Effects of cumulative school soccer matches separated by 24-h or 48-h intervals on physical recovery status of U-19 players

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Hugo Santos Rezende ◽  
Diego de Alcântara Borba ◽  
Lucas Augusto de Souza ◽  
Suene Franciele Nunes Chaves ◽  
Maria Hipólito Almeida Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Muscle Recovery ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Recovery Status

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cumulative school soccer matches separated by 24-h or 48-h intervals on the recovery status of U-19 players. Thirty-four school athletes (17.6 ± 1.1 years) who played in an U-19 school soccer competition (composed of one group with four teams and another group with three teams, followed by semifinals and final) were examined before three matches, which lasted 70 min. Seventeen athletes had a 24-h rest interval between each match (GGG group), while 18 athletes had a 48-h rest interval between the second and third matches (GG48hG group). Total Quality Recovery, countermovement jump, 10-m sprint, and maximum lumbar isometric strength were measured. The internal load of each match was calculated by the product of the session Rating of Perceived Exertion and match time. There was a 22% reduction in Total Quality Recovery (p< 0.001) and 12% in 10-m sprint performance (p< 0.001) before the third match in the GGG group, while the GG48hG group showed no changes for the same variables (p> 0.05). The countermovement jump decreased before the second match in both groups (GGG= 12% and GG48hG= 10%; p< 0.001), with no difference between groups (p> 0.05). In addition, both groups showed no changes in the isometric strength or the internal load match over the games (p> 0.05). Despite not providing complete muscle recovery, a 48-h interval between the second and third matches seems to have minimized the reduction of muscle performance due to consecutive matches.

scholarly journals TRAINING LOAD IMPACT ON RECOVERY STATUS IN PROFESSIONAL VOLLEYBALL ATHLETES

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Thiago Andrade Goulart Horta ◽  
Pedro Henrique Prazeres de Lima ◽  
Guilherme Garcia Matta ◽  
Jefferson Verbena de Freitas ◽  
Bernardo Miloski Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Recovery Status

ABSTRACT Introduction: The success of training depends on the balance between training load magnitude and recovery. Objective: Verify the effect of training load distribution on recovery status, vigor and fatigue in volleyball players during a season. Methods: Nine male athletes from a professional volleyball team participated in the study. During 19 weeks of the season, quantification of the training load was performed through the session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) method, evaluation of the athletes' recovery status through the Total Quality Recovery (TQR) scale, and evaluation of the profile of mood state through the POMS questionnaire, with research focus for the subscales vigor and fatigue. Results: The average total weekly training load (TWTL) was 3206 ± 685.5 A. Us and the average recovery of the whole season was 15.3 ± 0.57. The mean values of fatigue and vigor were 11 ± 3.05 and 19.4 ± 2.84, respectively. Significant differences were found for the variables RPE, fatigue and Energy Index (Vigor - Fatigue) in the three different periods of the season (Preparatory Period, Competitive Period I and Competitive Period II). Conclusion: It was concluded that the training load and recovery monitoring methods used throughout the season were effective in controlling the variables, with a positive impact of training loads verified on the recovery values presented by the athletes. Level of Evidence III; Diagnostic study.

scholarly journals Efeito de uma competição escolar de futebol com jogos em dias consecutivos no estado de recuperação de jogadores sub-19

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-411
Author(s):  
Suene Franciele Nunes Chaves ◽  
Matheus Santos Cerqueira ◽  
Guilherme Tucher ◽  
Bernardo Miloski ◽  
Daniel Barbosa Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Soccer Teams

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a school soccer competition with consecutive day games on the recovery status of U-19 players. Thirty-one school athletes (17.1±1.1 years) who played a U-19 school soccer competition (composed of two groups of four soccer teams each, followed by semifinals and final) were randomly evaluated. Games lasted 70 min (two periods of 35 min with 15 min rest interval), and they were played on consecutive days with 24 h between each game. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and Total Quality Recovery (TQR) were measured before group phase games (n= 31) and semifinals games (n= 18). The internal game load was measured by the session rate of perceived exertion (session-RPE) method. TQR was higher before the first game when compared to the other games (p< 0.001). DOMS increased after the first game and did not return to baseline before the fourth game. Both session-RPE and internal load of the fourth game were higher than in the other games (p< 0.001). In addition, there was no correlation between internal game load and TQR (p> 0.05). The monotony observed during the evaluated period was 3.1±2.0 AU. The results indicate that the 24 h rest period seems to be insufficient for complete recovery of U-19 soccer school athletes, suggesting the organization of U-19 school soccer competitions with higher rest interval between games and search for methods to increase the recovery rate.

