scholarly journals SEED TREATMENT WITH TRICHODERMA AND CHEMICALS TO IMPROVE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITY OF WHEAT CULTIVARS1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-823
Author(s):  
ANA PAULA SILVA COUTO ◽  
ALANA EMANOELE PEREIRA ◽  
JULIA ABATI ◽  
MAIRA LAÍZA CAMARGO FONTANELA ◽  
CLAUDIA REGINA DIAS-ARIEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Wheat Diseases

ABSTRACT Seed treatment with fungi of the genus Trichoderma spp. provides several benefits, including plant growth promotion, stress tolerance, and pathogenic fungi control. Moreover, to avoid inadequate doses and unnecessary costs, these treatments must be applied in proper amounts. However, no study has evaluated their applicability in wheat seeds. This study aimed to determine the most efficient dose of Trichoderma-based products applied as a seed treatment for improving the physiological and sanitary quality of the wheat cultivars TBIO ‘Toruk’ and TBIO ‘Sossego’, besides comparing the performance of biological and chemical agents. Two biological treatments (Trichoderma asperellum SF 04 and Trichoderma harzianum IBLF006) were applied at 0 (control), 5 × 10 11 , 1 × 10 12 , 1.5 × 10 12 , and 2 × 10 12 colony-forming units (CFU) 100 kg–1 seed. Two chemical treatments (carboxin + thiram and pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil) were applied at the manufacturers’ recommended doses. Seed germination, shoot and root lengths, seedling dry matter, and sanitary quality were analyzed under laboratory conditions, while seedling emergence, shoot length, and shoot dry matter were analyzed under greenhouse conditions. The optimal dose for wheat seed treatment with T. asperellum SF 04 and T. harzianum IBLF006 was 2 × 10 12 CFU 100 kg–1 seed. When comparing biological and chemical products, our findings indicate that both options are adequate for managing wheat diseases and providing seedling growth via seed treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of fungal incidence on physiological quality of tobacco seeds used in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Sayuri Ishizuka ◽  
Maria Heloisa Duarte de Moraes ◽  
Maria Helena Carmignani Pescarin Chamma ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Pulcinelli ◽  
José Otavio Machado Menten
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Tobacco Seed ◽  
Tobacco Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Seeds Germination

ABSTRACT: The objectives of the present project were to evaluate the sanity and germination of tobacco seed samples cultivated in Brazil and to identify potential pathogenic fungi to the culture. Thirty-four representatives samples of tobacco seeds were evaluated through germination and sanity test by the blotter-test. On the germination test, results were expressed in percentage of seedlings considered normal, abnormal and non-germinated seeds. The percentage of seeds germination varied between 54.5 and 90%. According to sanity test, it was verified the incidence of Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., and Phoma spp. The incidence of A. alternata varied from 3 to 67%, and Fusarium spp. varied from 0 to 19%. There was significative positive correlation between the incidence of A. alternata and the percentage of seed germination. Species of Alternaria and Fusarium can be potential pathogens to tobacco culture and an alarm for the necessity of seed treatment of the seeds that are transporting these fungi.

scholarly journals Treatment with fungicides and insecticides on the physiological quality and health of wheat seeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Abati ◽  
Claudemir Zucareli ◽  
José Salvador Simoneti Foloni ◽  
Fernando Augusto Henning ◽  
Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Physiological Quality

Seed treatment with insecticides and fungicides has become an important practice for ensuring initial plant stand in establishing crops. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of chemical seed treatment with insecticides and fungicides on the physiological quality and health of the seeds of wheat cultivars. Seeds of the wheat cultivars BRS Pardela and BRS Gaivota were used, subjected to the following chemical treatments: 1- control, 2- carboxin + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb, 3- carbendazim + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb, 4- fipronil + thiophanate-methyl + pyraclostrobin, 5- triadimenol + imidacloprid + thiodicarb, 6- fipronil, and 7- imidacloprid + thiodicarb. Physiological quality was evaluated by tests of germination, accelerated aging, the length and dry weight of shoots and roots, and seedling emergence in the field. Seed health quality was evaluated by the blotter test method. The seeds of the wheat cultivars tested respond differently to the chemical treatments in regard to effects on germination and vigor. The treatment with triadimenol + imidacloprid + thiodicarb is harmful to seedling development. For the BRS Gaivota cultivar, the seed treatment with carboxin + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb; and carbendazim + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb improved seedling establishment in the field compared to the control.

scholarly journals Bacterial Formulations in Induction of Resistance and Growth Promotion of Tomato Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
José R. M. Campos Neto ◽  
Rafael Ribeiro Chaves ◽  
Diogo Herison Silva Sardinha ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Lima Melo ◽  
Antônia Alice Costa Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Induction Of Resistance

