scholarly journals Local Energy Planning Potentialities in Reducing São Paulo’s Inequalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Mendes de Almeida Collaço ◽  
Célio Bermann
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The City ◽  
Energy Strategies

Abstract This study analyzes the local energy planning (LEP), a set of urban energy strategies and potential scope, for São Paulo from 2014 to 2030. A simulation model is used to quantify the impacts of implementing LEP strategies on the city’s energy system based on three indicators: energy demand, percentage usage of renewable sources, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The performance of LEP strategies was analyzed for two scenarios: the first reproduces the city policies in force, and the second expands the population’s access to city energy services. Considering the implementation of LEP in the first scenario, the city exhibits a 65% usage of renewable energy and a 43% reduction in GHG emissions in 2030. Furthermore, implementation of the same strategies in the second scenario, also for 2030, results in a 67% usage of renewable energy with a 24% reduction in emissions compared to 2014.

GIS-based analysis of renewable energy potentials in urban space

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. David ◽  
T. Haselmayr
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Energy Concept ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The City

Abstract GIS-based analysis of energy demand facilitates the planning and implementation of renewable energies in urban space. The process of preparing an urban energy concept concerns many actors and facilities, but increases also the acceptance of the energy transition in the proximity. A calculation of energy potentials in the city of Augsburg (Germany) illustrates an usual way of spatial energy planning.

scholarly journals A new clustering and visualization method to evaluate urban energy planning scenarios

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Torabi Moghadam ◽  
Silvia Coccolo ◽  
Guglielmina Mutani ◽  
Patrizia Lombardi ◽  
Jean Louis Scartezzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Transition Strategies ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The City

The spatial visualization is a very useful tool to help decision-makers in the urban planning process to create future energy transition strategies, implementing energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies in the context of sustainable cities. Statistical methods are often used to understand the driving parameters of energy consumption but rarely used to evaluate future urban renovation scenarios. Simulating whole cities using energy demand softwares can be very extensive in terms of computer resources and data collection. A new methodology, using city archetypes is proposed, here, to simulate the energy consumption of urban areas including urban energy planning scenarios. The objective of this paper is to present an innovative solution for the computation and visualization of energy saving at the city scale.The energy demand of cities, as well as the micro-climatic conditions, are calculated by using a simplified 3D model designed as function of the city urban geometrical and physical characteristics. Data are extracted from a GIS database that was used in a previous study. In this paper, we showed how the number of buildings to be simulated can be drastically reduced without affecting the accuracy of the results. This model is then used to evaluate the influence of two set of renovation solutions. The energy consumption are then integrated back in the GIS to identify the areas in the city where refurbishment works are needed more rapidly. The city of Settimo Torinese (Italy) is used as a demonstrator for the proposed methodology, which can be applied to all cities worldwide with limited amount of information.

Urban Building Energy Planning With Space Distribution and Time Dynamic Simulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Fu ◽  
Zhonghai Zheng ◽  
Hongfa Di ◽  
Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Urban Energy

It is important to deal with energy saving in buildings of one city level, and plan the energy system from one building to one city level. We strongly suggest conducting urban building energy planning (UBEP) in the urban planning field in China. There are two main characteristics of an urban building energy system. First, the terminal building energy demand is dynamically timely. Second, the energy demand, energy sources supply, energy equipments, and networks of heating, cooling, gas, and electricity, are distributed in an urban space. It is meaningful to conduct an innovative urban energy planning with space distribution and time dynamic simulation. Therefore, an UBEP simulation tool, developed by our research group, is introduced. Finally, a case of energy planning in Beijing City in 2010 for heating and air conditioning system is dynamically simulated and analyzed. To meet the same building energy demand in Beijing, such as heating, air conditioning, gas, and electricity, different energy equipments, such as boiler, combined heating and power, combined cooling, heating, and power system, and heat pump based on different energy sources, such as coal, gas, and electricity, should be planned alternatively. Also, an optimum urban energy system with high energy efficiency and low environmental emission can be achieved. This simulation tool contains most models of heating and cooling energy systems in China. We can validate the models with statistical data from previous or present simulation, and the simulation results in future planning can serve as guidance for the construction of municipal energy infrastructure. We can conclude that simulation in time dimension shows the characteristics of dynamic load in each nodes of the energy flow. The objective is to present the comparison of different scenarios and optimize the planning schemes.