scholarly journals Perceived training load and jumping responses following nine weeks of a competitive period in young female basketball players

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor de Freitas Cruz ◽  
Lucas Adriano Pereira ◽  
Ronaldo Kobal ◽  
Katia Kitamura ◽  
Cristiano Cedra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Weekly Training

The aims of this study were to describe the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), total quality recovery (TQR), and variations in countermovement jump (CMJ) height throughout nine weeks of a competitive period in young female basketball players. In total, 10 young female basketball players (17.2 ± 0.4 years; 71.8 ± 15.0 kg; 177.2 ± 9.5 cm) participated in this study. The sRPE and TQR were assessed in each training session, whereas the CMJ height was assessed prior to the first weekly training session. The magnitude-based inferences method was used to compare the sRPE, TQR, and CMJ height across the nine weeks of training. The training loads accumulated in weeks 1, 2, and 3 were likely to almost certainly be higher than in the following weeks (ES varying from 0.67 to 2.55). The CMJ height in week 1 was very likely to be lower than in weeks 2, 5, 7, and 8 (ES varying from 0.24 to 0.34), while the CMJ height of the 9th week was likely to almost certainly be higher than all previous weeks of training (ES varying from 0.70 to 1.10). Accordingly, it was observed that when higher training loads were accumulated, both CMJ and TQR presented lower values than those presented during periods with lower internal training loads. These results highlight the importance of using a comprehensive and multivariate approach to effectively monitor the physical performance of young athletes.

scholarly journals Quantifying Sub-Elite Youth Football Weekly Training Load and Recovery Variation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4871
Author(s):  
José E. Teixeira ◽  
Pedro Forte ◽  
Ricardo Ferraz ◽  
Miguel Leal ◽  
Joana Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
External Training ◽  
Recovery Status

Monitoring the training load in football is an important strategy to improve athletic performance and an effective training periodization. The aim of this study was two-fold: (1) to quantify the weekly training load and recovery status variations performed by under-15, under-17 and under-19 sub-elite young football players; and (2) to analyze the influence of age, training day, weekly microcycle, training and playing position on the training load and recovery status. Twenty under-15, twenty under-17 and twenty under-19 players were monitored over a 2-week period during the first month of the 2019–2020 competitive season. Global positioning system technology (GPS) was used to collect external training loads: total distance covered, average speed, maximal running speed, relative high-speed running distance, high metabolic load distance, sprinting distance, dynamic stress load, accelerations and decelerations. Internal training load was monitored using ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE). Recovery status was obtained using the total quality recovery (TQR) scale. The results show an age-related influence for external training load (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.29–0.86; moderate to strong effect), internal training load (p ≤ 0.001, d = 0.12–0.69; minimum to strong effect) and recovery status (p ≤ 0.001, d = 0.59; strong effect). The external training load presented differences between training days (p < 0.05, d = 0.26–0.95; moderate to strong effect). The playing position had a minimum effect on the weekly training load (p < 0.05; d = 0.06–0.18). The weekly microcycle had a moderate effect in the TD (p < 0.05, d = 0.39), RPE (p < 0.05; d = 0.35) and sRPE (p < 0.05, d = 0.35). Interaction effects were found between the four factors analyzed for deceleration (F = 2.819, p = 0.017) and between inter-day, inter-week and age for total covered distance (F = 8.342, p = 0.008). This study provided specific insights about sub-elite youth football training load and recovery status to monitor training environments and load variations. Future research should include a longer monitoring period to assess training load and recovery variations across different season phases.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Linear Mixed-Effects Models to Assess the Relationship between Objective and Subjective Internal Load in Team Sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Alice Iannaccone ◽  
Daniele Conte ◽  
Cristina Cortis ◽  
Andrea Fusco
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Random Slopes ◽  
The Relationship

