Maturity indexes for 'Kumagai' and 'Paluma' guavas

Harvest time is one of the main factors related to guava fruit postharvest losses. It is subjectively determined by fruit size and skin color, without any consensual standardization among the growers. The use of maturity indexes enables growers to know the ideal harvest time according to each market situation. The objective of this work was to determine the maturity indexes to identify the harvest time for guava fruit cv. Kumagai and Paluma. Skin color, fruit firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio and ascorbic acid were analyzed. The most adequate maturity indexes for 'Kumagai' guava fruit were skin color and pulp firmness, while for 'Paluma' guava fruit, the best indexes were skin color, pulp firmness, titratable acidity and ratio.

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PROTOCOL FOR HARVESTING ‘BRS PRINCESS’ BANANA FRUITS

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452017316 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

Author(s):

LUIZ FERNANDO GANASSALI DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR ◽

LUCAS FONSECA MENEZES OLIVEIRA ◽

PAULO ROBERTO GAGLIARDI ◽

MARCELO AUGUSTO GUTIERREZ CARNELOSSI ◽

JULIO RENOVATO DOS SANTOS

Keyword(s):

Skin Color ◽

Statistical Design ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

The Other ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Objective Method ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Time Of Harvest ◽

The Ideal

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop a protocol to determine the ideal harvest time for ‘BRS Princess’ banana, using the number of aborted bracts. The bananas were selected according to the number of aborted bracts since the flowering until the time of harvest, yield clusters with 90, 95, 100 and 105 aborted bracts. The physical and chemical analyzes were performed every 3 days on fruits: soluble solids, titratable acidity, weight loss, length and diameter, pH, firmness, skin color (CIELab) and pectin enzyme activity. The statistical design was completely randomized in a 4x5 factorial, with 4 points and 5 periods of harvest analysis and data were evaluated using analysis of variance and regression. For all parameters, fruits harvested at 90 and 105 aborted bracts had unwanted changes in its metabolism when compared to the other treatments, while fruits harvested at 95 and 100 aborted bracts had the best post-harvest characteristics. This method was effective in determining the point of harvest in ‘BRS Princess’ banana fruits, since it allows to obtain fruit quality after storage, and is a simple and objective method.

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Fruit quality of ‘Eva’ e ‘Princesa’ apples grown under nitrogen fertigation in semiarid climate

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n10p967-972 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 967-972 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

João M. de S. Miranda ◽

Ítalo H. L. Cavalcante ◽

Inez V. de M. Oliveira ◽

Paulo R. C. Lopes ◽

Joston S. de Assis

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Skin Color ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Economic Viability ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Fruit Characteristics ◽

Apple Cultivars ◽

Fruit Mass

ABSTRACTThe production of high quality fruits is a necessary factor for the adaptation and production of plant species with economic viability. Thus, an experiment was conducted from July 2012 to January 2013 to evaluate the fruit quality of the ‘Eva’ and ‘Princesa’ apple cultivars as a function of nitrogen fertilization in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement 2 x 4, corresponding to apple cultivars (Eva and Princesa) and nitrogen doses (40; 80; 120 and 160 kg of N ha-1), with four replications and three plants in each plot. The fruit characteristics, such as fruit mass, skin color (luminosity, chromaticity, and colour angle), size (width and length), pulp firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS) and the SS/TA ratio, were recorded. Nitrogen doses do not affect fruit quality of studied apple cultivars. The fruit quality attributes are different between apple cultivars: fruit firmness, SS/TA ratio, fruit mass and fruit diameter are superior for Princesa cultivar, while the fruit length for Eva cultivar is superior.

