scholarly journals Morphophysiological characteristics of okra plants submitted to saline stress in soil with organic fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3241
Author(s):  
Geocleber Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Andreza de Melo Mendonça ◽  
Jonnathan Richeds da Silva Sales ◽  
Francisco Barroso da Silva Junior ◽  
João Gutemberg Leite Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels

The excess of salts may compromise the growth and physiological functions of plants, but the use of bovine organic fertilizer can mitigate these effects. It was intended was to evaluate the saline stress in soil with and without bovine organic fertilizer on the initial growth, the accumulation of biomass and the gas exchanges of the okra culture. The test was conducted at the UNILAB’s experimental farm, in Piroás, in Redenção – CE city. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design with five replications, in a 5 x 2 factorial concerning five irrigation water salinity levels (1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1), in the presence and absence of bovine organic fertilizer. Plant height, stem diameter, root length, a dry mass of shoot, photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance were evaluated. The bovine organic fertilizer promoted better means in initial growth and biomass in okra plants compared to the control treatment, thus showing efficiency in the attenuation of the salts present in irrigation water. The increase in the saline concentration of the irrigation water reduced the gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) in okra plants. Nonetheless, in smaller proportions in the soil with the bovine organic fertilizer.

scholarly journals INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOLERANCE OF PEPPER SPECIES TO SALINITY STRESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 826-833
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO VANIES DA SILVA SÁ ◽  
LAUTER SILVA SOUTO ◽  
EMANOELA PEREIRA DE PAIVA ◽  
SALVADOR BARROS TORRES ◽  
FERNANDA ANDRADE DE OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Saline Waters ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main causes of crop yield decline in arid and semi-arid regions, requiring the use of tolerant species that allow cultivation in these areas. The objective of this study was to determine the emergence, initial growth and tolerance of pepper species irrigated with saline waters. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), with a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, using four replicates of 30 seeds each. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, involving five irrigation water salinity levels (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and three species of pepper [E1 - Capsicum annuum (“Doce Comprida”); E2 - Capsicum frutescens (“Malagueta”); E3 - Capsicum chinense (“De Bico”)]. Pepper seedlings were grown in trays of 30 cells with a capacity of 0.1 dm3 of substrate. During the first 30 days after sowing, seedlings were monitored for emergence, initial growth and dry matter accumulation. As the salinity of the irrigation water increased, there was a reduction in the emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation of C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense peppers. These species tolerate saline waters of up to 1.78, 2.71 and 1.55 dS m-1 respectively, in the initial development phase, with C. frutescens being the most tolerant to saline stress, and C. chinense the most sensitive.

scholarly journals Water potential and gas exchanges in sugarcane irrigated with saline waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquele M. de Lira ◽  
Ênio F. de F. e Silva ◽  
Marcone da S. Barros ◽  
Leandro C. Gordin ◽  
Lilia G. Willadino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT In Pernambuco, state in the northeastern region of Brazil, in the coastal areas, due to the intrusion of seawater, the waters used for sugarcane irrigation can have high salt contents and cause serious problems to soil and plant. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation with saline water on the physiology of sugarcane, variety RB867515, irrigated under five salinity levels of 0.5; 2.0; 3.5; 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1 in a completely randomized design, with four replicates in drainage lysimeters. The study was conducted in the period from December 2014 to June 2015, at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). Salinity levels were obtained by dissolving NaCl and CaCl2 in water from the local supply system (ECw = 0.5 dS m-1). Leaves were analyzed for stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis at 140, 229 and 320 days after planting (DAP) and for water potential at 137, 243 and 318 DAP. Increase in irrigation water salinity inhibited all variables at the respective plant ages and with greater intensity in the first evaluations (140 and 229 DAP) for stomatal conductance and transpiration. Photosynthesis and water potential showed the greatest linear reductions at the last data collection (320 and 318 DAP), respectively. Increase in salinity of irrigation water hampered water potential and gas exchange in the leaves of RB867515 sugarcane.

scholarly journals Irrigation with saline water in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in a soil with bovine biofertilizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 604-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geocleber G. de Sousa ◽  
Valdécio dos S. Rodrigues ◽  
Stallone da C. Soares ◽  
Ítalo N. Damasceno ◽  
Jamili N. Fiusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Plants