Internal load can be objectively measured by heart rate-based models, such as Edwards’ summated heart rate zones, or subjectively by session rating of perceived exertion. The relationship between internal loads assessed via heart rate-based models and session rating of perceived exertion is usually studied through simple correlations, although the Linear Mixed Model could represent a more appropriate statistical procedure to deal with intrasubject variability. This study aimed to compare conventional correlations and the Linear Mixed Model to assess the relationships between objective and subjective measures of internal load in team sports. Thirteen male youth beach handball players (15.9 ± 0.3 years) were monitored (14 training sessions; 7 official matches). Correlation coefficients were used to correlate the objective and subjective internal load. The Linear Mixed Model was used to model the relationship between objective and subjective measures of internal load data by considering each player individual response as random effect. Random intercepts were used and then random slopes were added. The likelihood-ratio test was used to compare statistical models. The correlation coefficient for the overall relationship between the objective and subjective internal data was very large (r = 0.74; ρ = 0.78). The Linear Mixed Model using both random slopes and random intercepts better explained (p < 0.001) the relationship between internal load measures. Researchers are encouraged to apply the Linear Mixed Models rather than correlation to analyze internal load relationships in team sports since it allows for the consideration of the individuality of players.

scholarly journals Performance and Recovery of Well-Trained Younger and Older Athletes during Different HIIT Protocols

Sports ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Laura Hottenrott ◽  
Martin Möhle ◽  
Sarah Feichtinger ◽  
Sascha Ketelhut ◽  
Oliver Stoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Older Athletes

Due to physiological and morphological differences, younger and older athletes may recover differently from training loads. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols are useful for studying the progression of recovery. It was the objective of this study to determine age differences in performance and recovery following different HIIT protocols. Methods: 12 younger (24.5 ± 3.7 years) and 12 older (47.3 ± 8.6 years) well-trained cyclists and triathletes took part in this study. Between the age groups there were no significant differences in relative peak power to fat-free mass, maximal heart rate (HR), training volume, and VO2max-percentiles (%). Participants performed different HIIT protocols consisting of 4 × 30 s Wingate tests with different active rest intervals (1, 3, or 10 min). Peak and average power, lactate, HR, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), subjective rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and recovery (Total Quality Recovery scale, TQR) were assessed. Results: During the different HIIT protocols, metabolic, cardiovascular, and subjective recovery were similar between the two groups. No significant differences were found in average lactate concentration, peak and average power, fatigue (%), %HRmax, RER, RPE, and TQR values between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that recovery following HIIT does not differ between the two age groups. Furthermore, older and younger participants displayed similar lactate kinetics after the intermittent exercise protocols.

scholarly journals External and Internal Loads in Sports Science: Time to Rethink?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Ide ◽  
Amanda Silvatti ◽  
Craig Staunton ◽  
Moacir Marocolo ◽  
Dustin Oranchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
System Of Units ◽  
Time Distance ◽  
Displacement Speed

The International System of Units (SI) was adopted in 1960 as a universal measuring system to be used for all areas of science. Sports Science papers have shown lots of inaccurate and inappropriate terms for quantification of athletes&rsquo; performance and the psychobiological responses to exercise (e.g., internal load). In biomechanics, external and internal loads are forces acting externally and internally, inducing stress and strain in the biological tissues. Therefore, the current review present simple proposals to correct the inappropriate terms: 1) do not use the term external load when referring to the assessment of exercise time, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, torque, work, power, impulse, etc.; 2) do not use the term internal load when referring to the assessment of psychobiological stress markers (i.e., session rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, blood lactate, oxygen consumption, etc.); 3) do not use the term impulse when expressing other calculus than integrating force with respect to time, and neither strain, when expressing other phenomena than the body deformation. Instead, the term exercise intensity is universal and can be used to describe all forms of exercise. Finally, duration should precisely be described according to physical quantities (e.g., time, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, force, torque, work, power, impulse, etc.) and the units accomplish by use of the SI. These simple quantifications can be performed for the exercises, sessions, microcycles, mesocycles and macrocycles of the athletes. Such standardization will provide a consistent and clear communication among sports scientists and all areas of science.

