scholarly journals Analysis of hematologic and serum chemistry values of Spheniscus magellanicus with molecular detection of avian malarial parasites (Plasmodium spp.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1236-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina D.E. Campos ◽  
Jeferson R. Pires ◽  
Cristiane L. Nascimento ◽  
Gustavo Dutra ◽  
Rodolpho A. Torres-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Avian Malaria ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Spheniscus Magellanicus ◽  
Magellanic Penguins ◽  
Significant Difference

Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) routinely migrate from their breeding colonies to Southern Brazil often contracting diseases during this migration, notably avian malaria, which has been already reported in Brazil and throughout the world. Detection of Plasmodium spp. in blood smears is the routine diagnostic method of avian malaria, however it has a low sensitivity rate when compared to molecular methods. Considering the negative impact of avian malaria on penguins, the aim of this study was to detect the presence of Plasmodium spp. in Magellanic penguins using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and by verifying clinical, hematological, and biochemical alterations in blood samples as well as to verify the likely prognosis in response to infection. Blood samples were obtained from 75 penguins to determine packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), uric acid, total protein, albumin, globulin and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity levels. Whole blood samples were used for PCR assays. Plasmodium spp. was detected in 32.0% of the specimens using PCR and in 29.3% using microscopic analyses. Anorexia, diarrhea and neurological disorders were more frequent in penguins with malaria and a significant weight difference between infected and non-infected penguins was detected. PCV and MCV rates showed no significant difference. RBC and WBC counts were lower in animals with avian malaria and leukopenia was present in some penguins. Basophil and lymphocyte counts were lower in infected penguins along with high monocyte counts. There was no significant difference in AST activities between infected and non-infected animals. There was a significant increase in uric acid values, however a decrease in albumin values was observed in infected penguins. Based on this study, we concluded that Plasmodium spp. occurs in Magellanic penguins of rehabilitation centers in Southeastern Brazil, compromising the weight of infected animals with clinical alterations appearing in severe cases of this disease. It was also noted that, although the hematological abnormalities presented by these animals may not have been conclusive, leukopenia, monocytosis and the decrease of basophils and lymphocytes revealed an unfavorable prognosis, and Plasmodium spp. infections may progress with elevated uric acid concentration and low albumin levels.

scholarly journals PLASMODIUM RELICTUM AS A CAUSE OF AVIAN MALARIA IN WILD-CAUGHT MAGELLANIC PENGUINS (SPHENISCUS MAGELLANICUS)

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Fix ◽  
Cheryl Waterhouse ◽  
Ellis C. Greiner ◽  
Michael K. Stoskopf
Keyword(s):  
Avian Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Relictum ◽  
Spheniscus Magellanicus ◽  
Magellanic Penguins

Avian Malaria (Plasmodium spp.) in Captive Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) from Northern Argentina, 2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Eric Thijl Vanstreels ◽  
Félix Capellino ◽  
Patricia Silveira ◽  
Érika M. Braga ◽  
Sergio Andres Rodríguez-Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Malaria ◽  
Spheniscus Magellanicus ◽  
Magellanic Penguins

scholarly journals Association of Serum Uric Acid Concentration and Its Change with Cardiovascular Death and All-Cause Mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ze-Xuan Dong ◽  
Ming Tian ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Yang Wu ◽  
Xing-Guo Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Objective. There is no consensus on the role of abnormal uric acid (UA) levels in the prognosis of patients undergoing hemodialysis. We therefore aimed to investigate the effects of changes in UA concentration on the risk of all-cause death and cardiac death in such patients. Method. In this retrospective cohort study, patients admitted to two hemodialysis centers performing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in Wuhan First Hospital and Fourth Hospital Hemodialysis Center from January 1, 2007, to October 31, 2017, were included. Results. In all, 325 patients undergoing MHD aged 59.7±14.7 years, including 195 men (60%), were enrolled, with a median follow-up of 37 months. Serum UA (p<0.001) was significantly higher in the surviving group than in the death group. No significant difference was found in UA variability (p=0.193) between the two groups. Patients were assigned Quartile 1-Quartile 4 (from lowest to highest) based on serum UA levels. A total of 45 of 81 (55.6%) patients in Quartile 1 experienced all-cause death; 19 of 82 (23.2%) in Quartile 4 had all-cause mortality (OR, 0.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.1 to 0.5; p for trend<0.001). 25 of 81 (30.9%) in Quartile 1 had cardiac death; and 11 of 82 (13.4%) in Quartile 4 had cardiac death (OR, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.2 to 0.8; p for trend=0.003). After adjusting for age, primary renal disease, vascular access, serum albumin, and UA variability, the OR values and 95% CI for all-cause death and cardiac death were 0.3 and 0.1-0.7 (p=0.001) and 0.6 and 0.2-1.4 (p=0.101), respectively. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that UA concentration and its changes combined with age had a good predictive value for all-cause mortality in patients undergoing MHD (AUC=0.7517, 95% CI: 0.6677-0.811, p=0.0245). However, the predictive value of cardiac death was not improved (AUC=0.7394, 95% CI: 0.6677-0.811, p=0.2194). Conclusion. Low UA levels were closely related to all-cause mortality in patients undergoing MHD. Although UA levels had no significant effect on cardiac death, they had a good predictive value for long-term prognosis in patients on MHD.

