scholarly journals Changes in physiological and behavioral parameters of preterm infants undergoing body hygiene: a systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia de Freitas ◽  
Silvia Rezende Marques ◽  
Taisy Bezerra Alves ◽  
Juliana Takahashi ◽  
Amélia Fumiko Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Review Question ◽  
Effectiveness Studies

Objective To verify the effect of bathing on the body temperature of preterm infants (PTI). Method Systematic review conducted in the following bibliographic electronic sources: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde/Lilacs (BVS), Cumulated Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science, using a combination of search terms, keywords and free terms. The review question was adjusted to the PICO acronym (Patient/population, Intervention, Control/comparative intervention, Outcome). The selected publications were evaluated according to levels of evidence and grades of recommendation for efficacy/effectiveness studies, as established by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Results Eight hundred and twenty four (824) publications were identified and four studies met the inclusion criteria, of which three analyzed the effect of sponge baths and the effect of immersion baths. Conclusion Sponge baths showed a statistically significant drop in body temperature, while in immersion baths the body temperature remained stable, although they studied late preterm infants.

scholarly journals Thermotherapy for shoulder pain: a protocol for systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
◽  
Cimin Shen ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorder ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Shoulder Impingement ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Heat Therapy ◽  
Review Question

Review question / Objective: Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder prompting many patients to seek treatment. Thermotherapy is a common treatment for shoulder which has been widely used in hospitals. But its efficiency has not been scientifically and methodically evaluated. This protocol aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Thermotherapy for treating shoulder pain. Information sources: Eight databases will be searched from their inception to October 2021. They are as follows: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and Wanfang Database. There will be no limitation to study publication status or language. The search terms include shoulder impingement syndrome, rotator cuff, bursitis, adhesive capsulitis, frozen shoulder, shoulder pain, thermotherapy, diathermy, heat therapy, Moxibustion, and RCTs. The equivalent search words will be used in the Chinese databases.

Heated Humidified High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Preterm Infants: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Fleeman ◽  
Yenal Dundar ◽  
Prakesh S Shah ◽  
Ben NJ Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Nasal Cannula ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
High Flow Nasal Cannula ◽  
Safe Alternative

AbstractBackgroundHeated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) is gaining popularity as a mode of respiratory support. We updated a systematic review and meta-analyses examining the efficacy and safety of HHHFNC compared with standard treatments for preterm infants. The primary outcome was the need for reintubation for preterm infants following mechanical ventilation (post-extubation analysis) or need for intubation for preterm infants not previously intubated (analysis of primary respiratory support)MethodsWe searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of HHHFNC versus standard treatments. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3.ResultsThe post-extubation analysis included ten RCTs (n = 1,201), and the analysis of primary respiratory support included ten RCTs (n = 1,676). There were no statistically significant differences for outcomes measuring efficacy, including the primary outcome. There were statistically significant differences favoring HHHFNC versus nasal cannula positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for air leak (post-extubation, risk ratio [RR] 0.29, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] 0.11 to 0.76, I2 = 0) and nasal trauma (post-extubation: 0.35, 95 percent CI 0.27 to 0.46, I2 = 5 percent; primary respiratory support: RR 0.52, 95 percent CI 0.37 to 0.74; I2 = 27 percent). Studies, particularly those of primary respiratory support, included very few preterm infants with gestational age (GA) <28 weeks.ConclusionsHHHFNC may offer an efficacious and safe alternative to NCPAP for some infants but evidence is lacking for preterm infants with GA ≤28 weeks.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of intradialytic exercise in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e020633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Pu ◽  
Zheng Jiang ◽  
Weihua Wu ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Liling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Intradialytic Exercise

