Biochemical profiling and its role in physiological quality of maize seeds

Abstract: Viability and vigor of seeds are physiological attributes influenced by a myriad of factors including the genotype. Biochemical profiling of maize seeds and its correlation with their physiological quality is of crucial importance in breeding programs that the aim is seeds of better quality. The main goal of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity among maize inbred lines and evaluate the biochemical components that have an important role in physiological quality of seeds. The seeds of the inbred lines and hybrids were submitted to viability test, vigor by the accelerated aging and cold tolerance, and biochemical profiling (total protein content, soluble proteins, total phosphorus, phytate, inorganic phosphorus, starch and soluble sugars). The genetic divergence between the inbred lines found, prompt us to conclude that genetic gains may exist in association with physiological quality of maize hybrids. Seeds with higher inorganic phosphorus and soluble sugars presented superior physiological quality than seeds with lower levels of those compounds.

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Physiological quality and amylase enzyme expression in maize seeds

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/s1413-70542013000100005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 40-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gustavo Evangelista Oliveira ◽

Renzo Garcia Von Pinho ◽

Thaís de Andrade ◽

Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽

Custódio Donizete dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Selection Process ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Department Of Agriculture ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Physiological Quality

The physiological quality of maize seeds is affected by the genotype. Thus, the study of expression of genes associated with this characteristic is important in the genotype selection process in breeding programs. The aim of this research was to study the expression of amylase enzymes associated with physiological quality of maize seeds with different genotypes and seed sizes. We further sought to assess the expression of these enzymes in dry and soaked seeds The experiment was conducted in the experimental area and the Central Seed Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture of the Universidade Federal de Lavras. Seeds of four maize inbred lines were used, classified in two sizes. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated by means of germination, seedling emergence, seedling emergence speed index and accelerated aging test. Expression of the alpha amylase enzyme was evaluated by the electrophoresis technique and expression of the alpha amylase B73, alpha amylase (LOC542522) and beta amylase 5 (amyb5) genes was studied by the qRT-PCR technique in dry and soaked seeds of the inbred lines. There is differentiated expression of amylase enzymes in maize seeds of inbred lines with different levels of physiological quality. higher expression of amylase enzymes is observed in soaked maize seeds. The expression of transcripts is higher in smaller as wellas in soaked maize seeds of inbred lines.

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Physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n7p451-456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 451-456

Author(s):

Fernando H. B. Machado ◽

Andréia M. S. de S. David ◽

Silvânio R. dos Santos ◽

Josiane C. Figueiredo ◽

Cleisson D. da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Soil Water Deficit ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Water Depths

ABSTRACT Crop strategies focused on the rational use of water are required in semiarid regions. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions. Five irrigation water depth were established, based on the field capacity (100, 85, 70, 55 and 40%), to control the available water for two maize hybrids (2B-587 and DKB-390). A randomized block design was used, with a split-plot arrangement and four repetitions. The plots consisted of irrigation water depths, and the subplots consisted of maize hybrids. The seed water concentration, germination, and vigor were determined after the harvest, using data from first germination counting, seedling emergence, germination speed index, seedling length, and accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, and modified cold tests. The maize hybrid DKB-390 showed better physiological potential under the soil water deficit conditions evaluated. The irrigation water depths lower than 70% of field capacity resulted in decreases in soil water contents and affected negatively the physiological quality of the maize seeds produced.

