scholarly journals Spatial variability of enthalpy and illuminance in free-range broiler sheds

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
Amélia C. Faustino ◽  
Silvia H. N. Turco ◽  
René G. C. Silva Junior ◽  
Isadora B. Miranda ◽  
Italo E. Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Clay Tile

ABSTRACT Free-range broiler producers are concerned with the thermal environment and lighting of their facilities and seek to improve these factors for the increased welfare of their broilers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatialization of illuminance and enthalpy in two free-range broiler sheds, one of masonry with a clay tile roof and the other built of wood with a straw roof. The data on air temperature, relative air humidity, and illuminance were recorded between September and October 2018 for five non-consecutive weeks in two periods during the day: morning (9 hours) and afternoon (15 hours). The data were collected at 42 points per shed, spaced 0.40 × 0.75 m. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, considering two periods and two sheds. Spatial dependence was evaluated using geostatistics and interpolation maps by kriging. The facilities presented strong or moderate spatial dependence for all observed variables and periods. The small edges and lack of management of curtains resulted in the masonry shed having higher illuminance values during both periods. Although it did not present ideal values for a comfortable environment, the wood shed was more thermally efficient.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Microclimatic Data on Localities with Different Ratio of Vegetation in Urban Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soňa Keresztesová ◽  
Ján Klein ◽  
Zdenka Rózová
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions

AbstractMany authors (Akbari, Taha, 1992; Čaboun, 2008; Klein, 2013; Keresztesová, 2013) proved the influence of vegetation on microclimate as well as on the decrease of heat islands. We were interested in how different ratio of vegetation and open spaces influences microclimatic factors. From April to July 2012 microclimatic factors of two different localities with respect to various ratios of vegetation and open spaces were observed in Nitra, Slovakia. More specifically we observed the air temperature, relative air humidity and surface temperatures of four selected points in both localities. We have found out that in the park, i.e. in the locality with a higher portion of vegetation than open space was the course of temperatures more balanced, thanks to the attribute of vegetation to keep a stable microclimate. We have not observed any major Differences between the monitored points variously located in the vegetation in one locality, but on the other hand, we have observed remarkable differences between the two monitored localities. We may allege that the ratio of vegetation and open spaces makes significant contribution to microclimatic conditions of urban environment.

scholarly journals ПРОГНОЗ РАЗМНОЖЕНИЯ ВРЕДОНОСНЫХ ПОКОЛЕНИЙ ГРОЗДЕВОЙ ЛИСТОВЕРТКИ В УСЛОВИЯХ РАВНИННО-СТЕПНОГО КРЫМА

2012 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
С. Н. Лебедев
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Lobesia Botrana ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Relative Air Humidity

Наводяться дані про залежність розвитку шкід-ливих поколінь ґронової листовійки на винограднихнасадженнях рівнинно-степового Криму від абіо-тичних чинників: середньодобової температуриповітря, суми опадів, відносної вологості повітря,а також площі листової поверхні куща винограду.На основі цих даних розроблені математичні мо-делі прогнозу розвитку фітофага, що дадуть змо-гу оптимізувати кратність і своєчасність захис-них заходів у боротьбі з зазначеним шкідником наконкретному сорті винограду. Provides information on the intent of the development ofmalicious generations Lobesia botrana of the leaf rolleron vine plantations of plain-steppe Crimea from abioticfactors: the average daily air temperature, amount of precipitation,relative air humidity, as well as the area of leafsurface bush of grapes. On the basis of these datadeveloped mathematical models of forecasting of thedevelopment of the phytophage, that allows to optimizethe frequency and timeliness of protective measures inthe fight against this pest on a particular cultivar ofgrapes.

scholarly journals Influence of Temperature‑Humidity Relations During Years on Milk Production and Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renáta Toušová ◽  
Jaromír Ducháček ◽  
Luděk Stádník ◽  
Martin Ptáček ◽  
Sylvana Pokorná
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of this study was to evaluate influence of climatic conditions represented by daily air temperature and relative air humidity on indicators of Holstein cows’ milk quality and production. The first dataset represented individual milk production in day of milk performance recording (milk kg, fat %, protein %, and somatic cells count thous.*ml−1). The second dataset represented total daily milk characteristics of herd (milk kg, fat %, protein % and somatic cells count thous.*ml−1). A total of 654 Holstein cows were observed and evaluated. Both datasets were evaluated in relation to selected external influences (year, month, average daily air temperature, and average daily relatively air humidity). Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.3, and UNIVARIATE, REG and GLM procedure. Three groups of daily air temeperature (< 4.4 °C; 4.4 – 13.2 °C; > 13.2 °C), and daily relative air humidity (< 65.3 %; 65.3 – 80.4 %; > 80.4 %) were conducted for evaluation. Significant (P < 0.05) linear regressions were computed among daily air temperature and all milk production indicators, except of somatic cells count attribute. The highest individual daily milk production (35.94 kg, P < 0.01), and protein content (3.41 %, P < 0.01) were achieved with the highest average daily air temperature. Opposite results were observed for milk yield of herd as well as protein content. Average daily relative air humidity had lower influence on individual and bulk milk samples. The better results were achieved for both datasets (individual and bulk samples) in groups (65.3 – 80.4 %; > 80.4 %) of average daily relative air humidity. Obtained results point out importance of outdoor climatic parameters monitoring and preventive measures of climatic conditions in the stable.

scholarly journals NEAPŠILTINTOS KARVIDES OPTIMALUS TEMPERATŪRINIS‐DREGMES REŽIMAS

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronius Kavolėlis ◽  
Rolandas Bleizgys
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Relative Air Humidity

The objective of the work is to substantiate the optimum values of temperature‐humidity regime in cowsheds which are required in designing and exploiting a ventilation system. An equation, which connects relative air humidity of a room with difference between inside and outside air temperature, was developed. Another equation, which shows the greatest allowed difference of temperatures under which water vapour does not condensate on the internal surface of an external partition, was composed as well. By analytical and experimental investigation, it is substantiated that possible minimum relative air humidity in a cowshed is by about 5 % lower than relative outside air humidity. Optimal difference between inside and outside air temperature in the cold period of the year is about 4 °C.

