scholarly journals Auditory extinction and dichotic listening cv task in cerebral infarction preliminary report

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203
Author(s):  
Mauro Muszkat ◽  
J. Osmar Cardeal ◽  
Clemente I. Ribeiro de Almeida ◽  
Maria Inez Campos ◽  
Carlos J. Reis de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Lesion Effect ◽  
Linguistic Level

Six stroke patients were studied using a dichotic listening¹ CV task, 4 with left hemisphere infarction, 2 with right hemisphere infarction. It was observed a «lesion--effect», a shift of hemisphere prevalence to the side opposite a brain lesion. The authors suggest that the lesion-effect can be explained by the auditory extinction phenomenon at the linguistic level.

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LOCATION OF BRAIN LESION AND FINDINGS OF FLEXIBLE ENDOSCOPIC EVALUATION OF SWALLOWING (FEES) IN STROKE PATIENTS: WHICH EXERCISE IS BENEFICIAL?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widjajalaksmi Kusumaningsih ◽  
Nur Indah Lestari ◽  
Herdiman Purba
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cortical Lesion ◽  
Neurogenic Dysphagia ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Subcortical Lesion ◽  
Strengthening Exercise

Abstract Background: Dysphagia is a frequent occurrence following stroke. Various brain regions have been shown to control deglutition. However, it is still controversial as to which of the two hemispheres plays more important role in deglutition, and which injured hemisphere is more likely to cause the specific patterns of dysphagia seen in stroke patients. An accurate estimate of the incidence of dysphagia will be critical to assess benefits of dysphagia interventions. Objective: To investigate whether patterns of dysphagia are associated with the location of brain lesion in stroke patients and to examine whether pharyngeal strengthening exercise and hyolaryngeal exercise are proper for patients, based on the findings of FEES and location of brain lesion. Methods: The subjects were stroke outpatients who visited our clinic from January 2016 to April 2018. To localize brain lesion, Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have been employed. The locations of brain lesions were classified into cortical, subcortical, and brain stem. FEES was conducted to assess the patterns of deglutition disorders. These data were collected via retrospective chart review. Results: Of the 11 subjects, mean age (SD) was 62.73 (8.67) years and seven (63.64%) subjects were male. All subjects got ischemic stroke, eight (72.73%) had right hemispheric lesion and three (27.27%) had left hemispheric lesion. By brain lesion, there were nine subcortical, five cortical, and four brain stem lesions. All FEES findings, especially standing secretion, penetration, residue, and reduced hypopharynx sensitivity were higher in subcortical lesion, followed by brain stem and cortical lesion successively. Conclusion: Right hemisphere was involved more than left hemisphere in dysphagia patients. Standing secretion, penetration, residue, and reduced hypopharynx sensitivity occurs more often in subcortical lesion. Further studies on big samples in a perspective structure are needed. Based on this result, there is a place for pharyngeal strengthening exercise and hyolaryngeal complex range of motion and strengthening exercise to be implemented to the patients with neurogenic dysphagia after stroke.

Laterality of Lesions and Trait-Anxiety on Working Memory Performance

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. S. Killgore
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Cerebral Activation ◽  
The Right

An asymmetry of anterior cerebral activation favoring the right hemisphere has been associated with dispositional negative affect including trait-anxiety, while the opposite appears true of cerebral asymmetry favoring the left hemisphere. It was hypothesized that an asymmetry of cerebral activation, as defined by scores on a measure of trait-anxiety, ipsilateral to the side of an anterior brain lesion would be associated with less efficient cognitive processing than greater activation in the hemisphere contralateral to the lesion. Patients with anterior left ( n = 16) or right ( n = 15) hemisphere lesions completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and several neurocognitive tasks. Of the abilities tested, only Digit Span scores showed an interaction between side of lesion and presumed activation asymmetry. Patients with right- but not with left-hemisphere damage showed significant differences in working memory performance depending on the presumed direction of asymmetry of the two hemispheres, supporting the dual roles of the right hemisphere in affective processing and directed attention.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Effect of Task Specific Training on Right Versus Left Chronic Stroke Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7950
Author(s):  
Reem M. Alwhaibi ◽  
Noha F. Mahmoud ◽  
Hoda M. Zakaria ◽  
Wanees M. Badawy ◽  
Mahmoud Y. Elzanaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brain Reorganization

Functional impairment of the upper limb (UL) after stroke is a great problem. Finding methods that can improve UL function after stroke is a major concern to all medical service providers. This study was intended to compare the effect of upper limb task specific training (TST) on brain excitability of the affected hemisphere and motor function improvements in patients with left and right stroke. Forty male patients with mild impairment of UL functions were divided into two equal groups; G1 consisted of patients with left hemisphere affection (right side stroke) while G2 consisted of patients with right hemisphere affection (left side stroke). All patients received TST for the affected UL for one hour, three sessions per week for six consecutive weeks. Evaluation was performed twice, pre-, and post-treatment. Outcome measures used were Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and Box and Block Test (BBT) as measures of UL motor function and Quantitative Electroencephalogram (QEEG) of motor and sensory areas of the affected hemisphere as a measure of brain reorganization post-stroke. Both groups showed improvement in motor function of the affected UL measured by WMFT and BBT with reported significant difference between them. G1 showed greater improvement in motor function of the affected UL post-treatment compared to G2. Additionally, there was a significant increase in peak frequency of motor and sensory areas with higher and significant excitability in G1 only. These findings imply that brain reorganization in the left hemisphere responded more to TST compared to the right hemisphere. Based on findings of the current study, we can recommend adding TST to the physical therapy program in stroke patients with left hemisphere lesions.

