scholarly journals Experience of radiotherapy in head and neck

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhiancarlo Rocha MACEDO ◽  
Anna Claúdia Yokoyama dos ANJOS
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Multiprofessional Team ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
The Social

Abstract Objective: The aim of this manuscript was to understand and describe the experience of radiotherapy on the perspective of a woman with oral cancer. Methods: This is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study, with theoretical reference of medical anthropology and instrumental case study methodology. Data collection was performed in the oncology sector of a public university hospital in the Southeast region of Brazil, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil and at the participant’s residence, during from March to August, 2016. The case selected was of a female patient, diagnosed with Spinocellular Carcinoma in oral cavity, submitted to radiotherapy. Five semi-structured interviews and participant observation were performed and audio-taped. Results: Three thematic units are presented: the radiotherapy trajectory, family support and refuge in God and the importance of the multiprofessional team. The adverse reactions such as odynophagia, dysgeugia and weight loss were the ones that stood out the most, being causes of the social isolation of the participant, nonetheless the patient showed optimism and hope, despite the social isolation. Conclusion: The qualitative methodology allowed the whole trajectory of radiotherapy follow-up which made it possible to understand the treatment experience from the perspective of the participant. Despite the adverse reactions, no negative experience with radiotherapy was found. New studies using the qualitative methodology are suggested with groups presenting similar characteristics of the participant, thus providing a better understanding of the topic addressed, as well as the identification and adoption of strategies that aim at improving care and the quality of life of this population, as well.

Being old, being healthy: the dimension of health in the social representations of old age

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Gabriela Silveira de Paula ◽  
Patrícia Do Socorro Magalhães Franco Espírito-Santo
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Key Words Aging ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the social representations of the elderly on aging and experiences related to health involved in this process. Methodology: the qualitative methodology was applied; data collection was carried out through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and field journal. The interviews were recorded, and a signed a free and clear consent form was obtained, with seven elderly volunteers in Franca – São Paulo, Brazil. The study was approved by Uni-FACEF´s Research Ethics Committee (035/2009). Results: from the analyses of the interviews, three social representations were found among which health constituted the center of discussion: (1) Life silencing: a stigmatized old age where health is determined by declining physical and mental capacities; (2) New identity: an active old age where health is what provides freedom and independence; (3) A natural process: old age is an expected stage and health is spiritual well-being. Conclusions: these results show that social representations of old age are associated to the current redefinition of health; to a positive concept of health; and to the individual’s responsibility for health, that is associated with the aging reprivatization. Key words: Aging; health; social representations; contemporaneity. RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as representações sociais do idoso acerca do envelhecer e das vivências relativas à saúde implicadas neste processo. Metodologia: utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da observação participante, entrevistas semi-estruturadas, e diário de campo. Após a assinatura dos termos de consentimento livre e esclarecido, as entrevistas foram gravadas com sete idosos voluntários na cidade de Franca – SP. Para preservar a identidade dos participantes, todos os nomes utilizados neste artigo são fictícios. O projeto de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário de Franca (protocolo 035/2009). Resultados: a partir das análises das entrevistas, emergiram três RS acerca da velhice, nas quais a saúde constituiu-se em eixo de discussão: (1) A vida silenciando: uma velhice estigmatizada, em que a saúde é marcada por declínios nas capacidades físicas e mentais; (2) A Nova identidade: uma velhice ativa em que a saúde é aquilo que dá liberdade e independência; (3) Um Processo natural: a velhice é uma etapa esperada, e a saúde é o bem-estar espiritual. Conclusões: tais resultados demonstram que as RS da velhice estão associadas à atual ressignificação da saúde; a um conceito positivo de saúde; e à responsabilização individual pela saúde, a qual se associa à reprivatização do envelhecimento. Descritores: envelhecimento; saúde; representações sociais; contemporaneidade. RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las representaciones sociales de las personas mayores sobre el envejecimiento y las experiencias relacionadas con la salud implicada en este proceso. Metodología: se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, la recolección de datos fue realizada por medio de la observación participante, entrevistas semi-estructuradas y diario de campo. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, firmados los términos del consentimiento libre e informado, con siete voluntarios de la ciudad de Franca – São Paulo, Brasil. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Uni-FACEF. Resultados: a partir del análisis de las entrevistas, reveló tres representaciones sociales sobre la vejez, donde la salud se constituyó en un eje de discusión: (1) La vida silenciando: una vejez estigmatizada, donde la salud se caracteriza por la disminución de la capacidad física y mental, (2) La nueva identidad: una vejez activa, donde la salud es lo que concede libertad e independencia, (3) Un proceso natural: el envejecimiento es un paso esperado y la salud es el bienestar espiritual.  Conclusiones: Estos resultados demuestran que las representaciones sociales de la edad están asociadas con la actual resignificación de la salud; con un concepto positivo de la salud, que se asocia con la reprivatización del envejecimiento. Descriptores: Envejecimiento; salud; representaciones sociales; contemporaneidad.