scholarly journals Performing Repetitions To Failure in Lower-Limb Single-Joint Exercise does not Reduce Countermovement Jump Performance in Trained Male Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Bruna Costa ◽  
Danielly M. Ferreira ◽  
Petrus Gantois ◽  
Dalton de Lima-Júnior ◽  
Witalo Kassiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Total Session Time ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Repetitions To Failure

Abstract Performing repetitions to failure (RF) is a strategy that might acutely reduce neuromuscular performance, as well as increase the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the internal training load (ITL) during and after a resistance training (RT) session. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the acute effects of RF or repetitions not to failure (RNF) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and the ITL in trained male adults. Eleven men performed two experimental protocols in randomized order (RF vs. RNF). Under the RF condition, participants performed three sets of the leg extension exercise using 100% of the 10RM load and rest intervals of 180-s between sets. Under the RNF condition, participants were submitted to six sets of five repetitions with the same intensity and an 80-s rest interval between sets in the same exercise. The CMJ test was analyzed before and following (15-s and 30-min, respectively) each experimental session. The ITL was evaluated by multiplying the RPE and the total session time, 30-min after the protocol. No main effect or interaction time vs. condition was found for CMJ performance (p > 0.05). In contrast, the ITL showed higher values under the RF condition (p = 0.003). Therefore, even though RF-induced a greater ITL, our results suggest that adopting this strategy in one single-joint exercise for the lower limbs does not seem sufficient to reduce CMJ height.

Effects of Rest Interval Length on Rating of Perceived Exertion during a Multiple-Set Resistance Exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breno Q. Farah ◽  
Aluísio H. R. A. Lima ◽  
Ozéas L. Lins-Filho ◽  
Diogo J. C. A. Souza ◽  
Gleyson Q. M. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Rest Interval

scholarly journals The effects of neuromuscular performance and perceptual parameters in futsal athletes playing consecutive games

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Cristiane Blausius Salvi Hübner ◽  
Cristiano André Hübner ◽  
Martim Gomes Weber ◽  
Fernando De Souza Campos ◽  
Renan Felipe Hartmann Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outcomes Research ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Neuromuscular Performance ◽  
Jump Test

The present study aims to analyze the effects of consecutive futsal games on neuromuscular performance and rating of perceived exertion in athletes. Fourteen male futsal players (16.5 ± 0.51 years, 67.5 ± 11.1 kg; 1.73 ± 0.08 cm; 22.5 ± 2.3kg/m²) from a youth futsal team took part at the study. Our research monitored the team throughout the 4-day qualifying phase of the Campeonato Paranaense de Futsal (the Youth Futsal Championship of the State of Paraná, Brazil). The athletes underwent the following tests immediately after each futsal match: vertical jump test (Squat Jump (SJ)), Countermovement Jump test (CMJ), and a rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) session. Magnitude based inference analysis reported CMJ values likely lower after the 2nd match when compared with the results obtained after the 1st and 4th matches: (ES= -0.46 low) and (ES= -0.53 moderate), respectively. Furthermore, SJ values reported after the 2nd match are likely lower if compared with the outcomes obtained after the 1st match (ES= -0.56 moderate) and possibly lower when compared with the 3rd matches (ES= -0.45 low). PSE results were significantly different comparing the 1st and 2nd matches (p=0.04); the 1st and 3rd matches (p=0.01); and the 3rd and 4th matches (p=0.01). Moreover, the outcomes research obtained after the 1st match are very likely to be lower when compared with the results from the 2nd (ES= -0.97 high) and 3rd matches (ES= high); and almost certain lower when compared with the 2nd and 3rd matches (ES= -0.45 low). Test results research obtained after the 4th match are very likely to be lower than the ones from the 2nd (EF=-0.83 high) and 3rd matches (ES= 1.01 high). Thus, by investigating the youth futsal tournament, the study could observe under-17 athletes delivered a decreased performance in vertical jump tests throughout the 4-consecutive-day championship, which can be associated with an increased rating of perceived exertion.Keywords: team sports, physical performance, fatigue, muscle damage.

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