ABSTRACT Salinity is a complex phenomenon that affects the metabolic processes of the plant, changing the physiological and biochemical parameters. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation water salinity on growth, biomass and gas exchanges in soybean crop in soil with and without biofertilizer. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the experimental area of the Agrometeorological Station of the UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, from May to June 2016. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to the levels of irrigation water salinity: 0.8; 1.6; 2.4; 3.2 and 4.0 dS m-1, in soil without and with bovine biofertilizer, in five replicates. The following variables were evaluated: growth (plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and leaf area), biomass (leaf, root and total dry matter) and gas exchanges (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration). Irrigation water salinity reduced photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration, but with less intensity in the plants that received bovine biofertilizer. The aerobically fermented bovine biofertilizer attenuates saline stress on the initial growth and biomass of soybean plants.

scholarly journals Initial Development of Safflower Submitted to Irrigation Water Salinity Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
William Fenner ◽  
Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva ◽  
Tonny José Araújo da Silva ◽  
Túlio Santos Martinez ◽  
Thiago Henrique Ferreira Matos Castañon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Plant Emergence

Safflower cultivation is an alternative to tropical cropping systems, with a good rusticity and some tolerance to saline stress in some cultivars. With the increase of irrigated areas around the world, salinization of the soil is an inherent concern, being the management of irrigation and cultivated species fundamental. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and initial development of safflower culture submitted to irrigation water salinity levels. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design consisting of five irrigation water salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 dS m-1) and six replications. The saline solution was prepared using NaCl and measured with a conductivity meter. Plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter at 26 and 41 days after emergence, and shoot dry weight were evaluated; root volume; root dry mass; total dry mass and dry root/shoot mass ratio at 41 days after plant emergence. There was no visual influence of salinity levels in the evaluations at 26 days after plant emergence. However, 41 days after plant emergence, the increase in salinity levels promoted a decrease in all analyzed variables, except for root volume. Safflower does not tolerate irrigation with saline water. The damages occur from 2 dS m-1, but the largest reductions in the initial development of safflower occur from 6 to 8 dS m-1.

scholarly journals SALINIDADE NA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO E APLICAÇÃO DE BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO NO CRESCIMENTO E QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE TAMARINDO

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lunara De Sousa Alves ◽  
Mário Leno Martins Véras ◽  
José Sebastião de Melo Filho ◽  
Toni Halan da Silva Irineu ◽  
Thiago Jardelino Dias
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
E Mail

SALINIDADE NA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO E APLICAÇÃO DE BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO NO CRESCIMENTO E QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE TAMARINDO     LUNARA DE SOUSA ALVES 1; MÁRIO LENO MARTINS VÉRAS 2; JOSÉ SEBASTIÃO DE MELO FILHO 1; TONI HALAN DA SILVA IRINEU 3 E THIAGO JARDELINO DIAS 1   1 Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais, Rodovia BR 079 - Km 12, 58.397-000, Areia, PB, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; 2 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, CEP: 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brasil. Email: [email protected]; 3 Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Av. Costa e Filho, 145, Presidente Costa e Silva, Mossoró, RN, CEP: 59625-900, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Em regiões com baixa disponibilidade de água os estudos visando à utilização de águas salinas são de extrema relevância, pois permitem avaliar a possibilidade de cultivos com irrigação com água de baixa qualidade. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar os aspectos morfofisiológicos de mudas de tamarindeiro sob diferentes níveis de salinidade na água de irrigação e aplicação de biofertilizante bovino. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, com seis repetições. Os fatores estudados consistiram de cinco níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (CEa): 0,5; 2,0; 3,5, 5,0 e 6,5 dS m-1 e com e sem biofertilizante bovino. O aumento dos níveis de salinidade na água de irrigação a partir de 0,5 dS m-1 reduz o crescimento e qualidade de mudas de tamarindeiro. A aplicação de biofertilizante bovino reduz os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino sob o a altura, número de folhas e diâmetro do caule aos 90 DAS e na produção de biomassa de mudas de tamarindeiro. Em fase de mudas o tamarindeiro não tolera elevadas concentrações de sais na água de irrigação.   Palavras-chave: adubo orgânico líquido, estresse salino, desenvolvimento, crescimento inicial     ALVES, L. S.; VÉRAS, M. L. M.; MELO FILHO, J. S.; IRINEU, T. H. S.; DIAS, T. J. SALINITY IN IRRIGATION WATER AND APPLICATION OF BOVINE BIOFERTILIZER FOR GROWTH AND QUALITY OF TAMARINDO SEEDLINGS     2 ABSTRACT   In regions with low water availability, studies aiming at the use of salt water are extremely relevant, since they allow the assessment of the possibility of irrigation with low quality water. In this regard, the objective was to assess morphophysiological aspects of tamarind seedlings under different salinity levels in irrigation water and application of bovine biofertilizer. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme with six replicates. The factors studied consisted of five salinity levels of irrigation water: 0.5; 2.0; 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1 and with and without bovine biofertilizer. The increase of  salinity levels in irrigation water from 0.5 dS m-1 reduces growth and quality of tamarind seedlings. The application of bovine biofertilizer reduces the deleterious effects of saline stress in height, number of leaves and diameter of the stem at 90 DAS and biomass production of tamarind seedlings. In the seedling stage the tamarind tree does not tolerate high concentrations of salts in irrigation water.   Keywords: Liquid organic fertilizer, saline stress, development, initial growth