scholarly journals Disability, Human Resources and Behavioral Economics: The Labour Inclusion Case of Ilunion Hotels of the Costa del Sol (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7932
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Cruz-Morato ◽  
Carmen Dueñas-Zambrana ◽  
Josefa García-Mestanza
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
The Social

The situation of labour inclusion of people with disabilities in Spain is still too negative, in spite of the different efforts carried out by public and private sector. Previous research points to social discrimination as one of the main causes of the situation. Ilunion Hotels is one of the most important hotel companies in Spain focused on labour inclusion of people with disabilities. The objective of this paper is to explore the social inclusion case of Ilunion Hotels of the Costa del Sol, the actions that they have developed to improve the labour integration of this collective, based on a behavioral economics theoretical model (with a high relevance of the influence of social stigma, stress theories and coping to stress responses). We look into the specific situation of two of the three hotels developed as Special Employment Centres (sheltered employment contexts defined by Spanish legislation) and the possible impact of their Support Units for Professional Activity. Case study methodology is considered the most appropriate, according to the research objective, supported by semi-structured interviews with the hotel managers. The results show that, although Special Employment Centres are effective in improving labour integration in the short term and could contribute to change the long-term social perspectives about workers with disabilities, they could be also reinforcing the social stigma existing in the ordinary market.

Mapping the Field of “AR”: Adventure Racing and Bourdieu’s Concept of Field

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Kay ◽  
Suzanne Laberge
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Dynamic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Adventure Racing

Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of field, this paper explores the particular stakes and struggles that animate both the relationships among adventure racing (AR) participants and the competition among race organizers in order to highlight the social dynamic and power structure of this new “lifestyle” sport. Our investigation relies on a diversity of qualitative data, namely semi-structured interviews with 37 AR participants. Adventure Racing Association Listserve discussion, and participant observation of Eco-Challenge Argentina 1999. Our analysis demonstrates that what is at stake in the AR field is both the definition of the sport practice’s legitimate form as well as its orientation with respect to two dominant delineating forces: “authenticity” and “spectacularization” of the adventure. These two forces currently constitute the specific forms of capital (sources of prestige) that define the AR field.

scholarly journals Educación superior inclusiva: Un reto para las prácticas pedagógicas

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ruth Zárate-Rueda ◽  
Sonia Patricia Díaz-Orozco ◽  
Leonardo Ortiz-Gumán
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Pedagogical Strategies ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Social

 This scientific article shows the results of a research process whose objective was to analyze the practices and pedagogical strategies implemented by teachers of the Industrial University of Santander (UIS) and the Autonomous University of Bucaramanga (UNAB); these teachers have students with sensory disabilities in their classrooms. For this goal, a qualitative methodology was adopted with a case-study approach; 27 subjects participated in this process: 20 educators and 7 students from the programs of Law, International Business, Accounting, Social Communication, Gastronomy, Music, and Philosophy. Based on a sample of homogenous cases of intentional type and semi-structured interviews, it was possible to conclude that, despite the significant advances made so far, it is required for universities to promote institutional guidelines articulating participatory work with the educational community. This community intervenes in the social reality of students with disabilities, as well as in the axes of accessibility and communication.

scholarly journals Coping in mental health during social isolation: analysis in light of Hildegard Peplau

2022 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bassani Dal’Bosco ◽  
Lara Simone Messias Floriano ◽  
Amanda Gabrieli Schuber Spósito Rangel ◽  
Mirian Cristina Ribas ◽  
Ana Paula Garbuio Cavalheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
The Face ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the coping of individuals in social isolation due to suspicion or confirmation of coronavirus infection from the perspective of Hildegard Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations. Methods: this is a qualitative, descriptive research, carried out with 34 individuals in social isolation due to suspicion or confirmation of coronavirus infection who passed through a screening tent of a university hospital in Paraná. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews in June and July 2020. Empirical categories were interpreted by content analysis. Results: four categories emerged: Distance; Social and emotional support; Self-awareness and resolution; Learning. These categories established the coping strategies. Conclusions: individuals undergoing social isolation are more likely to present problems related to mental health. It was highlighted that coping strategies, motivated by nurses, anchored in Hildegard Peplau’s theoretical framework, promoted the necessary learning for promoting participants’ mental health in the face of a pandemic context.

scholarly journals Interactions between Physicians and Patients with Neurological Diseases in Albania

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Jonida Naska
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mother Teresa ◽  
Specialist Doctor

