The relationship between the component composition of the body and the rate of aging of student youth

Were examined 120 young men and young women. The analysis of the component composition was carried out using bioimpedance analysis by the MEDASS device. The coefficient of the aging rate was calculated according to the formula of A.G. Gorelkina. A correlation was established between the components of body composition and the rate of aging. The probability of accelerated aging of the body increases in the presence of excess fat mass. 25% of young men and 18.3% of young women belong to the risk group with an increased content of adipose tissue and a reduced content of skeletal muscles. Key words: aging, biological age, body component composition, students.

The “Mix-Factor” is involved in the regulation of the organism's redox systems in the late stages of ontogenesis and affects the lifespan of animals

the content of lipid hydroperoxides in the serum and liver mitochondria in animals in the late stages of ontogenesis (12 and 33 months old, Wistar male rats) was investigated. The possible effect of the food additive (“mix factor”) on these parameters in 33 months old animals, if they received this supplement from 22 months age daily throughout life in a dose of 0.05 - 0.06 ml / 100 g of body weight was determined. Moreover, the lifespan of animals was determined if they started taking a mix – factor from 22 months and from 30.5 months age. The influence of the mix – factor on the ability of old animals to perform work was determined in a separate series of experiments. It was shown that from 22 to 33 months the content of lipid hydroperoxides in mitochondria and serum increased by 23% and 41%, respectively. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the serum, mitochondria and erythrocytes decreased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased only in the post-mitochondrial fraction of the liver. At the same time, malate– isocitrate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphate dehydrogenase remained unchanged in 33 months old animals compared with 12 months old animals. If animals from 22 months age received a mix factor with drinking water in a dose of 0.05-0.06 mg / 100 g of body weight every day until the end of life, the content of lipid hydroperoxides and the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase of 33 months old animals did not differ from 12 months old animals. The survival curve in animals receiving the mix factor was shifted to the right from 25 to 28 months of age compared with the survival curve of control animals. If animals began to receive the mix – factor at a very old age (from 30.5 months age) until the end of life, their lifespan was longer than that of the control animals. The last ones lived to 41 months, while the animals of the control group lived to 36 months. At the same time, the mix – factor increased the ability of old animals to do work in the test “running in treadmill”. Key words: aging, redox-system, geroprotectors, lifespan

Segmental Representation of Intimal Thickness in Ascending Aorta as Early Clinical Marker of Aging

Background: Intimal thickness is the innermost layer of aorta; play a vital role in development of atherosclerotic changes. It may vary in the different parts of the aorta and may increase with age. Methods: 120 aortas of adult human forensic bodies were taken. Histological slides were formed and the thickness of different segments of aorta were measured microscopically. Data were statically analyzed using ANOVA, p test methods. Results and Discussion: There is no significant difference of Intimal thickness in different segments of ascending aorta though it significantly increase with age may be due to accumulation of medial SMCs into intima. Results agree with previous workers. Conclusion: No significant difference between different segments of ascending aorta and it increase with age showing the aging aorta and early sign of atherosclerotic changes. KEY WORDS: Aging, Intimal thickness, Age Groups, Smooth Muscle Cells, Medial thickness.

The effects of myricitrin and vitamin E against reproductive changes induced by D-galactose as an aging model in female mice: An experimental study

Background: Aging is accompanied by decreasing general function in the cells and tissues. D-galactose (D-gal) induces aging and plays a role in the pathogenesis of it. Myricitrin is a plant-derived antioxidant. Objective: The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of myricitrin on antioxidant defense, sex hormone levels, uterus, and ovarian histology in D-galinduced aging female mouse model. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 72 female adult NMRI mice, weighing 30-35 gr, 3-4 months old, were randomly divided into six groups (n = 12/each): (I) Control (vehicle; normal saline), (II) D-gal at 500 mg/kg/d for 45 days, (III-V) D-gal + myricitrin-treated groups (these groups received myricitrin at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/d, and (VI) D-gal + 100 mg/kg/d vitamin E orally for the last 28 days. The antioxidant indices were done on the basis of colorimetric method, and sex hormone levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Histological assessment of the uterus and ovaries were also evaluated. Results: D-gal impaired the estrous cycle, also degenerative changes occur in the ovarian follicles and damage to the uterus and ovarian tissue occurrs. In D-gal group, the level of sex hormones (p = 0.03) and the total antioxidant capacity (p = 0.002) decreased, while the level of malondialdehyde and gonadotropins increased (p = 0.03). Myricitrin at lower doses and vitamin E ameliorated the D-gal effects. Conclusion: These findings suggest that myricitrin can effectively prevent D-galinduced oxidation and aging in mice. The effect of myricitrin was equivalent and sometimes better than vitamin E. Key words: Aging, D-galactose, Mice, Myricitrin, Vitamin E.

