Tolerance to delay in drying of hybrid maize seeds related to parental line and temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Camargos da Costa ◽  
Everson Reis Carvalho ◽  
Izabel Costa Silva Neta ◽  
Milena Christy Santos ◽  
Luciano Dias Cabral Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Line ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Enzyme Expression ◽  
Data Lineage ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Enzymatic Expression ◽  
Polynomial Regressions

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of genetic composition and arrangement between female and male parents on tolerance to delayed drying of maize seeds, evaluating the physiological quality and enzyme expression. Ears were harvested close to the stage of physiological maturity (around 35% moisture) and the genotypes were identified as line 1 (L1), line 2 (L2), the hybrid (HB - ♀L1 and ♂L2), and the reciprocal hybrid (HR - ♀L2 and ♂L1). For assessment of physiological quality, CDR (4x6x2) was used, consisting of four genotypes, six times of delay before artificial drying (10, 18, 24, 28, 32, and 40 hours), and two drying delay temperatures (42 and 48 °C). DIC (4x3) was used for enzymatic expression, consisting of four genotypes and three delay times before artificial drying (10, 24 and 40 hours) at 48 °C. Analysis of variance F (p < 0.05), Tukey’s test (p < 0.05), and analysis of polynomial regressions were performed on the data. Lineage arrangement affects seed tolerance to drying delay. Therefore, susceptible lines should not be used as female parents. The seeds of the line most susceptible (L2) to delay in drying exhibit less expression of α-amylase (α-AM).

scholarly journals Physiological quality of hybrid maize seeds through respiratory and enzymatic activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 1879-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliveira dos Santos Heloisa ◽  
Vilela Von Pinho Iolanda ◽  
Vilela de Resende Von Pinho Eacute dila ◽  
Maria de Oliveira Pires Raquel ◽  
Fabiana da Silva Valk iacute ria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize

scholarly journals Hydration curve and physiological quality of maize seeds subjected to water deficit

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Segalla Prazeres ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Extended Phase ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize

The hydration pattern associated with the physiological quality of seeds can be an early indicator for the evaluation of seed quality. The present study aimed to evaluate the hydration pattern of seeds subjected, or not, to water restriction, and to relate these patterns to their physiological quality. The physiological quality of seeds from five maize strains (L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5) and four hybrids (HT1, HT2, HS1, and HS2) was initially determined using seed germination and vigor tests (accelerated ageing and electric conductivity). A completely randomized experimental design was used with four repeats for the physiological analyses and a regression analysis was performed in order to assess the behavior of the seeds over time. The hydration curve was determined by imbibing the seeds in distilled water (0.0 control) and in a -0.9-MPa osmotic solution of polyethylene glycol 6000. Water uptake by the seeds was found to follow a triphasic pattern in the absence of water stress (0.0 MPa); however, when exposed to a -0.9- MPa osmotic potential, an extended phase II was observed. Diversity was observed between the strains in terms of the hydration pattern of the seeds, which can influence the physiological quality of the hybrid seeds. Regarding the hybrids, a positive relationship was observed between the shortest time to root protrusion and the quality of the seeds, both with or without water restriction, which allows us to conclude that hydration pattern can be used as a parameter for the early evaluation of physiological quality in hybrid maize seeds.

scholarly journals Physiological Quality of Hybrids and Creole Maize Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Helis Maria Salomão ◽  
Silvia Rahe Pereira ◽  
Andreia Suchoronczek ◽  
Adriano Suchoronczek ◽  
Larissa Leite Momoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
One Year ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Similar Development