Environmental Assessment of the Impact of Meteorological Parameters on Man-Made Pollution by Carcinogenicly Dangerous Chemicals in the Voronezh Air Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
S.A. Kurolap ◽  
V.S. Petrosyan ◽  
O.V. Klepikov ◽  
V.V. Kulnev ◽  
D.Yu. Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Maximum Permissible Level ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Based on the analysis of official statistics from the Voronezh Hydrometeorological Service, the patterns of the dynamics of pollutants (formaldehyde and soot) are investigated depending on the combination of various meteorological parameters — air temperature, wind speed, relative air humidity. A positive relationship has been established between the increase in atmospheric pollution with formaldehyde and air temperature. With increasing wind speed and relative humidity, the concentration of formaldehyde and soot in the atmosphere of the city, as a rule, decrease. The maximum permissible level of carcinogenic risk to public health has been established, causing concern. The obtained patterns can be used to predict the level of technogenic pollution of the city’s atmosphere, depending on meteorological conditions.

scholarly journals Microhabitat use by three species of egret (Pelecaniformes, Ardeidae) in southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
DP. Pinto ◽  
CC. Chivittz ◽  
FB. Bergmann ◽  
AM. Tozetti
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Great Egret ◽  
Bubulcus Ibis ◽  
Ardea Alba ◽  
Relative Air Humidity

In the present study, we examined the role of different habitat components and their relationship with microhabitat use by three species of egret: Cocoi heron (Ardea cocoi), Great egret (Ardea alba), and Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis), in wetlands of southern Brazil. Ardea alba and A. cocoi were not habitat-specific (e.g. vegetation cover and flooding level). Conversely, B. ibis was associated with drier microhabitats. Relative air humidity and air temperature were the main variables which correlated with the occurrence of these species and supported the plasticity of B. ibis and its predominance in drier habitats.

scholarly journals Microclimate in the vertical profile of wheat, rape and maize canopies

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Krédl ◽  
T. Středa ◽  
R. Pokorný ◽  
M. Kmoch ◽  
J. Brotan
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Effective Height ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Climatological Station ◽  
South Moravia

The differences of air temperature and relative air humidity in wheat, rape and maize canopies at three heights (ground level, effective canopy height and 2 meters above the soil surface), and their comparison with the temperature values of the nearest standard climatological station at the height of 2 meters were studied. The microclimatic data were obtained at the field trial station of the Mendel University in Brno in the Žabčice municipality (South Moravia) in the canopies of winter wheat, winter rape and maize and from the standard climatological station located immediately next to the canopies. It was found, that wheat, rape and maize canopies microclimate differed significantly from those of their surrounding environments. The temperature was usually lower in the ground level and effective height in the wheat and rape stands, air humidity was usually higher in these crops. On the other hand, maize canopies had diverse air temperature values during the studied period.

scholarly journals Simulation of a thermal environment in two buildings for the wet processing of coffee

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (194) ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robinson Osorio Hernandez ◽  
Lina Marcela Guerra-Garcia ◽  
Ilda de Fátima Ferreira-Tinôco ◽  
Jairo Alexander Osorio-Saraz ◽  
Iván Darío Aristizábal-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Wet Processing

This study aimed to compare the bioclimate and energy consumption of two coffee wet processing facilities in Colombia, with two typical types of Colombian coffee, using computer simulation. Specifically, we evaluated the effect of the heat generated by machines and the effect of the natural ventilation area on temperature and relative air humidity inside these buildings and their energy consumption. The postharvest plant with typology b gave the best results in terms of temperature and relative humidity suitable to preserve the quality of the coffee bean. Its approximate energy consumption was 30% of the total consumed by typology a.

scholarly journals Spatio-Thermal Variability and Behaviour as Bio-Thermal Indicators of Heat Stress in Dairy Cows in a Compost Barn: A Case Study

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Frederico Márcio Corrêa Vieira ◽  
Allessandro Augusto Soares ◽  
Piotr Herbut ◽  
Edgar de Souza Vismara ◽  
Dorota Godyń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Water Trough ◽  
Thermal Indicators ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

The spatial variability and behavioural aspects of compost-bedded pack barns remain unknown in subtropical regions. In this study, we investigated whether spatial variability occurs in the thermal environment of a compost barn and how the behaviour of dairy cows with different numbers of lactations differs in this system. The spatial sampling design comprised a grid of 108 locations inside the facility. At each location, we measured air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and bed temperature at 9:00, 12:00, and 15:00. We performed 24-h behavioural observations. Regarding spatial variability, the north face showed high air temperature values, and the distribution of relative humidity varied from the north to the south face. Kriging maps revealed a high bedding temperature trend, indicating heterogeneous ventilation management. Primiparous cows visited the water trough during the hottest hours of the day, whereas multiparous cows displayed a higher probability of walking during these periods. In conclusion, we observed a heterogeneous management of ventilation through the spatial distribution of the thermal environment inside the compost-bedded pack barn, with multiparous cows exhibiting dominance over primiparous cows seeking environmental resources.

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