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of intradialytic exercise for haemodialysis patients.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesDatabases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were screened from inception to March 2017.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) aimed at comparing the efficacy and safety of intradialytic exercise versus no exercise in adult patients on haemodialysis for at least 3 months. A minimum exercise programme period of 8 weeks.Data extractionStudy characteristics and study quality domains were reviewed. Studies were selected, and data extracted by two reviewers.Data analysisThe pooled risk ratios and mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs for dichotomous data and continuous data were calculated, respectively.ResultsA total of 27 RCTs involving 1215 subjects were analysed. Compared with no exercise, intradialytic exercise increased dialysis adequacy (Kt/V) (MD 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.12, p=0.02) and maximum volume of oxygen that the body can use during physical exertion peak oxygen consumption (MD 4.11, 95% CI 2.94 to 5.27, p<0.0001), alleviated depression standardised mean difference (−1.16, 95% CI −1.86 to –0.45, p=0.001) and improved physical component summary-short form-36 (SF-36) level (MD 7.72, 95% CI 1.93 to 13.51, p=0.009). Also, intradialytic exercise could significantly reduce systolic blood pressure (MD −4.87, 95% CI −9.20 to –0.55, p=0.03) as well as diastolic blood pressure (MD −4.11, 95% CI −6.50 to –1.72, p=0.0007). However, intradialytic exercise could not improve mental component summary-SF-36 level (MD 3.05, 95% CI −1.47 to 7.57, p=0.19). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse events between the intradialytic exercise and control groups.ConclusionsIntradialytic exercise resulted in benefits in terms of improving haemodialysis adequacy, exercise capacity, depression and quality of life for haemodialysis.

scholarly journals HPV infection and endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
Geilson Gomes de Oliveira ◽  
José Eleutério ◽  
Renata Mírian Nunes Eleutério
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Unexposed Control ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Search Terms

Introduction: Recent research has focused on the role of persistent ascending bacterial infections and sexually transmitted infections (STI) as a factor associated to endometriosis. Indeed, some studies investigated the possible role of HPV in endometriosis, but this topic remains inconclusive. Objective:The present study aims to meta-analyze research that assessed the presence of HPV infection in patients with endometriosis. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and OpenGrey were searched until February 10th, 2020. Search terms included “endometriosis” and “HPV” without language restrictions. The combined relative risks and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed with I-square (I2 ). Results: Meta-analysis with low heterogeneity found a relative risk of twice as much in women exposed to HPV in relation to the unexposed control. Conclusion: Results indicate that HPV could be a risk factor for developing endometriosis.

scholarly journals COVID-19:Major Metabolic and Immunological Relationships in Obesity

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Mariana Tolentino Chaves ◽  
Ana Paula Tolentino Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Review Model

Introduction: In the scenario of chronic non-communicable diseases, obesity stands out as a multifactorial disease that can cause several public health problems. Currently, about 30% of the world's population is overweight or obese. Estimates suggest that the prevalence of severe obesity in 2030 will be 11%, approximately twice the current prevalence. By 2025, Brazil will be in fifth place in the world ranking, with an estimated 18.0 million people. The appearance of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has worsened the comorbidities of obesity. Objective: to explore, through a concise systematic review, the main metabolic and immunological relationships in obesity, especially in the presence of COVID-19. Methods: The present study followed a concise systematic review model (PRISMA). The search strategy was carried out in the databases PubMed, Embase, Ovid and Cochrane Library, Web Of Science, and Scopus. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 76 studies were found that were submitted to the eligibility analysis, and, after that, 15 studies of high to medium quality and with risks of bias were selected that do not compromise the scientific basis of the studies, we found that obesity is an important predictor of worsening SARS-CoV-2 pathology. There are a complex interaction between multiple metabolic, immunological and inflammatory factors that result in meta-inflammation. It has been shown that obesity causes dysfunction in the immune system, increasing susceptibility to infections and death from sepsis, and increased oxidative stress in the body. SARS-CoV-2 amplifies the inflammatory response, enabling greater propensity to alveolar thrombotic microangiopathy and pulmonary thromboembolism. Meta-inflammation and insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia is the main baseline changes in obesity. Conclusion: In the COVID-19 scenario, obesity is an important predictor of the worsening of SARS-CoV-2 pathology, mainly due to the worsening of metainflammation.

scholarly journals Physical activity promotion for multimorbid patients in primary care settings: A protocol for a systematic review evaluating health benefits and harms.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Schweda ◽  
Inga Krauß
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Activity Promotion

