scholarly journals Importance of amylases for physiological quality in maize seeds

Biotemas ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Aparecida Lopes ◽  
Maria Laene Moreira de Carvalho ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Dayliane Bernardes de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

A qualidade de sementes está associada à soma dos atributos genéticos, físicos, fisiológicos e sanitários que afetam sua capacidade para realizar as funções vitais, estando relacionada à germinação, ao vigor e à longevidade. A expressão de genes associados à qualidade fisiológica pode ser avaliada por meio de análises de germinação e vigor, e ainda pelas análises de transcritos e de proteínas em sementes. Objetivou-se com este trabalho fazer uma revisão sobre a relevância das enzimas do grupo das amilases relacionadas à qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho. Dentro do grupo das amilases, a α-amilase (1,4-α-D-glucan-glucanohydrolase E.C 3.2.1.1) é uma enzima importante na hidrólise do amido, sendo responsável por 90% da atividade amilolítica em sementes de milho. Essa enzima, a exemplo da dextrose, causa a conversão de amido em açúcares que são utilizados no crescimento do embrião. Já a β-amilase (1,4-α-glucan maltohydrolase E.C 3.2.1.2) é uma α-1,4-D-glucano maltohidrolise que catalisa a liberação de maltose e dextrinas a partir das extremidades não redutoras do amido. Pesquisas comprovam que as enzimas amilases estão ligadas diretamente à qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho. A α-amilase e a β-amilase estão envolvidas principalmente no processo de germinação e na heterose das sementes, podendo ser também utilizadas como marcadores moleculares relacionadas à tolerância de secagem das sementes. 

scholarly journals Physiological quality and gene expression related to heat-resistant proteins at different stages of development of maize seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3630-3642 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Andrade ◽  
E.V.R. Von Pinho ◽  
R.G. Von Pinho ◽  
G.E. Oliveira ◽  
V. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

scholarly journals Physiological quality of hybrid maize seeds through respiratory and enzymatic activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 1879-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliveira dos Santos Heloisa ◽  
Vilela Von Pinho Iolanda ◽  
Vilela de Resende Von Pinho Eacute dila ◽  
Maria de Oliveira Pires Raquel ◽  
Fabiana da Silva Valk iacute ria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize

scholarly journals Physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Fernando H. B. Machado ◽  
Andréia M. S. de S. David ◽  
Silvânio R. dos Santos ◽  
Josiane C. Figueiredo ◽  
Cleisson D. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT Crop strategies focused on the rational use of water are required in semiarid regions. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions. Five irrigation water depth were established, based on the field capacity (100, 85, 70, 55 and 40%), to control the available water for two maize hybrids (2B-587 and DKB-390). A randomized block design was used, with a split-plot arrangement and four repetitions. The plots consisted of irrigation water depths, and the subplots consisted of maize hybrids. The seed water concentration, germination, and vigor were determined after the harvest, using data from first germination counting, seedling emergence, germination speed index, seedling length, and accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, and modified cold tests. The maize hybrid DKB-390 showed better physiological potential under the soil water deficit conditions evaluated. The irrigation water depths lower than 70% of field capacity resulted in decreases in soil water contents and affected negatively the physiological quality of the maize seeds produced.

Tolerance to delay in drying of hybrid maize seeds related to parental line and temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Camargos da Costa ◽  
Everson Reis Carvalho ◽  
Izabel Costa Silva Neta ◽  
Milena Christy Santos ◽  
Luciano Dias Cabral Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Line ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Enzyme Expression ◽  
Data Lineage ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Enzymatic Expression ◽  
Polynomial Regressions

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of genetic composition and arrangement between female and male parents on tolerance to delayed drying of maize seeds, evaluating the physiological quality and enzyme expression. Ears were harvested close to the stage of physiological maturity (around 35% moisture) and the genotypes were identified as line 1 (L1), line 2 (L2), the hybrid (HB - ♀L1 and ♂L2), and the reciprocal hybrid (HR - ♀L2 and ♂L1). For assessment of physiological quality, CDR (4x6x2) was used, consisting of four genotypes, six times of delay before artificial drying (10, 18, 24, 28, 32, and 40 hours), and two drying delay temperatures (42 and 48 °C). DIC (4x3) was used for enzymatic expression, consisting of four genotypes and three delay times before artificial drying (10, 24 and 40 hours) at 48 °C. Analysis of variance F (p < 0.05), Tukey’s test (p < 0.05), and analysis of polynomial regressions were performed on the data. Lineage arrangement affects seed tolerance to drying delay. Therefore, susceptible lines should not be used as female parents. The seeds of the line most susceptible (L2) to delay in drying exhibit less expression of α-amylase (α-AM).

scholarly journals Effect of processing stages in the physiological quality of maize seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-823
Author(s):  
Thiago Alberto Ortiz ◽  
◽  
Marcio Antônio Nicoletti ◽  
Lúcia Sadayo Assari Takahashi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

scholarly journals Biochemical profiling and its role in physiological quality of maize seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Nerling ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho ◽  
Adriele Brümmer
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality

Abstract: Viability and vigor of seeds are physiological attributes influenced by a myriad of factors including the genotype. Biochemical profiling of maize seeds and its correlation with their physiological quality is of crucial importance in breeding programs that the aim is seeds of better quality. The main goal of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity among maize inbred lines and evaluate the biochemical components that have an important role in physiological quality of seeds. The seeds of the inbred lines and hybrids were submitted to viability test, vigor by the accelerated aging and cold tolerance, and biochemical profiling (total protein content, soluble proteins, total phosphorus, phytate, inorganic phosphorus, starch and soluble sugars). The genetic divergence between the inbred lines found, prompt us to conclude that genetic gains may exist in association with physiological quality of maize hybrids. Seeds with higher inorganic phosphorus and soluble sugars presented superior physiological quality than seeds with lower levels of those compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of production environments on storage and physiological quality of maize seed

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Itala Thaísa Padilha Dubal ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
João Roberto Pimentel ◽  
Cristian Troyjack ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Large Format ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Large Round ◽  
Physiological Characters

Storage is a factor that can affect seed quality as a function of latent damages. The losses that most contribute to the reduction in germination and vigor during storage are those caused by humidity, mechanical and temperature-related, that may interfere with seed quality throughout storage. The aim of this study was evaluating the physiological quality of maize seeds produced in two environments and classified in different formats compared to storage periods. The experiment was carried out in the 2016 harvest in two cultivation environments: Entre-Ijuís, RS and Pelotas, RS. Seeds were stratified by thickness through sieves with oblong holes and stratified into small round, large round, small flat and large flat. Growing environments influence the physiological characteristics of maize seeds. The flat and large format seeds have superior physiological quality for the measured physiological characters. The small and round seeds present lower values for germination, first germination count, emergence speed index, shoot dry matter of emergence seedlings and shoot dry matter of germination seedlings. Corn seeds when stored under controlled conditions remain for long periods without causing decreases in physiological quality.

scholarly journals Mechanical Damages and Chemical Treatments in the Quality of Maize Seeds Stored

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Bárbara Gomes Ribeiro ◽  
Raquel Maria de Oliveira Pires ◽  
Tatiana Botelho Fantazzini ◽  
Hesoisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Dayliane Bernardes de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Current System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Fusarium Sp

The current system of seeds production is highly mechanized and these operations can contribute to losses in quality due the incidence of mechanical damages. The objective in this work was to study the effect of the chemical treatment and the storage on quality of maize seeds with mechanical damages. The seeds used were individually analyzed through X-ray test for the obtainment of three lots; 1-seeds without separation, 2-seeds without mechanical damages and 3-seeds with mechanical damages. The lots were evaluated according the physiological quality, sanity and enzymatic analyzes before and after the chemical treatment with the insecticide Maxim Advanced&reg; and the fungicide Cruiser&reg; and also after 90 days of storage. The chemical treatment of maize seeds is efficient in the control of pathogens, like Fusarium sp. The performance of seeds with internal and external damages can be maintained for 90 days when treated with fungicides and insecticides and stored in environment conditions. The isoenzymatic patterns of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), confirmed the higher deterioration of non-treated seeds during the storage. The mechanical damages found in seeds contribute to the reduction of viability and vigor of maize seeds.

scholarly journals Germination characteristics of maize seeds with high and low-vigour levels in response to on-farm seed priming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchun Su ◽  
Guorui Fan ◽  
Jiahui Sun ◽  
Linmao Zhao ◽  
Chunqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
On Farm

On-farm seed priming, which refers to soaking seeds in water, is a pre-sowing seed enhancement technique in agriculture production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of on-farm priming on the germination performance of maize seeds with different vigour levels. Two maize hybrids and four inbred lines were used as experimental materials. Soaking treatment significantly decreased the final germination percentage of low-vigour seeds and had no beneficial effects on high-vigour seeds. With longer soaking times, the reduction in germination increased and there was a positive, negative or neutral effect of water soaking on the germination index. The responses of seeds to on-farm priming varied among the different hybrid / inbred lines used and depending on the length of the treatment. Reducing imbibition damage by PEG soaking had little impact on the poor germination induced by soaking in water. Removal of the seed pericarp alleviated the negative effects of soaking on germination. This study has demonstrated, for the first time, the differential effects of water soaking on maize seeds with different vigour levels. Our results suggested that all influencing factors, such as such as seed initial physiological quality and the technological process, need to be considered to realize the full potential of priming.

scholarly journals Physical and physiological quality of corn seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e7269108687
Author(s):  
Ítala Thaísa Padilha Dubal ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
João Roberto Pimentel ◽  
Cristian Troyjack ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Maize Plants

The aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality, as well the field initial performance of different maize seeds size, produced in two growing environments.  It were used seeds of the Amarelo maize (Zea mays L.) genotype, where it were produced in two growing environments at Rio Grande do Sul, in the crops season of 2016/2017. The environment that the seeds are produced and the seeds form affect the maize plants initial growth. Flat seeds are tend to have a better performance on field in relation to the initial growth. The seedlings originated from Entre Ijuís-RS present superiority to shoot length, stem diameter, roots dry matter and shoot dry matter, while Pelotas-RS determines the sieves yield. The round and small seeds present lower sieves yield, shoot length, root length and stem diameter of maize seedlings.

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