scholarly journals Comparative morphometric evaluation of hepatic hemosiderosis in wild Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) infected with different Plasmodium spp. subgenera

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Ewbank ◽  
Ricardo de Francisco Strefezzi ◽  
Carlos Sacristán ◽  
Cristiane Kiyomi Miyaji Kolesnikovas ◽  
Aryse Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Malaria ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
Liver Mass ◽  
Spheniscus Magellanicus ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Magellanic Penguins ◽  
Adult Plumage ◽  
Morphometric Evaluation

Abstract Avian malaria is one of the most important diseases of captive penguins. We employed morphometric techniques to evaluate hepatic hemosiderosis in rehabilitating wild Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) that were negative (n = 9) or naturally infected by different subgenera of Plasmodium spp. (n = 24), according with: Plasmodium subgenera (Haemamoeba, Huffia, Other lineages, and Unidentified lineages), severity of Plasmodium histopathological lesions, and concurrent diseases, age class (juvenile or adult plumage), sex (male, female or not determined), body score (emaciated, thin, good, excellent, not available), molt, presence or absence of oil contamination upon admission, iron supplementation, and rehabilitation center. The percentage of the area occupied by hemosiderin was called ‘Index of Hepatic Hemosiderosis (IHH)’. Plasmodium-positive females presented significantly higher IHH values (17.53 ± 12.95%) than males (7.20 ± 4.25%; p = 0.041). We observed higher levels of congestion (p = 0.0182) and pneumonia (p = 0.0250) severity between Unidentified lineages vs. Huffia. We believe that the hepatic hemosiderosis observed in this study was multifactorial, the result of pathological processes caused by malaria, molting, hemoglobin and myoglobin catabolism during migration, anemia, concomitant diseases, and iron supplementation, all possibly potentiated by decreased liver mass. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of these hypotheses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Diacetyl Morphine on Salivary Factors and their Changes after Methadone Therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 730-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Akbari ◽  
Reza Afshari ◽  
Mahsa Sharifi ◽  
Seyed Isaac Hashemy ◽  
Sara Majidinia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Heroin Addiction ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objectives Psychoactive drugs are responsible for pathological changes in the mouth including dental caries, which most troublesome. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of heroin on several salivary factors which are involved in the oral health and their changes after methadone maintenance therapy (MMT). Materials and methods Forty patients with heroin abuse history, who referred to Imam Reza Hospital for MMT were included. Saliva sampling was carried out two times; at the first visit (time 1) and repeated 1 month after MMT (time 2). The saliva was analyzed immediately to evaluate the total volume, Ph, CPR, the Uric acid concentration, nitric oxide and antioxidant capacity. Results The mean values for saliva volume, pH, CRP, Uric acid, antioxidant and nitric oxide were 0.38 ± 0.14, 7.63 ± 1.22, 5.2 ± 2.3, 1.47 ± 0.8, 0.80 ± 0.23, and 0.26 ± 0.03, respectively at first visit and 0.34 ± 0.22, 7.37 ± 1.01, 6.1 ± 2.6, 2.18 ± 0.9, 0.74 ± 0.3 and 0.29 ± 0.08 after 1 month of MMT. These values are below the normal ranges; however, there was no significant difference between two times in term of saliva volume, pH and saliva component (p > 0.05). Conclusion Heroin addiction changed the effective salivary factors and therefore could negatively contribute to oral health. These factors were not return to the normal range after 1 month of MMT. Physicians should be informed about focusing on oral health in patients under MMT. Clinical significance Heroin addiction changed the effective salivary factors and these factors were not return to the normal range after 1 month of MMT. How to cite this article Akbari M, Afshari R, Sharifi M, Hashemy SI, Majidinia S, Tousi NK. Evaluation of the Effect of Diacetyl Morphine on Salivary Factors and their Changes after Methadone Therapy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):730-734.

scholarly journals Assessment and Correlation of Uric Acid Concentration in Saliva and Serum of Patients Attending Tertiary Care Centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-229
Author(s):  
Surakchhya Gautam ◽  
Sangita Thapa ◽  
Anju Khapung
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
P Value ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Background Serum uric acid (UA) is associated with many health conditions, including renal, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Diagnosis and monitoring often require painful invasive procedures which will add undue stress to the patients. The aim of this study was to correlate salivary and serum UA, so that, salivary sampling will help to bypass these measures and evaluate the condition of both healthy and the diseased. Methods This hospital based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in 100 participants between age groups 21 to 82 years. Demographic data including height, weight and blood pressure were recorded. Serum and salivary samples were collected and UA level in both type of samples were estimated and correlation statistics was carried out. Results Total participants are categorized in three groups, 20-40, 41-60 and more than 60 years, among which maximum participants 43% are between 41-60 years of age. Average of body mass index (BMI) was found to be 24.46, where 50% were within normal range. Mean serum and salivary UA(mg/dl) was 4.15 and 1.90 respectively, exhibiting moderate positive correlation. They were correlated with significant “p-value” according to gender, age groups and disease conditions. Paired t- test was done between the measured and calculated salivary UA and no statistically significant difference in mean of these two values was obtained. Conclusions Salivary and serum UA are associated in our study so salivary UA can be used as a biomarker. Salivary UA was found to be more gender specific and specific among adults. Salivary UA can also be used as a screening tools for young and adult population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hyperuricemia in cerebrovascular accidents and its correlation with their outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Dr. Preeti Kori ◽  
◽  
Dr. Mahendra Chouhan ◽  
Dr. Sohan Singh Mandloi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