Case Report: Recovery and Reorganization after Congenital Unilateral Brain Damage

1984 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Nass
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Unilateral Injury ◽  
Unilateral Brain

Recovery and neural reorganization after congenital left- and right-brain injury is assessed on dichotic listening and tachistoscopic visuo-perceptual tasks. A matched-pair approach for age and type of lesion is used. Over-all, deficits are less pronounced than in adults. Innate specialization of both left and right hemispheres is supported by the data. In addition, a left-right maturational gradient is suggested by the all-around better performance of the child with left-hemisphere pathology. The later maturing, relatively less-committed right hemisphere is better able to compensate after unilateral injury.

scholarly journals Attention Deficits in Stroke Patients: The Role of Lesion Characteristics, Time from Stroke, and Concomitant Neuropsychological Deficits

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Spaccavento ◽  
Chiara Valeria Marinelli ◽  
Roberto Nardulli ◽  
Luigi Macchitella ◽  
Umberto Bivona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes

Attention impairments are frequent in stroke patients with important consequences on the rehabilitation outcomes and quality of life. The aim of the study was to perform a comprehensive assessment of selective and intensive attention processes in a large population of brain-damaged patients, evaluating the influence of the side and site of the brain lesion, the time from stroke, and the concomitant presence of aphasia or neglect. We assessed 204 patients with a first unilateral brain lesion and 42 healthy individuals with three subtests of the Test of Attentional Performance (TAP): Alertness, Go-No Go, and Divided Attention. 44.4% of patients had an impairment in both intensive and selective aspects of attention, 5.6% had deficits only in the intensive component, and 31.8% had deficits only in selective tasks. More than 80% of the patients fell below the cut-off point on at least one task. Patients with a right hemispheric lesion (RHL) were more impaired than patients with a left hemispheric lesion (LHL) especially in tonic and phasic alertness. Patients with total anterior infarcts (TACI) presented the worst profile compared to other stroke subtypes, with a difference between total and lacunar subtypes in the Alertness test, independent of the presence of warning. Patients in the chronic phase had shorter RTs than acute patients only in the Alertness test. In patients with LHL, the presence of aphasia was associated with a greater deficit in selective attention. In patients with RHL, the presence of unilateral neglect was associated with impaired alertness and selective attention. Attention deficits are common after a unilateral first stroke. In keeping with the hierarchical organization of attention functions, results confirm the important role of the right hemisphere for the intensive components of attention, also highlighting the involvement of left hemisphere functioning for the selective aspects, possibly indicating a role of its linguistic functions.

Language Hemispheric Dominance in Patients with Congenital Lesions of Eloquent Brain

Neurosurgery ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Vikingstad ◽  
Yue Cao ◽  
Ajith J. Thomas ◽  
Alex F. Johnson ◽  
Ghaus M. Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Congenital Lesions ◽  
Language Representation ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE In 90% of normal subjects, the left hemisphere is dominant for language function. We investigated whether congenital lesions of the left perisylvian regions altered cortical language representation in right-handed individuals. METHODS Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we studied language hemispheric dominance in five right-handed adult patients with congenitally acquired arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) originating from left hemispheric cortical language regions. The AVMs had not caused neurological symptoms during early development, but patients presented as adults with migraine, seizure, or minor hemorrhage. Results obtained from the AVM patients were contrasted to those from right-handed brain-injured stroke patients recovering from aphasia and to those from right-handed normal subjects. RESULTS During silent picture naming and verb generation tasks, cortical language networks lateralized primarily to the right hemisphere in the AVM group, compared with the left hemisphere in the normal group. This right hemisphere-shifted language network in the AVM group exceeded the shifts toward right hemispheric dominance found in the stroke group. CONCLUSION Patients with AVMs affecting the left perisylvian regions recruited the right hemisphere into language processing networks during early development, presumably in response to congenitally aberrant circulation. This early right hemisphere recruitment in the AVM patients exceeded the similar process in the brains of stroke patients whose left cortical language networks were damaged in adulthood. Our data provide evidence of effective plasticity in the developing human brain compared with the mature brain response to injury. Knowledge of cortical language representation should assist presurgical planning in patients with developmental anomalies affecting apparently language-dominant brain regions.