scholarly journals The Influence of H2O2 Application Methods on Melon Plants Submitted to Saline Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Adriana Silva Santos ◽  
Juliana Formiga Almeida ◽  
Marcio Santos da Silva ◽  
Jackson Silva Nóbrega ◽  
Thais Batista de Queiroga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The salinity in irrigation water is one of the most important causes to decline cultivated plants yield. The H2O2 application has shown efficiency as a stimulator and activator for antioxidative defense system in plants submitted to biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate methods for hydrogen peroxide application as a strategy to minimize the effects of saline stress on melon plants. The experiment was designed in complete randomized blocks and set in 2 × 4 factorial scheme, consisting two levels for irrigation water salinity (S1 = 0.3 and S2 = 2.0 dS m-1) and four methods for hydrogen peroxide application (15 mM), (T1 = no peroxide application, T2= imbibition of seeds, T3 = at sowing, T4 = Foliar spraying), with five repetitions. It was evaluated the following variables at 58 days after transplanting: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of flowers, shoot dry mass, root dry mass and total dry mass. The results showed that salinity affected the growth, biomass accumulation and plant quality severely, with the highest losses promoted by the electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS m-1.

scholarly journals Silicon Potential as Attenuator of Salinity Effects on Growth and Post-harvest Quality of Lettuce

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Hozano De Souza Lemos Neto ◽  
Marcelo De Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Rosilene Oliveira Mesquita ◽  
Italo Marlone Gomes Sampaio ◽  
Ana Régia Alves de Araújo Hendges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Silicon (Si) is a mineral element that provides many benefits to plants and may also assist in tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of Si as a possible attenuator of the deleterious effects of salinity on growth and post-harvest of lettuce. A completely randomized design with four replicates was performed in a 3 × 2 factorial, consisting of three salinity levels (1.65, 3.65, 7.65 dS m-1) and two levels of silicon (0.0 and 2.0 mM). Salinity reduced all variables related to plant growth. For shoot fresh and dry mass, it was observed that NaCl caused a reduction of 79.80 and 80%, respectively, in comparison to the control. However, parameters related to post-harvest such as titratable acidity, soluble solids and vitamin C increased with salinity. Although not effective in reducing saline stress on plant growth, Si provided improvements in the variables related to lettuce post-harvest. Salinity significantly reduced plant growth in the presence and absence of Si, but provided better post-harvest quality with Si.

scholarly journals Initial Development and Tolerance of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Cultivars under Salt Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco V. da S. Sá ◽  
Lauter S. Souto ◽  
Emanoela P. de Paiva ◽  
Erbia B. G. Araújo ◽  
Fernanda A. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

The objective was to evaluate growth and tolerance of bell pepper cultivars under salt stress in the seedling stage. The experiment was carried out in protected environment (greenhouse) at the Center of Sciences and Agrifood Technology (CCTA) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), located in the municipality of Pombal, Paraíba, from August to September 2014. Five bell pepper cultivars (C1 - Dulce All Big; C2 - All Big; C3 - Italiano Amarelo Gigante; C4 - Rubi Gigante; C5 - Casca Dura Ikeda) were evaluated at five levels of irrigation water salinity (0.6 (control); 1.2; 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1), arranged in 5 × 5 factorial scheme, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. Bell pepper cultivars were grown on trays for 20 days after sowing, period in which they were evaluated for emergence, growth, phytomass accumulation and tolerance index. The increase in irrigation water salinity reduced bell pepper emergence, growth and dry matter accumulation, and the cultivars C2 - All Big and C4 - Rubi Gigante were the most tolerant to salinity in the initial growth stage. Tolerance to salinity occurred in the following order: C2 - All Big > C4 - Rubi Gigante > C1 - Dulce All Big = C5 - Casca Dura Ikeda > C3 - Italiano Amarelo Gigante.