Abstract The aim of this one year study was to assess the interaction between physicians and patients with neurological chronic diseases in public Health Care Settings in Albania. We randomly selected 25 neurologists who are employed at UHC “Mother Teresa” using short semi-structured interviews during 2015-2016. Twelve Female (mean age 37) and thirteen male (mean age 41) were interviewed. The individuals interviewed have worked an average of 14 years as neurologist in Service of Neurology, UHC “Mother Teresa’. In this study, we used qualitative methodology to better evaluate the opinion of physicians about the main concerns related to communication with patients suffering from chronic diseases. In Albania the interaction between physicians and patients is underestimated and the lack of confidence of patients for efficient communication in public health care constitutes the main findings of the all studies conducted in Albania from 1995-2017. This study showed that the social and economic characteristics of the patient directly affect the communication. Traditional norms determine the central role of the doctor in treating the patient's illness in Albania. All patients report many obstacles and a bureaucratic system that makes it difficult to meet a specialist doctor at the Service of Neurology, University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa” in Albania.

scholarly journals Gamble on the Uncertain. Negotiating Medical Decision-Making

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Helena Serra
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Medical Decision Making ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Transplant Program ◽  
The Social ◽  
Constructivist Approaches

The aim of this paper is to analyze the medical decision-making process in the admission of patients into a Liver Transplant Program in a hospital in Lisbon, Portugal. The relationships and main strategies established among the medical specializations involved in this process will be investigated. The theoretical basis was drawn from medical sociology, in particular, from the social constructivist approaches, which highlight the relation between medical power and knowledge in the construction of medical decision-making. I attempt to elucidate the processes of negotiation through which a medical decision is constructed. The research methodology included non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews with participants from the two medical specializations of interest: liver surgeons and hepatologists. The management of risk and uncertainty in relation to patients’ access to liver transplantation is discussed and the strategic alliances that are formed during medical decision-making in search of consensus are investigated. The research findings show that medical practices and knowledge do not converge linearly to produce a coherent network of actions with a view to decision-making. Instead, medical decision-making is constructed through complex processes of negotiation. The different natures and levels of uncertainty and indetermination that are inherent in the social world of medicine have a fundamental influence on medical decision-making.

scholarly journals Perception of Brazilian Companies on the Potential and Concrete Benefits Resulting from the FSC Certification

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1622
Author(s):  
Camila Fagundes ◽  
Dusan Schreiber ◽  
Moema Pereira Nunes ◽  
Maria Eduarda Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Forest Stewardship Council ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Forest Stewardship

Concern with the adequate use of natural resources has increased the relevance of products certifications in the wood supply chain, especially in companies established in Brazil, the cradle of one of the largest forest reserves. This study investigates the perception of companies on the potential and concrete benefits resulting from the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification. To achieve this, a multiple case study was carried out with data triangulation through semi-structured interviews, documentary research and non-participant observation. Four FSC certified industries established in Brazil were analyzed. The results showed that of the four companies participating in the study, only one did not achieve the desired economic benefits, whereas all organizations accomplished the advantages of the other areas of sustainability, both the social and environmental.

Digital Learning Management Systems Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Abdeleh Bassam Al Amoush ◽  
Kamaljeet Sandhu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Learning Management Systems ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Learning Management

Digital learning management systems (DLMSs) are an important and a necessary educational tool for learning activities. The universities are using the digital LMS (DLMS) tools that are unique to their environment. Different universities have different DLMS tools that are software driven and allow the users (management, instructors, and students) to use them for regular tasks. This research discusses the qualitative data collected using the case study methodology. In this research, case study design was selected for the qualitative methodology and semi-structured interviews were employed as the data collection method. The research provides an analysis of the interviews, to gain insights into instructors' perspectives regarding the factors influencing the implementation of the digital learning management system in the higher education sector.

Imagined innocence meets lived experience

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Lightner
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Marginalized Youth ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ya Literature ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Literature Class

Purpose The purpose of this study was to challenge pre-service teachers’ (PSTs) assumptions about youth readers, the researcher in this study invited a group of three seventh-grade students to attend a multicultural young adult (YA) literature class designed for PSTs at a large mid-western university. Design/methodology/approach Using qualitative methodology, the researcher strove to answer the following question: How can instructors use youth literature and teaching practices to shift the way that youth readers are perceived – especially marginalized youth – within educational institutions? Data sources included participant observation and field notes, semi-structured interviews with participating seventh-grade students, discussion artifacts, lesson plans and discussion transcripts. Findings The author found that the seventh-grade students in this study shared intertextual connections and offered critical readings of text and the world that had the potential to challenge PSTs’ notions of how YA literature can, and should, be used in classrooms. Importantly, the adolescent students were also able to see themselves as competent participants in collegiate dialogue around texts. Originality/value Much research has been done on the value of giving PSTs experiences in school field experiences, but this research highlights the power of interactions between adolescents and PSTs in a university classroom.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document