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Isoenzyme activity in maize hybrid seeds harvested with different moisture contents and treated

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v37n2147183 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 139-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽

Valquíria de Fátima Ferreira ◽

João Almir Oliveira ◽

Marcos Vinícios de Carvalho ◽

Leonardo de Souza Miguel

Keyword(s):

Chemical Treatment ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Maize Hybrid ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Hybrid Seeds ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Hybrid Maize

Abstract: The analysis of isoenzyme activity is an important monitoring and characterization tool of the physiological quality of seeds and to understand the deterioration. The purpose of this work was to study the isoenzyme expression allied to the quality of maize hybrid seeds harvested at different moisture levels and subjected to chemical treatment. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four replicates, in a 3x2 factorial arrangement with three moisture levels (45%, 40% and 35%), and two forms of seeds tillage (with and without treatment). Seeds from maize hybrids, semi-hard BM 810 and dented BM 3061, were used. Seeds were manually gathered on ears. Chemical treatment was performed with commercial products Maxin(r) + K-obiol(r) + Actellic(r). Seed quality was assessed by moisture test, incidence of mechanicals damage, first count of germination, germination, emergence, emergence speed index, mean emergence time, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. Isoenzyme expressions were assessed by means of the systems superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), esterase (EST), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), peroxidase (PO) and α-amilase. Isoenzyme expressions are different, depending on moisture levels at harvest, the hybrid maize and seeds quality. Seeds treatment does not interfere in their isoenzymes expression.

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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITIES OF MAIZE LANDRACE SEEDS STORED UNDER TWO CONDITIONS

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/s1413-70542015000400004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 339-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Raquel Stefanello ◽

Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽

Ubirajara Russi Nunes ◽

Cláudia Braga Dutra ◽

Iana Somavilla

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Storage Period ◽

Cold Test ◽

Maize Seed ◽

Maize Landrace ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Plastic Bag ◽

Physiological Quality

The preservation of seed quality during the storage period depends not only on the conditions during production and harvesting but also on the storage and maintenance of appropriate storage product conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary qualities of maize landrace seeds stored under two conditions. The maize seed batch varieties Oito carreiras, Cabo roxo and Lombo baio were used. Tests included germination, first count, cold test, accelerated aging and sanity. Based on the results it was concluded that the physiological quality of these seed varieties decreased with the storage period. The major fungi identified in the maize seeds during storage were from the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium, which caused deterioration and reduction of the physiological quality. Storage using a paper bag at a temperature of 10 °C did not prevent the deterioration of maize seeds but was more effective at preserving the quality of the seed compared with a plastic bag at room temperature.

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Identifying Inbred Lines Capable of Improving Ear and Stover Yield and Quality of Superior Silage Maize Hybrids

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2002.0365 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 365 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luis M. Bertoia ◽

Ruggero Burak ◽

Marcelo Torrecillas

Keyword(s):

Inbred Lines ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Silage Maize ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Stover Yield

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Genetic diversity for physiological quality of seeds from corn (Zea mays L.) intervarietal crossbreeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000400006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 449-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Daniele Nerling ◽

Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho ◽

Rubens Onofre Nodari

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Genetic Contribution ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Canonical Variables ◽

Accelerated Aging Test ◽

Aging Test ◽

Physiological Quality

The physiological quality is based on the genotype and may be accompanied since the first stages of selection through the study of genetic diversity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the parental genetic contribution in the seed physiological quality in corn intervarietal crossbreeds. The intervarietal crossbreeds were performed using landraces genotypes, open pollinated varieties and commercial hybrids. The seeds obtained from the crossbreed, their equivalents and parentals were evaluated regarding their water percentage, germination, germination speed rate, accelerated aging, field emergence and electrical conductivity. The seeds obtained in the crossbreed are viable and vivid with heterosis when compared with the parentals. The accelerated aging test was more effective for selecting the strongest genotypes. The canonical variables were useful to group the genotypes that presented similar physiological characteristics. The genotypes MPA 01 x Pixurum 05, MPA 01 x AS1565, MPA 01 x SJC5886, SJC5886 x Pixurum 05 and Fundacep 35 x SCS 154 Fortuna were the best crossbreeds regarding the production of better physiological quality seeds.