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Flowering period and fruit quality of peach trees selections and cultivars in the metropolitan region of Curitiba

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452018991 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Giselda Alves ◽

Jhulia Gelain ◽

Gloria Soriano Vidal ◽

Cristiano Nunes Nesi ◽

Louise Larissa May De Mio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Color ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Flowering Period ◽

Peach Trees

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the flowering period and the physicochemical characteristics of peaches, aiming to find those most promising for the diversification of the peach crop in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, Paraná State. We evaluated 8 selections and three cultivars in Porto Amazonas and 10 cultivars in Araucaria for flowering period, fruit set, diameter and height of fruit, average fruit weight, the skin color, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), ratio SS/ TA, hydrogen potential (pH). The flowering period occurred between late June and late September ranging from 16 to 25 days. The fruit set rate was greater than 50% for ‘Cascata 1513’, ‘Cascata 1429’, ‘Cascata 1577’, ‘Cascata 1743’ and for all cultivars in Araucaria. There were significant differences for the other variables assessed. It was concluded that in Araucária, ‘Charme’ and ‘Chimarrita’ are good planting options, have the same duration of the cycle (111 days), being ‘Charme’ a little later. Besides these, ‘Douradão’ and ‘Rubimel’ have good fruit size, moderate acidity and best SS/TA ratio, being earlier than the previous ones. ‘PS 25399’ is the earliest and showed reddish epidermis and great consumer interest. In Porto Amazonas, selections and cultivars tested produced little fruit of small size, being required more studies to be recommended in these area.

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Fruit quality of McIntosh apples irrigated with well or municipal waste water

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps91-176 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 1267-1269

Author(s):

M. Meheriuk ◽

G. H. Neilsen

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Skin Color ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Municipal Waste ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

First Year ◽

Well Water ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Solids Content

McIntosh apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) irrigated with municipal waste water were softer at harvest and had lower fruit Cu than comparable fruit irrigated with well water. Fruit size, percent red skin color, soluble solids content and fruit N, Ca, K/Ca, K + Mg/Ca, K + Mg + Na/Ca, B, Fe, Mn and Zn were not affected by source of water. Fruit P, Mg, K and Na were higher in apples irrigated with waste water in the second but not the first year of the 2-yr study. Titratable acidity was higher with well water the first year and with waste water the second year. Incidence of core flush was higher in the fruit irrigated with waste water. Key words: Apple, skin color, flesh firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, fruit Ca, Mg, K, Cu, Na, N and P, core flush

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Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid Reduces Tree Growth and Affects Fruit Quality in Peach

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.850c ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 850C-850

Author(s):

Gregory Reighard* ◽

David Ouellette ◽

Kathy Brock ◽

Duy Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Skin Color ◽

Blot Hybridization ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Dot Blot ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Control Fruit ◽

Fruit Maturity

`Coronet' peach on Lovell rootstock was planted near Clemson, S.C., in Dec. 1995 in 4 rows (= reps) 6.1 meters apart with trees 2.2 meters apart in-row. Trees were trained to a Kearney-V. In the 2nd leaf (Aug. 1997), `Ta Tao 5' buds were grafted to half (= 6-tree plot) the trees in each row. These trees received 2 `Ta Tao 5' chip buds infected with Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid (PLMVd) per scaffold at ≈0.75 to 1.15 m above ground. Dot blot hybridization confirmed that the chip buds successfully (100%) inoculated the treated trees, whereas the controls tested negative. Data collected in 2003 included bloom date, tree size, dormant and summer pruning times, fruit maturity date, fruit yield, mean fruit weight, skin color, soluble solids, flesh firmness, titratable acidity, and pH. Flowering and fruit maturity were delayed by ≈4 days in PLMVd-inoculated (PI) trees. PI trees produced larger fruit, but yield was 23% less than that of non-inoculated trees. Both fruit size and yield had been larger in PI trees in previous years. There were no differences in yield efficiency in 2003, but PI trees were 26% smaller in trunk cross-sectional area and 9% shorter. PI trees took 34% and 23% less time to dormant and summer prune, respectively and had 34% and 28% less wood removed by dormant and summer pruning, respectively than control trees. PLMVd increased fruit firmness, and PLMVd fruit lost firmness at a much slower rate. PLMVd did not significantly affect skin color, but PLMVD fruit were slightly less red. Soluble solid levels were higher in PLMVd fruit than control fruit during the first harvest, but were lower by the last harvest. Acidity was significantly higher and the soluble solids to acidity ratio significantly lower in PLMVd fruit. Control fruit had a slightly higher pH.