Background: To date multimorbidity has not received much attention in health policies, even though multiple chronic diseases put high demands on the health care system in industrial nations. Enormous costs of care and a physically, mentally and socially reduced quality of life are common consequences of multimorbidity. Physical activity (PA) has a positive preventive and therapeutic effect on common non-communicable . The objective of this study will be to evaluate the halth benefits and harms of PA interventions for sedentary adults with multimorbidity in primary care settings. Methods: This is the study protocol for a systematic review. We will serach PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, CINHAL and the Cochrane Library (from inception onwards). In addition, clinical trial registers and reference lists of included studies will be searched. We will include randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental and non-randomised trials examining the health benefits and harms of PA interventions with or without additional lifestyle interventions for sedentary adult patients with multimorbidity (e.g. two or more chronic non-communicable diseases) in primary care. Eligible control groups will be standard care, placebo or medications. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, abstracts data and full text articles. The primary outcomes will be health related quality of life and mortality. Secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength and disease specific outcomes (e.g. depression score), biomarkers as well as control of metabolic risk factors (e.g. blood pressure, HBA1c, body weight) and any adverse event. The study methodological quality will be appraised using appropriate tools. If feasible, we will conduct random effects meta-analysis. Additional analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g. study design, geographical location, or type of intervention). Strength of the body of evidence will be assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment (GRADE). Discussion: This review will evaluate the evidence on health benefits and harms of PA interventions for sedentary adults with multimorbidity in primary care settings. We anticipate our findings to be of interest to patients, their families, caregivers and healthcare professionals in selecting and conducting optimal health promotion programs. Possible implications for further research will be discussed.

scholarly journals Clinical outcomes of over-the-scope-clip system for the treatment of acute upper non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyu Zhong ◽  
Shali Tan ◽  
Yutang Ren ◽  
MuHan Lü ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Over The Scope Clip ◽  
Otsc System ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract BackgroundConventional endoscopic treatments can’t control bleeding in as many as 20% of patients with non-variceal gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Recent studies have shown that over-the-scope-clip (OTSC) system allowed for effective hemostasis for refractory GI bleeding lesions. So we aimed to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the OTSC system for management of acute non-variceal upper GI bleeding.MethodA comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library covering the period from January 2007 to May 2019. The search terms included “gastrointestinal bleeding” AND “OTSC OR over the scope clip”. The literature was selected independently by two reviewers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The statistical analysis was carried out using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 3.0.ResultsA total of 16 studies including 769 patients with 778 GI bleeding lesions were identified. Pooled technical success was achieved in 761 lesions [95.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 93.5%-97.2%], and the pooled clinical success was achieved in 666 lesions (84.2%; 95% CI, 77.4%-89.2%). The incidence of re-bleeding was reported in 81 patients and the post-procedure mortality was 10.9% (n=84). Only 2 (0.3%) patients occurred complications after OTSC system procedure.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that the OTSC system was a technically feasible modality and highly efficacious in achieving hemostasis in acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

The Impact of Maternal Preeclampsia and Hyperglycemia on the Cardiovascular Health of the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Hoodbhoy ◽  
Nuruddin Mohammed ◽  
Karim Rizwan Nathani ◽  
Saima Sattar ◽  
Devyani Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Objectives The objective of this review was to assess the impact of maternal preeclampsia or hyperglycemia on the body composition and cardiovascular health in the offspring. Study Design We conducted a systematic review utilizing PubMed, EBSCO, CINAHLPlus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to include all studies assessing the impact of preeclampsia/eclampsia and/or gestational/pregestational diabetes mellitus on the health of the offspring (children <10 years of age). The health measures included anthropometry, cardiac dimensions and function, and vascular function. We performed a meta-analysis using Review Manager software and computed net risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for dichotomous data and mean difference (MD) with 95% CI for continuous data. Results There were 6,376 studies in total, of which 45 were included in the review and 40 in the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated higher birth weight (MD: 0.12 kg; 95% CI: 0.06–0.18) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP; MD: 5.98 mmHg; 95% CI: 5.64–6.32 and MD: 3.27 mmHg; 95% CI: 0.65–5.89, respectively) in the offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes compared to controls. In contrast, the offspring of mothers with preeclampsia had lower birth weight (MD: −0.41 kg; 95% CI: −0.7 to −0.11); however, they had increased systolic (MD: 2.2 mmHg; 95% CI: 1.28–3.12) and diastolic BP (MD: 1.41 mmHg; 95% CI: 0.3–2.52) compared to controls. There is lack of data to conduct a meta-analysis of cardiac morphology, functional, and vascular imaging parameters. Conclusion These findings suggest that the in-utero milieu can have a permanent impact on the body composition and vascular health of the offspring. Future work warrants multicenter prospective studies to understand the mechanism and the actual effect of exposure to maternal hyperglycemia and high BP on the cardiovascular health of the offspring and long-term outcomes. Key Points