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of hybrid maize seeds (within the validity period and expired seeds) and of a Creole variety within the validity period. The study was performed using the hybrids C1 BM3063 PRO 2 (valid until 12/2018) and C1 SYN8A98 (valid until 03/2017 - expired one year ago) and a Creole maize (freshly harvested, collected at Pato Branco city, Paraná State, Brazil). Seed germination, germination speed index, germination speed, cold test, length and fresh and dried matter of shoot and root system were evaluated in a laboratory experiment. In the field we evaluated emergency, emergency speed index, emergency speed, length and fresh and dried matter of aerial part. Creole cultivar had the worse performance in all the variables tested. Expired hybrid (SYN8A98) presented similar development to the hybrid within the validity period (BM3063) in practically all the evaluated parameters. SYN 8A98 hybrid can be sown without risks of reduced productivity, provided that cold periods during field establishment are avoided. Creole variety in question did not perform satisfactorily and could not be used as seed. Keywords: Seeds Validity Period. Open Pollinated Variety. Viability. Production Costs. Seeds Reuse. ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho híbrido (dentro do período de validade e sementes expiradas) e de uma variedade crioula dentro do período de validade. O estudo foi realizado utilizando os híbridos C1 BM3063 PRO 2 (válido até 12/2018) e C1 SYN8A98 (válido até 03/2017 - expirou há um ano) e um milho crioulo (recém-colhido, coletado na cidade de Pato Branco, Paraná, Brasil). Foram avaliados, em experimento laboratorial, a germinação de sementes, o índice de velocidade de germinação, a velocidade de germinação, o teste de frio, o comprimento e matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea e sistema radicular. No campo foram avaliados emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, velocidade de emergência, comprimento e matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea. A cultivar crioula teve o pior desempenho em todas as variáveis testadas. O híbrido expirado (SYN 8A98) apresentou desenvolvimento similar ao híbrido dentro do período de validade (BM3063) em praticamente todos os parâmetros avaliados. O híbrido SYN 8A98 pode ser semeado sem riscos de produtividade reduzida, desde que sejam evitados períodos frios durante o estabelecimento em campo. A variedade crioula em questão não teve desempenho satisfatório e não pôde ser usada como semente. Palavras-chave: Período de Validade das Sementes. Variedade de Polinização Aberta. Viabilidade. Custos de Produção. Reutilização de Sementes. 

scholarly journals Physiological quality and gene expression related to heat-resistant proteins at different stages of development of maize seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3630-3642 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Andrade ◽  
E.V.R. Von Pinho ◽  
R.G. Von Pinho ◽  
G.E. Oliveira ◽  
V. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

scholarly journals Importance of amylases for physiological quality in maize seeds

Biotemas ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Aparecida Lopes ◽  
Maria Laene Moreira de Carvalho ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Dayliane Bernardes de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

A qualidade de sementes está associada à soma dos atributos genéticos, físicos, fisiológicos e sanitários que afetam sua capacidade para realizar as funções vitais, estando relacionada à germinação, ao vigor e à longevidade. A expressão de genes associados à qualidade fisiológica pode ser avaliada por meio de análises de germinação e vigor, e ainda pelas análises de transcritos e de proteínas em sementes. Objetivou-se com este trabalho fazer uma revisão sobre a relevância das enzimas do grupo das amilases relacionadas à qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho. Dentro do grupo das amilases, a α-amilase (1,4-α-D-glucan-glucanohydrolase E.C 3.2.1.1) é uma enzima importante na hidrólise do amido, sendo responsável por 90% da atividade amilolítica em sementes de milho. Essa enzima, a exemplo da dextrose, causa a conversão de amido em açúcares que são utilizados no crescimento do embrião. Já a β-amilase (1,4-α-glucan maltohydrolase E.C 3.2.1.2) é uma α-1,4-D-glucano maltohidrolise que catalisa a liberação de maltose e dextrinas a partir das extremidades não redutoras do amido. Pesquisas comprovam que as enzimas amilases estão ligadas diretamente à qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho. A α-amilase e a β-amilase estão envolvidas principalmente no processo de germinação e na heterose das sementes, podendo ser também utilizadas como marcadores moleculares relacionadas à tolerância de secagem das sementes. 

scholarly journals Temperatures and periods of drying delay and quality of corn seeds harvested on the ears