SAÚDE E SENTIDO DE VIDA: AS VIVÊNCIAS DO ENVELHECER

O presente estudo tem por objetivo compreender como os idosos vivenciam a saúde, sentido de vida, e como os aspectos psicossociais influenciam no processo de envelhecer. A partir da metodologia descritiva-qualitativa, tendo como fundamento a abordagem da logoterapia e analise existencial de Frankl, a pesquisa abarca uma atitude integrativa, buscando concepções de vontade do sentido, sentido da vida, liberdade da vontade. Foram realizadas cinco entrevistas com idosos do grupo de extensão Girassol da UFRR. Na análise foram identificados eixos temáticos: experiências do cotidiano da velhice, relações Interpessoais como apoio social, saúde e dificuldades corpóreas deparadas no cotidiano, percepções da finitude e desejos e/ou sonhos a serem conquistados. A maioria dos participantes menciona a família como fundamental na vida do indivíduo, seguido de amigos e grupos sociais, apoiando-os no enfrentamento do cotidiano. Alguns colaboradores ressignificam a perda de seu trabalho quando até então não tiveram uma preparação para a aposentadoria. Pode-se perceber que mesmo diante da tensão vivida pelas transformações psicossociais eles se mostram na existência entre ser e dever-ser. Eles abordaram o tema do corpo, levando-os a respeitar os limites impostos pela realidade e buscar o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida cotidianamente. Palavras: envelhecimento, aposentadoria, aspectos psicossociais, psicogerontologia e logoterapia. HEALTH AND MEANING OF LIFE: AGING EXPERIENCES This study’s aim was to understand how elderly individuals experience health and the meaning of life, and how psychosocial aspects influence the aging process. Using a descriptive-qualitative methodology based on the logotherapy approach and Frankl’s existential analysis, this study has an integrative nature, seeking conceptions of will to meaning, meaning of life, and freedom to activate will. Five interviews were held with elderly individuals from the UFRR’s extension group, Girassol. The following thematic axes were identified: routine aging experiences; interpersonal relationships as social support; health and bodily difficulties encountered in daily life; and perception of finitude and desires and/or dreams to be achieved. Most participants report that family is essential in an individual’s life, followed by friends and social groups, who help them cope with everyday life. Some resignify the loss of their occupations at a time they had not yet prepared for retirement. Even though they experience tension due to psychosocial transformations, they show themselves in existence between being and must-be. They addressed the body topic, which makes them respect limitations imposed by reality, seeking wellbeing and quality of life in everyday life. Key words: aging, retirement, psychosocial aspects, psychogerontology, and logotherapy.

Preoperative Evaluation of the Elderly Surgical Patient

The elderly population uses a significant portion of health care resources in the United States and poses an increasing challenge to perioperative care. Many reports point to both increasing age and frailty as important risk factors for short-term mortality; cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal complications; and increased length of stay and hospital costs following operation. To provide the best care for the aging US population, it is important for the clinician to be familiar with the appropriate presurgical workup specific to the comorbidities prevalent to the elderly population. This review discusses the postoperative complications facing elderly surgical patients and the physiologic complications of aging, with a particular emphasis on the concept of frailty as a predictor of major morbidity and mortality. With age and comorbidities in mind, this review discusses the relevant preoperative cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal workup and includes important guidelines for appropriate risk assessment and reduction in the elderly surgical patient. This review contains 1 figure, 5 tables, and 86 references. Key words: aging, anesthesia, elderly, frailty, outcomes, preoperative workup, risk assessment

Preoperative Evaluation of the Elderly Surgical Patient

The elderly population uses a significant portion of health care resources in the United States and poses an increasing challenge to perioperative care. Many reports point to both increasing age and frailty as important risk factors for short-term mortality; cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal complications; and increased length of stay and hospital costs following operation. To provide the best care for the aging US population, it is important for the clinician to be familiar with the appropriate presurgical workup specific to the comorbidities prevalent to the elderly population. This review discusses the postoperative complications facing elderly surgical patients and the physiologic complications of aging, with a particular emphasis on the concept of frailty as a predictor of major morbidity and mortality. With age and comorbidities in mind, this review discusses the relevant preoperative cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal workup and includes important guidelines for appropriate risk assessment and reduction in the elderly surgical patient. This review contains 1 figure, 5 tables, and 86 references. Key words: aging, anesthesia, elderly, frailty, outcomes, preoperative workup, risk assessment

Nature and Clinical Impact of Physiologic Changes Associated with Aging

This review highlights important age-related changes at the physiologic level and their clinical consequences. Latest societal guidelines and consensus expert opinions on pre- and perioperative management of elderly surgical patients are discussed. Age-related postoperative complications, including precipitating factors and appropriate management, are summarized. The latest advancements in the management of important surgical problems in geriatric populations are outlined. This review contains 4 figures, 8 tables, and 103 references. Key words: aging, elderly patient, immunosenescence

Nature and Clinical Impact of Physiologic Changes Associated with Aging

This review highlights important age-related changes at the physiologic level and their clinical consequences. Latest societal guidelines and consensus expert opinions on pre- and perioperative management of elderly surgical patients are discussed. Age-related postoperative complications, including precipitating factors and appropriate management, are summarized. The latest advancements in the management of important surgical problems in geriatric populations are outlined. This review contains 4 figures, 8 tables, and 103 references. Key words: aging, elderly patient, immunosenescence

Successful Aging

The number of older adults in our society is increasing rapidly. Aging is complex and may occur at varying rates across multiple domains, including biological aging, cognitive aging, and emotional aging. Age-related medical conditions are now among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among older adults, making healthy aging a major public health priority. Successful aging encompasses more than longevity, medical health, or freedom from disability. It can be viewed as a multidimensional construct including minimization of disability and medical illness combined with maximization of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. We review the current literature regarding successful aging. We also discuss strategies to improve the likelihood of successful aging and several key advances, such as definitions of successful aging in different populations, neuroplasticity of aging, wisdom as an empirical construct, the concept of a good (or successful) death, and the development of age-friendly communities. This review contains 3 figures, 5 tables, and 53 references. Key words: aging, elderly, older adult, successful aging, successful aging interventions