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Comparison of Devices for Measuring Cherry Fruit Firmness

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.4.723 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 723-727 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

E.J. Mitcham ◽

M. Clayton ◽

W.V. Biasi

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Skin Color ◽

Prunus Avium ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Measurement Reliability ◽

Sweet Cherries ◽

Testing Performance

The performance of three relatively new nondestructive cherry firmness devices and a penetrometer were evaluated and compared with the firmness testing performance of an Instron Universal Testing Machine. The inherent variability of the nondestructive devices was estimated by repeated measurement of a uniform, symmetrical, and resilient rubber ball. Analysis of residuals from correlations between each device and the Instron from firmness testing on common samples of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) confirmed the relative variability of the nondestructive devices, and estimated measurement reliability of the penetrometer. Subjective firmness sensing by compression of cherries between the fingers of human evaluators proved to be less reliable than the devices tested. Sweet cherry firmness correlated reasonably well with skin color, with the strength of the correlations from each device agreeing with device ranking in terms of firmness measurement reliability. Firmness correlated poorly with soluble solids, titratable acidity, and specific gravity; soluble solids correlated well with specific gravity; and skin color correlated reasonably well with both soluble solids and specific gravity. Fruit surface pit volume, induced by a specific impact force from a ball bearing, correlated relatively well with fruit firmness measured by the penetrometer, but poorly or inconsistently with measurements from the remaining firmness devices.

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Effects of Forchlorofenuron (CPPU) treatment on fruit properties in the fruit of common guava

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska sectio C – Biologia ◽

10.17951/c.2017.72.2.7-14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Zeiynab Sabaghnia ◽

Fariborz Zaree Nahandi

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Principal Components ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Acidity ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Total Soluble Solids ◽

Guava Fruit

<p>The common guava is a small tree from Myrtacaeae family which is cultivated for its fruits. Researches have explored new methods to promote fruit yields and quality of crops. Application of Forchlorofenuron or CPPU (with Molecular Formula: C12H10CIN3O) improves the fruit size as well as its quality, but there has not been an investigation evaluating its effects on common guava fruit under field conditions. This research was performed to study the effects of different doses of CPPU (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg L-1) on common guava fruit size and quality characteristics under field conditions. Analysis of variance and LSD (least significant differences) mean compression indicated that total soluble solids, total acidity, ascorbic acid or vitamin C, fruit firmness, phenolics, 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), polygalacturonase, pectin methyl esterase and ethylene were significantly different in most traits and CPPU-40 produced high means. The principal components (PC) analysis explained 95% of the total variation and the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 78% and 17% of the total variation, respectively. According to biplot, CPPU-40 had the highest values for all of the measured traits except DPPH, ethylene and polygalacturonase. The most prominent relations by biplot were a strong positive correlation among phenolics, fruit firmness, total acidity, total soluble solids and ascorbic acid as indicated by the small obtuse angles between their vectors. The measured traits were grouped into two clusters and cutoff point verified via Wilks’ lambda statistics. Cluster I consisted of three traits (ascorbic acid or vitamin C, fruit firmness and ethylene) while cluster II included total soluble solids. Findings of this study suggest that CPPU can be used as an effective growth regulator to improve the size and quality of common guava fruit.</p>

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Influence of Preharvest and Postharvest Applications of Glycine Betaine on Fruit Quality Attributes and Storage Disorders of ‘Lapins’ and ‘Regina’ Cherries

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci14188-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (9) ◽

pp. 1540-1545 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Meng Li ◽

Huanhuan Zhi ◽

Yu Dong

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Glycine Betaine ◽

Skin Color ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Attributes ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Postharvest Treatment ◽

