scholarly journals Heavy metal contents in Latosols cultivated with vegetable crops1

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laércio Santos Silva ◽  
◽  
Izabel Cristina de Luna Galindo ◽  
Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento ◽  
Romário Pimenta Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Metal Contents

ABSTRACT Heavy metals are naturally found in soils, but their levels may increase as a result of anthropogenic actions. This study aimed at determining the concentrations of Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in Yellow Latosol from vegetable crops areas, as well as the influence of the cultivation and position in the landscape on the accumulation of these elements. Soil samples were collected from five farming areas and four areas with natural vegetation, which served as a reference. Soil was collected along the planting rows from three transect positions (upper, middle and lower sections of the slope), as well as from the upper portion of forest areas, at three depths (0.0-0.10 m, 0.10-0.30 m and 0.30-0.60 m). The results from the chemical analyses indicated that Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn levels in the soil increased as a result of cultivation. Only Cd and Cu concentrations were above the quality reference values for the Pernambuco State. The multivariate analysis techniques used were efficient at separating the environments and at differentiating the origin of the metals. Soils from forest areas were clearly separated from croplands, demonstrating the effect of agricultural practices on the metal contents in the soils. The principal component analysis indicated a predominantly anthropogenic origin (phosphate fertilizing) for Cd, in more superficial soil samples.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals in soils of a vineyard region with the use of principal component analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Souza Valladares ◽  
Otávio Antônio de Camargo ◽  
José Ruy Porto de Carvalho ◽  
Alessandra Maria Cia Silva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils ◽  
Cu And Zn

Agricultural management with chemicals may contaminate the soil with heavy metals. The objective of this study was to apply Principal Component Analysis and geoprocessing techniques to identify the origin of the metals Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr and Cd as potential contaminants of agricultural soils. The study was developed in an area of vineyard cultivation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Soil samples were collected and GPS located under different uses and coverings. The metal concentrations in the soils were determined using the DTPA method. The Cu and Zn content was considered high in most of the samples, and was larger in the areas cultivated with vineyards that had been under the application of fungicides for several decades. The concentrations of Cu and Zn were correlated. The geoprocessing techniques and the Principal Component Analysis confirmed the enrichment of the soil with Cu and Zn because of the use and management of the vineyards with chemicals in the preceding decades.

Investigation of Soil Heavy Metal in Zhehai Town Huize County Yunnan Based on GIS- Approach and Geostatistics

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3067-3074
Author(s):  
Kun Shi ◽  
Dong Sheng Li ◽  
Bi Yun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Soil Area

1144 sample points were collected using PXRF from an area of 99 square kilometers soil area Zhehai town Huizhe county of Yunnan province to acquire their concentrations and possible sources, and characterize their spatial variability for risk assessment. SPSS16.0 was used to deal the raw date and eliminate the outfits and perform Multivariate analysis (correlation matrix, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis). It discriminate distinct groups of heavy metals. From the Range of the semi-variorum models, it obtained elements spatial structure and the contamination resource caused mainly by natural resource or anthropogenic activities. The result of risk assessment attained the percentage of pollution accounts for whole investigate region, which provides the reference to deal with the soil pollution.

scholarly journals Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Soils Associated with the Commonly Used Pesticides in Cotton Fields

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadia Rashid Tariq ◽  
Musharaf Shafiq ◽  
Ghayoor Abbas Chotana
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Cotton Fields

Agricultural soils contain both heavy metals and pesticides originating from various agricultural practices. It is quite important to study the relationships between these two classes of compounds. To accomplish this, 52 soil samples were collected from cotton fields and analyzed for their metal contents (Ni, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr, and Cd) and levels of most commonly used pesticides (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and emamectin). FAAS was used for metal estimation and the pesticides were determined by HPLC equipped with UV detector. The results of the study revealed slightly enhanced levels of Ni and Cd in these samples while the rest of the metals were present within tolerable range. Acetamiprid residues in soil were strongly positively correlated with Cu and negatively correlated with Cr. Similarly, imidacloprid in soil was negatively correlated with Ni. Thus it was evidenced that Cu stabilizes acetamiprid while Cr and Ni facilitate the degradation of acetamiprid and imidacloprid in the soil.