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of seed treatment with fresh suspensions and powder formulations with Bacillus methylotrophicus to promote plant growth and induction of resistance against fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions, verifying the occurrence of morphological and biochemical changes in the evaluated plants. Powder formulations based on Cassava (Manihot esculenta), Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) and sodium alginate containing Bacillus, in addition to the commercial product Quartz®, were used to microbiolize the tomato seeds of the cultivar Santa Cruz. The formulations promoted plant growth, with a seedling vigor index greater than 50% for all treatments containing B. mthylotrophicus, in addition to a significant increase in total dry matter. The treatments induced systemic resistance, controlling the fusarium wilt with a 75% reduction of the disease and activation of enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase, only β-1,3-glucanase presented less activity than controls (treatments without B. mthylotrophicus). Thus, the use of formulations containing Bacillus are efficient in promoting plant growth of tomato plants and in inducing resistance to the control of fusarium wilt.

scholarly journals Physiological potential of soybean seeds treated in the industry with and without the application of dry powder

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Julia Abati ◽  
Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽  
Claudemir Zucareli ◽  
Denis Santiago Costa ◽  
Ademir Assis Henning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Dry Powders ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Germination Speed

Abstract: In soybean crops, industrial seed treatment is widely adopted, and it has allowed the development of new technologies, such as the use of dry powders. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of the industrial treatment, with and without the additional application of dry powder, on the physiological potential of soybean seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4×2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Four chemical treatments were evaluated: 1) control, 2) carbendazim + thiram + thiamethoxam, 3) carbendazim + thiram, 4) thiamethoxam. Each trial was divided into one group that was treated and the other that remained untreated with the dry powder. The cultivars BRS 360 RR and BRS 284 were used and analyzed separately. The physiological potential of the seeds was determined by the following assessments: germination, first germination count, seedling emergence in sand, seedling total length, shoot length, and root length. Soybean cultivars respond differently to seed chemical treatments, regarding the effects on physiological potential. Using the dry powder results in problems in seed germination speed in the cultivar BRS 284. In the cultivar BRS 360 RR, the use of dry powder associated with thiamethoxam treatment reduces the physiological potential of the seeds.

Effects of rumen-protected methionine supplementation on growth performance, nitrogen balance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs fed diets containing buckwheat straw

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-345
Author(s):  
Haiqing Li ◽  
Biwei Jiang ◽  
Yuxiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Reference Tissue ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to determine the effects of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) supplementation on growth performance, nitrogen (N) balance, carcass traits, and meat quality of lambs fed diets containing buckwheat straw. Twenty male Tan lambs from Ningxia were housed in individual pens and were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments that were supplemented with RPM at levels of 0 (control), 1.5 (T1), 3.0 (T2), 4.5 (T3), and 6.0 g d−1 (T4). Dry matter intake was higher in T4 than control (P < 0.05). The feed:gain ratio generally reduced with increasing dietary RPM, but the lowest ratio was found in T3 (P < 0.05). Dry matter digestibility and N retention were highest in T3 (P < 0.05) while N excretion was the lowest. Carcass fat weight and grid reference tissue depth increased while drip loss decreased by supplemental RPM, and significant differences were found between T4 and control (P < 0.05). However, pH, color, cooking loss, and shear force were not affected. The results from this study demonstrated that dietary RPM supplementation may be able to improve the feed efficiency, N utilization, and meat quality of lambs; however, the optimal dose of RPM needs to be explored further.

scholarly journals Quality of soybean seeds treated with fungicides and insecticides before and after storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Rafaela Aparecida de Carvalho ◽  
Laís Sousa Resende ◽  
Cassiano Gabriel Moreira Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Treatment Application

Abstract: The timing of seed treatment application is important to keep soybean seeds quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was verify the effect of fungicides and insecticides treatment in soybean seeds quality before and after storage. Seeds of NS 7494, NS 8693 and NS 7338 IPRO were utilized and analyses separately, through a factorial scheme 3x6, with three application moments: treated and assessed; treated, stored and assessed; stored, treated and assessed; and six combination of fungicides and insecticides: Cropstar(r) + Derosal Plus(r); Cropstar(r) + Maxim xl(r); Cruiser(r) + Derosal Plus(r); Cruiser(r)+ Maxim xl(r); Standak Top(r) and the control group. Germination, seedling emergence, accelerate aging, cold and health tests were performed. It was determined that the combination with Cruiser(r) doesn't affect the physiological quality of soybean seeds treated and assessed, and treated after two month of storage. Cropstar(r) + Derosal plus(r) keeps physiological quality of soybean seeds stored and treated for two months, while Standak top(r) has negative effect. The combination with Cropstar(r) damages the physiological quality of soybean seeds treat after two months of storage. The fungicide Derosal plus(r) improves the health quality of soybean seeds regardless treatment moment.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of castor bean seeds originating from different racemes in the plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽  
Eduardo Fontes Araújo ◽  
Roberto Fontes Araújo ◽  
Maria Aparecida Vilela de Resende ◽  
Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Critical Phases

The harvesting is one of the most critical phases in castor bean seed production system, once physiological quality of the seeds produced in the different types of racemes in the plant can be affected. The aim of this study was assessing physiological quality of castor bean seeds in function of position of the racemes on plant. Castor bean seeds, cv. IAC-226, harvested separately at distinct periods from primary, secondary, and tertiary racemes, or of mixture of seeds originating from the different types of racemes were used. Soon after harvest, the following determinations were performed: moisture content; 1,000 seeds weight; germination; first count of germination; seedling emergence; emergence speed index; and length and dry matter of seedlings. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four repetitions. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means were compared by Tukey test, at 5% probability. The seeds from primary racemes present higher weight and vigor as compared to seeds produced on other types of racemes. Seeds originating from secondary and tertiary racemes present post-harvest dormancy, being this event more evident on seeds originating from tertiary racemes.