Urban Building Energy Planning With Space Distribution and Time Dynamic Simulation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Fu ◽  
Zhonghai Zheng ◽  
Hongfa Di ◽  
Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Urban Energy

It’s important to deal with building energy-saving in one city level and plan the energy system from one building to one city level. It’s suggested strongly to conduct urban building energy planning in urban planning system in China. There are two main characteristics of urban building energy system. That is, firstly, the terminal building energy demand is dynamic timely, such as the heating, cooling, gas and electricity load of 8760 hours a year with peak and valley load. Secondly, the energy demand, energy sources supply, energy equipments and networks of heating, cooling, gas and electricity are distributed in urban space. It’s meaningful to conduct an innovative urban energy planning with space distribution and time dynamic simulation. In this paper, the energy planning method with space and time characteristics is presented and analyzed briefly. In the meanwhile, to meet the same energy demand in buildings, such as heating, air conditioning, gas and electricity, different energy equipments such as boiler, CHP, CCHP and heat pump based on different energy sources such as coal, gas and electricity can be planned and should be alternative among those energy sources and equipments. Thus, a well alternative urban energy system with high energy efficiency and low environmental emission should be simulated. Therefore, an urban building energy planning (UBEP) simulation tool developed by our research group is introduced. And finally, a case of energy planning in Beijing City in 2010 for heating and air conditioning system is simulated dynamically and analyzed.

scholarly journals Linking Dynamic Building Simulation with Long-Term Energy System Planning to Improve Buildings Urban Energy Planning Strategies

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1242-1265
Author(s):  
Lidia Stermieri ◽  
Chiara Delmastro ◽  
Cristina Becchio ◽  
Stefano Paolo Corgnati
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Simulation ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The Impact

The building sector is currently responsible of 40% of global final energy consumption, influencing the broader energy system in terms of new electricity and heat capacity additions, as well as distribution infrastructure reinforcement. Current building energy efficiency potential is largely untapped, especially at the local level where retrofit interventions are typically enforced, neglecting their potential synergies with the entire energy system. To improve the understanding of these potential interactions, this paper proposes a methodology that links dynamic building simulation and energy planning tools at the urban scale. At first, a detailed bottom-up analysis was conducted to estimate the current and post-retrofit energy demand of the building stock. The stock analysis is further linked to a broader energy system simulation model to understand the impact of building renovation on the whole urban energy system in terms of cost, greenhouse gas emission, and primary energy consumption up to 2050. The methodology is suited to analyze the relationship between building energy demand reduction potential and clean energy sources’ deployment to shift buildings away from fossil fuels, the key priority for decarbonizing buildings. The methodology was applied to the case study city of Torino, Italy, highlighting the critical role of coupling proper building retrofit intervention with district-level heat generation strategies, such as modern district heating able to exploit low-grade heat. Being able to simulate both demand and supply future alternatives, the methodology provides a robust reference for municipalities and energy suppliers aiming at promoting efficient energy policies and targeted investments.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Energy Metabolic System in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Konara Mudiyanselage Gayani Kaushalya Konara ◽  
Akihiro Tokai
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Energy Flows

Fast growing economy of Sri Lanka with an annual GDP growth rate of 5% has significantly increased demand for energy. As energy supply must grow in a sustainable way to meet the demand, concern over the environmental impact of energy flows have been gaining attention during policy development and implementation. Therefore, there is a need of comprehensively evaluating energy metabolic system in Sri Lanka to identify resource dependencies of the country that must be addressed to increase the sustainability. A conceptual energy metabolic model was developed identifying economic, social and demographic variables affecting energy demand, transformation and supply and GHG emissions in Sri Lanka. Developed model was used to evaluate the current energy flows and forecast the behaviour of energy metabolism while assessing the sustainability of the energy system using number of sustainability indicators. Developed model indicates an average annual growth rate of 4.06% in energy demand, 4.17% in non-renewable energy supply and 3.36% in GHG emissions. Transport sector has the highest GHG emissions percentage of 73%. Sustainability evaluation of the energy metabolic system shows that Sri Lanka is becoming more efficient and less energy intensive over the years. However, increase in GHG emissions per capita and emission intensity has a negative impact on the environmental sustainability while increase renewable energy share in total energy supply can be considered positive. The findings of the research give new insights to the energy system of Sri Lanka which enable energy planners to implement policies to transition towards a more secure and sustainable energy system.