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Compatibility of Azospirillum brasilense with fungicide and insecticide and its effects on the physiological quality of wheat seeds

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n2p855 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 855 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Janete Denardi Munareto ◽

Thomas Newton Martin ◽

Tania Maria Müller ◽

Ubirajara Russi Nunes ◽

Guilherme Bergeijer da Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Germination Vigor

Seed treatment is a practice that helps the initial establishment of the crop without the effects caused by pests and diseases. The association of diazotrophic bacteria with grasses has been used in the supply of nitrogen to plants; however, these microorganisms produce growth-promoting substances, which promote benefits in the growth and development of the crops. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of Azospirillum brasilense associated with the fungicide difenoconazole and the insecticide thiamethoxam by observing the effects on the quality of seed emergence of three wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Three wheat cultivars, arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial system with four replicates, were tested. The treatments were the control; difenoconazole (Spectro® at a dose of 150 mL per 100 kg of seed); thiamethoxam (Cruiser® FS 350 at a dose of 200 mL per 100 kg seed) and difenoconazole + thiamethoxam, applied on wheat cultivars TBIO Mestre, TBIO Itaipu and TBIO Sinuelo. Bacteria from the Azospirillum genus were used in the inoculation. The wheat seed retains its quality when it checks the germination, vigor and independent accelerated aging, whether or not fungicide, insecticide and A. brasilense were used. The insecticide thiamethoxam increased the length of shoots and roots and provided compatibility with A. brasilense, and fungicide inhibited the length of shoots and roots and was antagonistic to the bacterium A. brasilense.

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Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2013000200019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 286-292

Author(s):

Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽

Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽

Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽

Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽

Thaís de Andrade

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

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Foliar application of silicon and the effect on wheat seed yield and quality

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000100012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 86-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Samantha Rigo Segalin ◽

Caroline Huth ◽

Thais D'Avila Rosa ◽

Diógenes Barella Pahins ◽

Liliane Marcia Mertz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Wheat Seed ◽

Germination Test ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Physiological Quality

Adequate nutrients for plants are important for increasing the yield and quality of the seeds produced. The objective of this study was to evaluate foliar fertilization with silicon in wheat and its effect on seed yield and physiological quality. Treatments consisted of two silicon dosages (three and six liters silicon per hectare) and the control (no silicon) and five wheat cultivars: OR "Quartzo", OR "Ônix", Fundacep "Linhagem", Fundacep "Campo Real" and Fundacep "Horizonte". The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. After physiological maturity, harvesting and threshing of the seeds were done manually. Seed samples were evaluated for yield and physiological quality from the germination test, first germination count, seedling dry weight, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, 1000 seeds and hectoliter weights. The results showed that the foliar application of silicon at the dosages tested did not affect the yield and physiological quality of the seeds produced by the wheat cultivars.

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PRODUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS IN ORTHIC QUARTZARENIC NEOSOIL OF THE CERRADO REGION

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252015v28n414rc ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 127-134

Author(s):

CHARLINE ZARATIN ALVES ◽

GUSTAVO MARTINS ZAQUEU ◽

ERIC FABIANO SERAGUZI ◽

AGUINALDO JOSÉ FREITAS LEAL ◽

JOSUÉ BISPO DA SILVA

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Scheme Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Tetrazolium Test

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the sowing periods in production, productivity component and physiological quality of seeds of three soybean cultivars (TMG133RR, P98Y70RR and NS7670RR) in Orthic Quartzarenic Neosoil in the cerrado region. The design used was a randomized block a factorial scheme design with four repetitions, and each plot with useful space consisted of three rows of four meters length, spaced at 0.45 meters. Field evaluations were the final stand, the height of the plants, height of the first pod insertion, the mass of 100 seeds and productivity. Already in the lab seeds were evaluated for germination and vigor (first germination count, emergency, emergence speed index, length and dry mass of the aerial part of the plant and roots, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and tetrazolium test). It concludes that it is possible to use Orthic Quartzarenic Neosoils, located in the Cerrado region at altitudes higher than 600 m, in years and places with good water distribution in the spring-summer seasons, for grain and soybeans production, but as a first goal, the crop should be sown in the first 20 days of November otherwise it should take place in early December.

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