scholarly journals DESENVOLVIMENTO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv ESAL 686) SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA

Irriga ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Márcio José de Santana ◽  
Jacinto De Assunção Carvalho ◽  
Messias José Bastos de Andrade ◽  
Elio Lemos da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Bean Plant ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels

DESENVOLVIMENTO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv ESAL 686) SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA  Márcio José de Santana Jacinto de Assunção CarvalhoDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CP 37, CEP 37200-000Messias José Bastos de AndradeDepartamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CP 37, CEP 37200-000Elio Lemos da SilvaDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. CP 37, CEP 37200-000  1 RESUMO  Foram avaliados os efeitos de concentrações de sais da água de irrigação sobre o comportamento vegetativo e produtivo do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv ESAL 686) e acúmulo de sais no solo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no Departamento de Engenharia da Universidade Federal de Lavras, em Lavras - MG, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado , com seis repetições e cinco níveis de salinidade da água: 0,10; 1,0; 2,5; 4,0 e 5,5 dS m-1. Os parâmetros vegetativos e produtivos foram negativamente influenciados pela salinidade da água de irrigação. Verificou-se também que a salinidade do solo aumentou com o aumento dos níveis em salinidade da água. As maiores salinidades da água de irrigação resultaram em menores consumos de água pelas plantas.  UNITERMOS: Feijão comum, salinidade da água, salinidade do solo.  SANTANA, M. J.; CARVALHO, J. A.; ANDRADE, M. J. B.; SILVA, E. L. DEVELOPMENT OF THE BEAN PLANT (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. CV ESAL 686) UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY LEVELS  2 ABSTRACT  It was evaluated the effects of salt concentration in irrigation water on vegetative and productive behavior of the bean plant ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. ESAL 686) and salt accumulation in the soil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Engineering Department of Lavras Federal University, Lavras-MG, in a complete randomized design with six replications and five water salinity levels: 0.10; 1.0; 2.5; 4.0 and 5.5 dS m-1. The vegetative and productive parameters were negatively affected by the irrigation water salinity. It was also verified a soil salinity increase as salinity levels increase in the irrigation water. The highest water salinity level caused the lowest water consumption by plants.  KEYWORDS: French bean, irrigation water salinity, soil salinity

scholarly journals Physiological Indicators in Two Lettuce Cultivars Under Saline Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Marcos Antonio Dantas de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Torres Carneiro ◽  
Maria Claudjane Jerônimo Leite Alves ◽  
Thayse Valéria e Silva ◽  
Gilberto da Cruz Gouveia Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Osmotic Effect ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Green Index

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is considered as the main leafy vegetable in Brazil. In the last decades, there had been many changes in the predominant varietal types in the country, however, issues regarding the use of saline water inhibit the growth by the osmotic effect. The aim of this study is avaliate the effect of water salinity on physiological in lettuce cultivars. The experiment was carried out at the Alagoas Federal University, Arapiraca Campus, in a completely randomized design and with a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with six replications. Five treatments of water salinity levels were analyzed (ECw: 0.14, 1.54, 2.94, 4.34, and 5.74 dS m-1 at 25 °C) in two types of lettuce crops (Saia Véia and Vitoria Verdinha). Stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, leaf temperature, and green index were assessed at 10, 20, and 30 days after the application of the treatments. The saline stress caused by the increase in saline concentrations decreased the photosynthesis and transpiration rates, which were associated with the reduction of stomatal conductance in both cultivars. Nevertheless, Saia Véia cultivar was higher tolerance in all tested saline levels compared to Vitória Verdinha. The green index for Vitoria Verdinha was seven times higher when compared to Saia Véia from the lowest to the highest saline levels. The cultivars differ in salt sensitivity, which could be useful for producers to choose the cultivar that is most adapted to the region and breeders regarding improvement prospects for adaptation of the lettuce under saline stress. In addition to osmotic stress, which is the first to happen, there are others.

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