scholarly journals Heavy metal index and geographical information system (GIS) approach to study heavy metal contamination: a case study of north Chennai groundwater

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Mahapatra ◽  
T. Venugopal ◽  
A. Shanmugasundaram ◽  
L. Giridharan ◽  
M. Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Information System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Metal Index ◽  
Drinking Purpose

AbstractFifty-four groundwater samples were collected from the highly industrialized area of north Chennai. These groundwater samples were tested for Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cr in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods of 2015–2016. Most of the samples in the area were found to have high concentration of heavy metals. Geographical information system was used to develop contour maps for the analysis of heavy metals, and it has been found that most of the Ambattur area was affected by the heavy metals in both the seasons. ANOVA tests were carried out on the hydro-chemical data for both the monsoon periods, and it was found that there was a common source of origin for most of the heavy metals, which was also confirmed by the correlation and principal component analysis. T-test indicates that there was a common source of origin of heavy metals in the study area, viz. industrial and domestic pollutants, that were found to be the main source of heavy metals in both the monsoon periods. Principal component analysis gave three important factors (principal components) for both the seasons. Pre-monsoon groundwater samples showed a common cause of origin of heavy metals than the post-monsoon samples. Heavy metal pollution index indicates that almost all the samples were not fit for drinking purpose in both the monsoon periods and metal index also indicates the non-usability of the water for drinking purpose.

Application of Principal Component Analysis for the Estimation of Source of Heavy Metal Contamination in Sugarcane Soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1402-1409
Author(s):  
Gui Ping Xu ◽  
Xiao Fei Wang ◽  
Li Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk

Concentrations of heavy metals in sugarcane soil of Guangxi were determined and the potential ecological risk index was used simultaneously to evaluate the extent of heavy metals enrichment contamination. Results showed that the pollution extent of heavy metals in sugarcane soil by potential ecological risk followed the order: Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn, Cu and Zn were slightly polluted, with small potential ecological harm, while Pb and Cd were above moderately polluted, with heavy potential ecological harm. Principal component analysis was applied to estimate the sources of heavy metals contamination, the results indicated that the first two components accounted for 61.016% and 26.920% of the total variance respectively, 4 kinds of heavy metal elements had similar sources, tailing dam lead-zinc concentrator upstream along the coast was the main sources of heavy metal contamination.

Assessment of Heavy Metals in Relation to Soil Pollution at Mewat, Haryana, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOPAL KRISHAN ◽  
S.K. CHANDNIHA ◽  
A.K. LOHANI ◽  
BRIJESH KUMAR YADAV ◽  
NARESH KUMAR ARORA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils ◽  
Typical Soil

Assessment of heavy metals in soils is important in context of human health as these may either pollute the agricultural crops or may move deeper into the groundwater. There has been no such work been carried out in the soils of Mewat district. In the present study, to investigate the soil heavy metal pollution characteristics 15 samples and 3 typical soil profiles were collected from 2 blocks of Mewat district, Haryana and were analyzed for contents of Arsenic (As), copper(Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc(Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and nickel(Ni). Concentrations of As, Cd and Ni in soils are less than their toxicity levels while concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu are found exceeding the toxicity levels. Based on the results, soil in the study area are polluted by heavy metals viz. Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. According to principal component analysis, distinct groups of heavy metals were discriminated between natural or anthropogenic sources.

scholarly journals Heavy metals and their bioavailability from soils in the long-term polluted Central Spiš region of SR

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Takáč ◽  
T. Szabová ◽  
Ľ. Kozáková ◽  
M. Benková
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Mobile Form ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Metal Contents

The heavy metal contents and their bioavailability were monitored in soils of Central Spiš region of SR. This area belongs to long term contaminated and hygienically loaded areas. Soil contamination by heavy metals is caused especially by ore mining, processing and treatment. Soil samples from the Central Spiš contained higher proportions of mobile forms which corresponded to the following sequence Pb > Zn > Cu, while for mobilizable forms the sequence of investigated metals was as follows: Cu > Zn > Pb. Soil pH is one of the parameters that affect significantly the share of bioavailable forms of metals. Higher proportions of mobile fractions of metals were detected in samples taken from soils with acidic pH. Statistical processing confirmed a relationship between the percentage share of lead and zinc in the mobile form and the level of pH/KCl, which was significant for Zn: <I>r</I> = –0.53. The relationships for lead and copper were insignificant.