COVID-19: Major Metabolic and Immunological Relationships in Obesity

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Mariana Tolentino Chaves ◽  
Ana Paula Tolentino Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Review Model

Introduction: In the scenario of chronic non-communicable diseases, obesity stands out as a multifactorial disease that can cause several public health problems. Currently, about 30% of the world's population is overweight or obese. Estimates suggest that the prevalence of severe obesity in 2030 will be 11%, approximately twice the current prevalence. By 2025, Brazil will be in fifth place in the world ranking, with an estimated 18.0 million people. The appearance of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has worsened the comorbidities of obesity. Objective: to explore, through a concise systematic review, the main metabolic and immunological relationships in obesity, especially in the presence of COVID-19. Methods: The present study followed a concise systematic review model (PRISMA). The search strategy was carried out in the databases PubMed, Embase, Ovid and Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 76 studies were found that were submitted to the eligibility analysis, and, after that, 15 studies of high to medium quality and with risks of bias were selected that do not compromise the scientific basis of the studies, we found that obesity is an important predictor of worsening SARS-CoV-2 pathology. There is a complex interaction between multiple metabolic, immunological and inflammatory factors that result in meta-inflammation. It has been shown that obesity causes dysfunction in the immune system, increasing susceptibility to infections and death from sepsis, and increased oxidative stress in the body. SARS-CoV-2 amplifies the inflammatory response, enabling greater propensity to alveolar thrombotic microangiopathy and pulmonary thromboembolism. Meta-inflammation and insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia is the main baseline changes in obesity. Conclusion: In the COVID-19 scenario, obesity is an important predictor of the worsening of SARS-CoV-2 pathology, mainly due to the worsening of met inflammation.

Removal of Hardware After Syndesmotic Screw Fixation: A Systematic Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kempland C. Walley ◽  
Kurt J. Hofmann ◽  
Brian T. Velasco ◽  
John Y. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Radiographic Outcomes ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Syndesmotic Screw ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Removal Of Hardware ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background. While trans-syndesmotic fixation with metal screws is considered the gold standard in treating syndesmotic injuries, controversy exists regarding the need and timing of postoperative screw removal. Formal recommendations have not been well established in the literature and clinical practice is highly variable in this regard. The purpose of this systematic review is to critically examine the most recent literature regarding syndesmotic screw removal in order to provide surgeons an evidence-based approach to management of these injuries. Methods. The Cochrane Library and PubMed Medline databases were explored using search terms for syndesmosis and screw removal between October 1, 2010 and June 1, 2016. Results. A total of 9 studies (1 randomized controlled trial and 8 retrospective cohort studies) were found that described the outcomes of either retained or removed syndesmotic screws. Overall, there was no difference in functional, clinical or radiographic outcomes in patients who had their syndesmotic screw removed. There was a higher likelihood of recurrent syndesmotic diastasis when screws were removed between 6 and 8 weeks. There was a higher rate of postoperative infections when syndesmotic screws were removed without administering preoperative antibiotics. Conclusion. Removal of syndesmotic screws is advisable mainly in cases of patient complaints related to the other implanted perimalleolar hardware or malreduction of the syndesmosis after at least 8 weeks postoperatively. Broken or loose screws should not be removed routinely unless causing symptoms. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended on removal. Radiographs should be routinely obtained immediately prior to removal and formal discussions should be had with patients prior to surgery to discuss management options if a broken screw is unexpectedly encountered intraoperatively. Radiographs and/or computed tomography imaging should be obtained after syndesmotic screw removal when indicated for known syndesmotic malreduction. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Systematic review

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