Integrated Regional Energy Policy and Planning Framework

2011 ◽  
pp. 236-260
Author(s):  
Young-Doo Wang ◽  
Wei-Ming Chen ◽  
Yong-Kyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
Policy And Planning

Regional energy planning, which considers the unique pattern of local energy needs and local energy resources can be a tool to mitigate fossil fuel-triggered problems and enhance sustainability. Many researches underline the importance of regional energy planning but there exists some room for improvement in the planning approaches. This chapter introduces an Integrated Regional Energy Policy and Planning Framework (IREPP), which is conceptually comprehensive and also enhances feasibility of implementation. This framework contains important concepts of sustainable energy planning, including integrated resource planning, soft energy path, distributed generation using decentralized energy technologies, and energy-environment-economy-equity balance (E4). The IREPP also includes implementation feasibility analysis and highlights the importance of monitoring and evaluation. In the second part of this chapter, the IREPP is applied to the case of Jeju, the southernmost island of Korea. Jeju’s “Mid- and Long-Term Roadmap of Renewable Energy Planning” intends to promote renewable energy applications (a 50 percent target in 2050) in order to build a carbon free energy system. This study evaluates Jeju’s overall Roadmap via the lens of IREPP and also assesses the rational and feasibility of achieving its individual renewable target.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of a Novel Hydrogen-Based Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Both Grid-Tied and Off-Grid Power Supply in Japan: The Case of Fukushima Prefecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Takatsu ◽  
Hooman Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

After the Great East Japan Earthquake, energy security and vulnerability have become critical issues facing the Japanese energy system. The integration of renewable energy sources to meet specific regional energy demand is a promising scenario to overcome these challenges. To this aim, this paper proposes a novel hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), in which hydrogen fuel can be produced using both the methods of solar electrolysis and supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass feedstock. The produced hydrogen is considered to function as an energy storage medium by storing renewable energy until the fuel cell converts it to electricity. The proposed HRES is used to meet the electricity demand load requirements for a typical household in a selected residential area located in Shinchi-machi in Fukuoka prefecture, Japan. The techno-economic assessment of deploying the proposed systems was conducted, using an integrated simulation-optimization modeling framework, considering two scenarios: (1) minimization of the total cost of the system in an off-grid mode and (2) maximization of the total profit obtained from using renewable electricity and selling surplus solar electricity to the grid, considering the feed-in-tariff (FiT) scheme in a grid-tied mode. As indicated by the model results, the proposed HRES can generate about 47.3 MWh of electricity in all scenarios, which is needed to meet the external load requirement in the selected study area. The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of the system in scenarios 1 and 2 was estimated at 55.92 JPY/kWh and 56.47 JPY/kWh, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimal Planning and Operation of a Residential Energy Community under Shared Electricity Incentives

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2045
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Garavaso ◽  
Fabio Bignucolo ◽  
Jacopo Vivian ◽  
Giulia Alessio ◽  
Michele De Carli
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Optimal Planning

Energy communities (ECs) are becoming increasingly common entities in power distribution networks. To promote local consumption of renewable energy sources, governments are supporting members of ECs with strong incentives on shared electricity. This policy encourages investments in the residential sector for building retrofit interventions and technical equipment renovations. In this paper, a general EC is modeled as an energy hub, which is deemed as a multi-energy system where different energy carriers are converted or stored to meet the building energy needs. Following the standardized matrix modeling approach, this paper introduces a novel methodology that aims at jointly identifying both optimal investments (planning) and optimal management strategies (operation) to supply the EC’s energy demand in the most convenient way under the current economic framework and policies. Optimal planning and operating results of five refurbishment cases for a real multi-family building are found and discussed, both in terms of overall cost and environmental impact. Simulation results verify that investing in building thermal efficiency leads to progressive electrification of end uses. It is demonstrated that the combination of improvements on building envelope thermal performances, photovoltaic (PV) generation, and heat pump results to be the most convenient refurbishment investment, allowing a 28% overall cost reduction compared to the benchmark scenario. Furthermore, incentives on shared electricity prove to stimulate higher renewable energy source (RES) penetration, reaching a significant reduction of emissions due to decreased net energy import.

scholarly journals Decomposition Analysis of the Evolution of the Local Energy System as a Tool to Assess the Effect of Local Actions: Methodology and Example of Malmö, Sweden

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Isabel Azevedo ◽  
Vítor Leal
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Total Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change Mitigation

This paper proposes the use of decomposition analysis to assess the effect of local energy-related actions towards climate change mitigation, and thus improve policy evaluation and planning at the local level. The assessment of the impact of local actions has been a challenge, even from a strictly technical perspective. This happens because the total change observed is the result of multiple factors influencing local energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, many of them not even influenced by local authorities. A methodology was developed, based on a recently developed decomposition model, that disaggregates the total observed changes in the local energy system into multiple causes/effects (including local socio-economic evolution, technology evolution, higher-level governance frame and local actions). The proposed methodology, including the quantification of the specific effect associated with local actions, is demonstrated with the case study of the municipality of Malmö (Sweden) in the timeframe between 1990 and 2015.

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