scholarly journals Determination of Molybdenum Contents and Relation of Some Heavy Metals in the Soil of Meadow-Pasture Terraces Between Kırıkhan-Reyhanlı

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yalçın ◽  
Kerim Mesut Çimrin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Molybdenum Content ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Different Depths

This study was aimed to determine the molybdenum content of meadow - pasture soil between Kırıkhan and Reyhanlı in Hatay province and to determine the relations of the molybdenum content with some heavy metals in the soil. For this purpose, two different depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) representing grassland pasture lands and 80 soil samples from 40 different points were taken. Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), and Molybdenum (Mo) contents were determined in the soil samples. The contents of the available Cd, Co, Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni and Mo of the soil were determined by reading the 0.005 M DTPA + 0.01 M CaCl2 + 0.1 M TEA extracts in the ICP instrument. The results of the research shows that the Cd contents of the soils are between 0.01-0.32 ppm; Co contents are from 0.01 to 4.97 ppm; Ni contents 0.00 to 20.00 ppm; Pb contents 3.00-67.00 ppm; Cu contents 0.26-7.48 ppm; The Fe contents are between 4.00 and 61.00 and the Mo contents are between 0.001 and 0.064 ppm. It was determined that there are significant positive relationships between Co, Ni, Pb, Cu and Fe contents of Mo in the soil. It was also determined that there are significant positive significant relationships between Cd and Co; Co with Ni, Pb, Fe and Pb and Cu, Fe and Cu and Fe. No heavy metal pollution was found when the heavy metal contents of the regional soils were compared with the limit values.

scholarly journals Elemental composition of surface soils in Nature Park Shumen Plateau and Shumen City, Bulgaria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Vanya Koleva ◽  
Teodora Koynova ◽  
Asya Dragoeva ◽  
Nikolay Natchev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Abstract Anthropogenic activities cause environmental pollution and alter biogeochemical cycles. Soils in cities and their vicinity are exposed to different pollutants. Nature Park Shumen Plateau is a protected area situated in the proximity of Shumen (Bulgaria). The aim of this research was to compare elemental composition of surface soil samples from Nature Park with two areas in Shumen city. Soil samples from seven sites on the territory of Nature Park and from two urban sites were collected. The elemental composition of the samples was determined using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence technique. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed to interpret the complex data. The content of 24 elements was determined: Br, Y, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce Si, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, and Pb. Results presented here and previously showed that concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb are below the upper limit according to Bulgarian legislation. Concentrations of Mn and Fe in samples from Nature Park were comparable to the literature data reported for unpolluted areas. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis show similarity of the content of 24 elements between samples from Nature Park and from Shumen city. These findings are in accordance with our previous positive results from Allium-test: cytogenetic endpoints showed a presence of harmful compounds in Nature Park soils. The content of heavy metals in the surface soils studied show a lack of environmental risk for Nature Park. However, a similar distribution pattern of the investigated elements in the park and two anthropologically influenced areas in Shumen city indicated a potential hazard in Nature Park.

scholarly journals Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Surface Paddy Soils Using Accumulated Elemental Ratios Coupled with MLR

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2295
Author(s):  
Jie Ma ◽  
Yali Chen ◽  
Liping Weng ◽  
Hao Peng ◽  
Zhongbin Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Pollution Sources

Source identification of heavy metals in agricultural soils using small sample sizes, simple experimental procedures, and convenient analysis is urgently required. This study employed a simple source identification model using a visual comparison via radar plots, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and a multiple linear regression model to determine the source of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration area of China. The elemental compositions of major pollution sources (atmospheric deposition, organic fertilizer, irrigation water, and tailings) were compared with soil samples from 11 study locations and the model was used to determine the relative contribution of different pollution sources at each sample site. The results showed that the model successfully calculated the contribution of different pollution sources at each site based on the pollution characteristics and contaminant transport rules of the region. The proposed method overcomes the requirement for extensive data and complex experimental procedures. Furthermore, the model can determine the source of heavy metal contamination in single or small plots, which is important for the prevention and control of heavy metal soil pollution and remediation at the plot scale.

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