Introduction: Cerebrovascular accident or stroke is a disease of the vascular system of the brain.According to ICD 11, stroke is classified as a neurological disease and not under the circulatorysystem. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide. It cannot be said that high Serum UricAcid [SUA] amongst patients with cerebrovascular accidents is directly correlated with theiroutcome. The present study planned to estimate uric acid levels and their association in acute strokepatients, both ischemic and hemorrhagic. Method: A total of 100 stroke patients admitted under theneurology department were included in the study. Brain imaging (CT/MRI) was performed. Theserum uric acid was estimated. Results: Out of a total of 100 patients, 74 were males, and 26 werefemales. Nine patients were less than 45 years old and 91 patients were 45 and above. Thirty-ninepatients had ischemic, and 61 patients had a hemorrhagic stroke, respectively. Out of 100 patients,23 patients had normal uric acid levels (<7mg/dl). Seventy-seven patients were with high uric acidlevels. The mean serum uric acid concentration in male patients was 8.48±2.7and 9.20±2.7 infemales. Among the total 100 cases, 69 survived, and the remaining 31 were among the non-survivor group at the time of discharge. Mean serum uric acid in stroke survivors was 8.5±2.6mg/dl, while in non-survivors, it was 8.6±2.2 mg/dl. There was no significant difference between thelevels of uric acid among survivors and non-survivors. Conclusions: The prevalence ofhyperuricemia (>9mg/dl) amongst stroke patients was 77% in the present study. The values ofserum uric acid were significantly elevated in the patients aged > 45 years. The serum uric acidvalues were high among the group of hyperglycemic and hypertensive patients at the time ofadmission. There was no significant difference between the levels of uric acid among survivors andnon-survivors.

scholarly journals Blood parameters and measurements of weight in the rehabilitation of Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus, Foster 1781)

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Martins ◽  
R.P. Silva Filho ◽  
M.O. Xavier ◽  
M.C.A. Meireles ◽  
R.B. Robaldo
Keyword(s):  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Magellanic Penguin ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Spheniscus Magellanicus ◽  
Magellanic Penguins ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

During the austral winter the appearance of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) is common on the southern coast of Brazil. The oil pollution constitutes a major cause of death of these birds. The monitoring of the weight and blood variables is important to make decisions during the rehabilitation and release of these animals. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the penguins' survival during rehabilitation and the values of hematocrit (Hct), total plasma protein (TPP) and body weight (BW) of the birds received at Centro de Recuperação de Animais Marinhos (Recovery Centre for Sea Animals) between 2006 and 2009. The analysis took place weekly, and penguins were classified according to the outcome of the rehabilitation process, when 101 specimens were rehabilitated and released, and 67 died. Released animals showed a decrease in the Hct in the second and third weeks (41±6% and 40±5% respectively) followed by recovery of the values in the fourth and fifth week (41±4% and 43±4% respectively). TPP levels increased steadily over the collections, stabilizing at 7.3±0.8g/dL in the fourth week. On the other hand, animals that died, although following the same response for TPP, showed no significant difference in Hct between collections, and showed a tendency for loss of BW in the last weeks of rehabilitation. The curves of BW and Hct during rehabilitation were considered a potential prognostic indicator of penguins in rehabilitation. Animals that arrived at the recovery centre with BW, Hct and TPP above 2.700g, 45% and 5.6 g / dL, respectively, have a greater chance of recovery, making these parameters crucial points in decision making regarding the treatment to be conducted during rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Serum Uric Acid, Alanine Aminotransferase, Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cell Count Levels in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Simavlı ◽  
Yasin Yücel Bucak ◽  
Mehmet Tosun ◽  
Mesut Erdurmuş
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count

Purpose. The pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation (PEX), the most common cause of secondary glaucoma, has not been clearly identified, but there is increasing evidence that points out the role of oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to evaluate some of the most commonly used blood parameters, hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and uric acid (UA) levels, in subjects with PEX.Materials and Methods. This study is performed in a state hospital between November 2011 and December 2012. Retrospective chart review of subjects who underwent cataract surgery was performed. Thirty-one healthy subjects with PEX and 34 healthy subjects without PEX were evaluated. Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA levels were recorded. Student’st-test was used to compare the two groups.Results. The mean age was73.6±14.1years in PEX group and70.1±12.7in control groupp=0.293. Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA levels did not show a statistically significant difference among PEX and control groups (p>0.05for all).Conclusion. Serum levels of Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA levels were similar in subjects with and without PEX. Further studies are needed to clarify the precise role of Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA in the pathogenesis of PEX.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document