protein source for low-income families in Brazil. Grown in hot humid climates and semi-arid, it becomes an option for the northeast region, since it can serve as an alternative income source to small and medium producers. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the production characteristics of cowpea genotypes irrigated with saline water. The treatments consisted of the combination of two factors: Irrigation Water Salinity (A1 - water supply with 0,8dSm-1 and A2 – saline solution 4.8 dSm-1) and cowpea genotypes (G1 - MNC04-762F -9, G2 - MNC04-762F-3 G3 - MNC04-762F-21 G4 - G5 and MNC04-769F-62 - MNC04-765F-153). Combined factors, a completely randomized design, resulted in 10 treatments (2 levels of salinity x 5 genotypes) with four repetitions. The irrigation with saline water given to the 12 days after sowing (DAS). The variables were the number of pods per plant (NP), pod length per plant (PL), number of seeds per pod (SP), number of grains per plant (GP) and weight of grains per plant (WGP). The salinity of the irrigation water significantly reduced the productive characteristics of cowpea genotypes.

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