scholarly journals Bio-inoculant formulations for enhanced seedling emergence and pasture growth

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 147-148
Author(s):  
D.R.W. Kandula ◽  
A. Stewart ◽  
J. Mcdermid ◽  
D. Gale ◽  
J. Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Glasshouse Screening

Soil-borne damping-off diseases are a major constraint limiting pasture seedling emergence and yield. Large scale laboratory and glasshouse screening of beneficial micro-organisms against several host/pathogen systems was conducted to identify efficient bio-control and growthpromoting microbes. This was followed by field-testing of the best microbes and their formulations for efficient application techniques. The research identified a number of fungal (Trichoderma spp.) and bacterial (Paenibacillus spp.) isolates which suppressed damping-off diseases and promoted plant growth of various pasture species. Preliminary field-trials with granule and seed-coat formulations confirmed the glasshouse results. Intensive research trials with a mix of four T. atroviride isolates, providing growth promotion and disease control activity, led to the development of a prototype pasture seed additive product. Keywords: damping-off diseases, Paenibacillus spp., seed-coating, Trichoderma spp.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SEED DRESSING CHEMICALS ON EMERGENCE, YIELD AND AGAINST SOIL & SEED BORN DISEASES OF WHEAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahbaz ◽  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Faqir Ahmad ◽  
Aftab Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Untreated Plot ◽  
Loose Smut ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Diseases ◽  
Seed Dressing

Field studies were carried out at Adaptive Research Farm, Sheikhupura Punjab, Pakistan having rice- wheat cropping system to evaluate the efficacy of three different fungicides against seed or soil borne wheat diseases (Root rot, Loose smut & Black Point disease) during two successive seasons 2015-16 & 2016-17.The fungicides were Thiophenate methyl, compound fungicides i.e. Tubeconzol+ imidachloprid and Difenoconazol + cypnoconazol used as seed treatment at the rate of 2.5 g , 4 ml & 1 ml per kg of seed respectively. Incidence of root rot, loose smut & black point disease was recorded by selecting 15 plants, 100 plants & 100 seeds randomly of each treatment from each plot respectively in comparison with untreated control. All the fungicides significantly increased the seedling emergence per square meter about 15 percent as compared to untreated plot. Tubeconzol+ imidachloprid and Difenoconasol +cypnoconazol were the most effective seed dressing fungicide and reduced the number of rotted roots , loose smut infected spikes and black point infested seeds. Maximum number of productive tillers per square meter, healthy grains per spike and yield kg per hectare were recorded with compound fungicide Tubeconzol+ Imidachloprid followed by Difenoconazol + Cypnoconazol treated plots as compared to untreated plot.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF THE HARVEST AND QUALITY OF AVERAGE-EARLY POTATO TUBERS OF GALA VARIETY, DEPENDING ON THE INCLUDED DOSES OF POTASSIUM FERTILIZERS ON THE GRAY FOREST SOIL OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сергей Артамонов ◽  
Sergey Artamonov ◽  
Владимир Владимиров ◽  
Vladimir Vladimirov ◽  
Антонина Мостякова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Substance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
High Doses

The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of an application of increasing doses of potash fertilizers in the potatoes cultivation of the middle-early ripeness group of Gala variety on the background of the use of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers and sulfur in the dose of N90Р120S30. Studies were carried out in 2016-2018. The soil of the experimental site of gray forest medium loamy granulometric composition had the following agrochemical characteristics: pH of salt extract - 5.4-5.7; humus content - 3.28-3.41%; easily hydrolyzed nitrogen - 146-160 mg per kg; mobile phosphorus - 140-152, exchangeable potassium - 146-160 mg per kg of soil. Potassium fertilizers were applied in increasing doses - К30, К60, К90, К120, К150, К180 kg of the active substance together with the background fertilizers - N90Р120S30 and microelements deficient in this soil: copper, boron and molybdenum in the composition of ZhUSS-1 and ZhUSS-2. The influence of the studied doses of fertilizers on crop yield, dry matter content, vitamin C, starch and nitrates has been established. On average of three years, the productivity of tubers was 21.67 tons per hectare. When applying background fertilizers (N90Р120S30) compared with the control, it increased by 4.32 tons per hectare. The optimal dose of potash fertilizer on the background of N90Р120S30 for potatoes grown under irrigation was К150, where the average yield of three years was 34.42 tons per hectare. A further increase in the dose of fertilizers did not significantly increase the productivity. On average of three years, the highest dry matter content was 22.81% and starch - 13.15% was noted in the variant, where potassium was applied in a dose of К180 kg of the active substance together with background fertilizers and microelements. With the introduction of high doses of potassium (К150 and К180 kg of the active substance), the content of dry matter and starch did not significantly differ from those in the control.

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