Application Frequency ◽

Storage Disorders

This study aimed to evaluate whether preharvest or postharvest application of glycine betaine (GB) has the potential to improve fruit quality [fruit firmness (FF), size, skin color, soluble solids content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA)] and susceptibility to storage disorders (peduncle browning, pitting, and decay) in ‘Lapins’ or ‘Regina’ sweet cherries, and to determine whether factors such as application frequency or timing impacted the efficacy of GB spraying. Adding 2 or 4 g·L−1 GB to hydro-cooling water (0 °C) as postharvest treatment did not affect fruit size, skin color, SSC, TA, peduncle browning, or pitting development; however, it did result in fruit softening and a low incidence of decay. GB applied preharvest at 2 or 4 g·L−1 once at 1 week before harvest (1WBH) was more effective for retaining FF and less peduncle browning and pitting compared with postharvest treatment. Increasing the preharvest GB application frequency from one time (1WBH or pit hardening) to three times (pit hardening, straw color, and 1WBH) enhanced FF and TA levels and resulted in lower pitting. The reduction in fruit size was observed for ‘Regina’, but not for ‘Lapins’. Changes in the contents of phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) were unaffected by GB at harvest, whereas three GB sprays increased the total nitrogen (N) content. Compared with ‘Lapins’, ‘Regina’ allowed more calcium (Ca) uptake by GB and ultimately had firmer flesh. In conclusion, three preharvest applications of 4 g·L−1 GB showed great potential to improve quality attributes, to reduce the susceptibility to storage disorders, and to increase the Ca content of ‘Regina’ cherries.

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Adubação potássica na produção e qualidade pós-colheita de goiaba ‘Paluma’ no semiárido potiguar

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v7i1.1332 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renato Dantas Alencar ◽

Grazianny Andrade Leite ◽

Vander Mendonca Mendonça ◽

Franciezer Vicente de Lima ◽

Gustavo Alves Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Average Weight ◽

Total Production ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Guava Fruit ◽

Commercial Yield ◽

Solids Content

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilization on yield and final quality of guava fruit variety ‘Paluma’, grown at the Irrigated District of Baixo Açu-RN, Brazil. The experimental was carried out in a completelyrandomized blocks design in split plot with five treatments (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg K2O plant-1) with four repetitions. The subplots were composed of two harvest seasons and the following characteristics were evaluated: number of fruits, commercial production, total production, commercial yield, average weight of commercial fruits and average weight of total fruit. For fruit quality the following characteristics were evaluated: vitamin C, soluble solids content, firmness, titratable acidity, flesh pH, fruit length and. With an increasie of K2O dose, a linear increase in the number of fruits was observed and ahigher yield was obtained when a dose of 0.370 kg K2O per plant was applied and a higher fruit firmness was obtained with a dose of 1.2 kg K2O per plant.

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Evaluation of Endothall and Ammonium Thiosulfate as Potential Bloom Thinning Compounds for `Delicious' and `Fuji' Apples

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.497a ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 497a-497

Author(s):

Kathleen M. Williams

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Skin Color ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Quality Data ◽

Water Control ◽

Full Bloom ◽

Fruit Size And Shape ◽

Growing Conditions

Consistent cropping of apple under Pacific Northwest growing conditions depends on a reliable bloom-thinning compound. Although there are two commercially available bloom-thinning chemicals, performance of these chemicals is not always consistent. Research on two unregistered bloom thinning compounds, Endothall and ATS, has been ongoing for several years in commercial orchard blocks. In 1997, multiple applications of Endothall and ATS were tested on `Delicious' and `Fuji'. Endothall was applied at 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 pints/100 gal per acre rates at 40% and 80% full bloom. Endothall averaged 19 to 23% thinning in comparison to the water control on `Delicious'. With `Fuji', Endothall averaged 55% to 83% thinning. ATS was applied at 1.0% (v/v) on `Delicious' and 1.5% (v/v) on `Fuji' at 40% and 80% full bloom. ATS thinned `Delicious' an average of 30% compared to the water control. In `Fuji', ATS thinned an average of 20% to 42%. Another experiment involved the combination of ATS or Endothall with standard postbloom thinning regimes. Fruit quality data were collected on both bloom and postbloom thinned blocks. Differences in fruit size and shape were significantly correlated with NAA applications. No significant differences in soluble solids, titratable acidity, skin color, or flesh firmness were related to thinning treatments.

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