Dichotic Listening in Relation to Dysphoria, Sensation Seeking, and other Personality Characteristics

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Cohen ◽  
Harald Merckelbach
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Personality Measures ◽  
Dichotic Listening Task ◽  
Listening Task ◽  
Right Ear Advantage ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

According to a 1983 model proposed by Levy, anxiety, dysphoria, and a critical attitude are associated with greater left- than right-hemisphere activity, while optimism and uncritical evaluations correlate with stronger right- than left-hemisphere activity. A dichotic-listening task and a set of personality questionnaires were administered to 150 students in psychology. The personality measures included Dutch versions of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale, the Sensation-seeking Scale V and a brief MMPI. Correlations between the extent of left-hemisphere reliance as measured by a right-ear advantage score on the dichotic-listening task and the various personality measures were computed, forming a test of some aspects of Levy's (1983) model. If performance on a dichotic-listening task reflects hemispheric reliance then we found little evidence, on the whole, to support Levy's model.

scholarly journals What Does the Right Hemisphere Know about Phoneme Categories?

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wolmetz ◽  
David Poeppel ◽  
Brenda Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Lesion Studies ◽  
Pronounceable Nonword ◽  
The Right ◽  
Category Effects ◽  
Phonemic Category

Innate auditory sensitivities and familiarity with the sounds of language give rise to clear influences of phonemic categories on adult perception of speech. With few exceptions, current models endorse highly left-hemisphere-lateralized mechanisms responsible for the influence of phonemic category on speech perception, based primarily on results from functional imaging and brain-lesion studies. Here we directly test the hypothesis that the right hemisphere does not engage in phonemic analysis. By using fMRI to identify cortical sites sensitive to phonemes in both word and pronounceable nonword contexts, we find evidence that right-hemisphere phonemic sensitivity is limited to a lexical context. We extend the interpretation of these fMRI results through the study of an individual with a left-hemisphere lesion who is right-hemisphere reliant for initial acoustic and phonetic analysis of speech. This individual's performance revealed that the right hemisphere alone was insufficient to allow for typical phonemic category effects but did support the processing of gradient phonetic information in lexical contexts. Taken together, these findings confirm previous claims that the right temporal cortex does not play a primary role in phoneme processing, but they also indicate that lexical context may modulate the involvement of a right hemisphere largely tuned for less abstract dimensions of the speech signal.

WAIS-IV Profiles in First-Ever Unilateral Ischemic Stroke Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Theiling ◽  
Franz Petermann ◽  
Monika Daseking
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

This study aims to identify WAIS-IV profiles in unilateral ischemic stroke patients in rehabilitation (n = 107) compared to matched controls, to determine if patients demonstrate lateralized cognitive impairment, and to investigate whether aphasia has an additional effect on language and working memory subtests. Analyses revealed impairment in performance of stroke patients relative to controls, while effect of left-hemisphere stroke were large on subtests with language and processing speed demands, and of right-hemisphere stroke on subtests with visuo-spatial and processing speed demands. Aphasia had an additional effect on language, working memory and processing speed subtests. Findings confirm the pattern of cognitive deficits found with older versions of the WAIS and suggest that the WAIS-IV detects cognitive deficits in stroke patients.

STUDY ABOUT THE PROGNOSIS VALUE OF HS-CRP, FIBRINOGEN, WHITE BLOOD CELL, BLOOD SEDIMENTATION RATE IN ACUTE STROKE PATIENTS

2013 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Chuyen Le ◽  
Thi Hang Le
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Blood Sedimentation ◽  
Blood Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Hs Crp

Background: The relationship between the concentration of hs-CRP, fibrinogen, white blood cells, blood sedimentation rate with prognosis in acute stroke patients. Subjects and Methods: Case-control study, cross-sectional description, over 110 cases including 66 stroke patients (44 cerebral infarction, 22 cerebral hemorrhage) and 44 cases of asthma at Hue University Hospital. Data were processing by conventional statistics methods and SPSS 15.0. Results: (i) The concentration of hs-CRP, fibrinogen in stroke patients during the acute phase was 6.74±6.61 mg/l and 4.47±0.98 g/l, higher than the control group (p<0.001). WBC was 7729±1549x109/l and VSS (K) 2455±1412 is not different from the control group with p>0.05. There was no difference between 2 groups, cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage; (ii) There was a correlation between inflammatory factors on the severity of stroke patients: Positive correlation between hs-CRP levels with size of brain lesion (p=0.002; r=0.370). Inverse correlation between hs-CRP levels with glasgow scale (p=0.001; r=-0.423), inverse correlation between fibrinogen with size of brain lesion (p=0.043; r=0.250). Inverse correlation between fibrinogen concentration with glasgow scale (p=0.043; r=-0.250). Conclusion: Serum concentration of hs-CRP, fibrinogen has correlation with the severity in stroke patients during the acute phase. Key words: acute stroke, hs-CRP, fibrinogen

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