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-343
Author(s):  
Everson Reis Carvalho ◽  
Victor Moss Francischini ◽  
Suemar Alexandre Gonçalves Avelar ◽  
Júlia Camargos da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Processing Unit ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Abstract: Seeds harvested on the ears have high moisture content. On that account, this study aimed at evaluating the loss of physiological quality of corn seeds harvested on the ears, as a function of different drying-delay times. Hybrid corn ears were harvested at 31% moisture and then had their drying postponed for 0, 12, 24 and 36 h, while subjected to temperatures of 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C. The physiological quality was evaluated after 0, 4, 8 and 12 months of storage. A completely randomized design was employed, in a 4 x 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. In addition, a study was performed in a seed-processing unit, reporting the average waiting time before drying and the temperatures of all loads of a corn hybrid received at the facility. The physiological quality was not affected by temperatures below 40 °C, considering 36 h of waiting before drying. At 50 ºC during the drying delay, the germination was impaired 36 h afterward, and the vigor was compromised after 24 h, with the damage effects intensifying as the storage advanced. At the temperature of 60 ºC, the deficits in germination and vigor occurred within the first hours of drying delay.

Access and Adoption of Hybrid Seeds: Evidence from Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-235
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Axmann ◽  
Torben Fischer ◽  
Kevin Keller ◽  
Kevin Leiby ◽  
Daniel Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Plant Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Abstract Adoption of hybrid seeds remains low in many low-income countries. We conduct a field-experiment designed to measure the effect of offering hybrid maize seeds for purchase during a time when potential customers have high liquidity. Working with a large buyer of agricultural commodities in Northern Uganda, we randomly offer smallholder farmers the opportunity to purchase certified hybrid maize seeds at the same time as they visit the buyers’ stores to sell crops from a previous harvest. 16% of those offered purchase hybrid seeds, and average adoption of hybrid maize among those offered increases by 8 percentage points compared to a control group who does not receive the offer. Among those who accept the offer, we see an increase in the propensity to plant hybrid maize of 50 percentage points. This effect is more pronounced for female farmers than for their male counterparts. Our findings suggest that providing access to certified agricultural inputs at the place and time of post-harvest sales is a promising strategy to increase input usage.

scholarly journals Genetic purity certificate in seeds of hybrid maize using molecular markers

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalinka Carla Padovani de Carvalho Salgado ◽  
das Graças Guimarães Carvalho Vieira ◽  
Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Cláudia Teixeira Guimarães ◽  
Renzo Garcia Von Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Mendelian Segregation ◽  
Purity Analysis ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Maize

One of the main features that confer high quality to the seed is its genetic purity, in which one of the major causes of contamination is the self-pollination of the female parent. Up to date, there is no accurate and fast methods for detecting such contamination. Thus, this work was carried out to certify the genetic purity in seeds of hybrid maize using different biochemical and DNA-based markers. Two single-cross hybrids and their parental lines derived from the maize breeding program at UFLA were evaluated by isoenzymatic pattern of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), esterase (EST), acid phosphatase (ACP), glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), 6-phosphoglucomate dehydrogenase (PGDH), catalase (CAT) and ß-glucosidade (ßGLU) and by microsatellites markers. The enzymatic systems that were able to distinguish the hybrids from their parental line were the catalase, the isocitrate dehydrogenase and the esterase. The esterase showed a Mendelian segregation pattern for UFLA 8/3 hybrid, that enables a safer genetic purity certificate. Microsatellites were able to differentiate the hybrid lines and the respective parental lines. Moreover, this technique was fast, precise and without environment effects. For microsatellites, the amplification pattern was identical when young leaves or seeds were used as DNA source. The possibility of using seeds as DNA source would accelerate and facilitate the role process of the genetic purity analysis.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Fernando H. B. Machado ◽  
Andréia M. S. de S. David ◽  
Silvânio R. dos Santos ◽  
Josiane C. Figueiredo ◽  
Cleisson D. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT Crop strategies focused on the rational use of water are required in semiarid regions. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions. Five irrigation water depth were established, based on the field capacity (100, 85, 70, 55 and 40%), to control the available water for two maize hybrids (2B-587 and DKB-390). A randomized block design was used, with a split-plot arrangement and four repetitions. The plots consisted of irrigation water depths, and the subplots consisted of maize hybrids. The seed water concentration, germination, and vigor were determined after the harvest, using data from first germination counting, seedling emergence, germination speed index, seedling length, and accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, and modified cold tests. The maize hybrid DKB-390 showed better physiological potential under the soil water deficit conditions evaluated. The irrigation water depths lower than 70% of field capacity resulted in decreases in soil water contents and affected negatively the physiological quality of the maize seeds produced.

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