scholarly journals Mowing Associated to Chemical Control for Glyphosate-Resistant Cotton Stalk Destruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.B.P. BRAZ ◽  
E.R. ANDRADE JR. ◽  
M. NICOLAI ◽  
R.F. LOPEZ OVEJERO ◽  
A.L. CAVENAGHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Cotton Stalks ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

ABSTRACT: Post-harvest cotton stalk control is mandatory in many cotton producing countries, and the major methods used for this practice are mechanical and chemical (glyphosate and 2,4-D as the most usual herbicides applied), or a combination of both. However, the adoption of glyphosate-resistant cotton varieties by growers have required the development of alternative chemical treatments. Six trials were conducted to evaluate systems combining mowing and chemical control of glyphosate-resistant cotton stalks. Experiments conducted in 2014 were installed in randomized complete block design with nineteen treatments and four replicates. In 2015, the experiments were also conducted in randomized complete block design with eleven treatments and four replicates. Herbicide treatments were applied after cotton stalk mowing. Cotton stalk control varied according to rainfall regime after herbicide application. A single herbicide application to stub regrowth plants did not provide acceptable efficacy in cotton stalk destruction, independently of the treatment used. The best options for glyphosate-resistant cotton stalk control consisted of 2,4-D application immediately after mowing, followed by sequential application of combinations of 2,4-D with flumiclorac, carfentrazone or imazethapyr.

scholarly journals Association of Mechanical and Chemical Methods for Cotton Stalk Destruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. FRANCISCHINI ◽  
J. CONSTANTIN ◽  
W.D. MATTE ◽  
R.S. OLIVEIRA JR. ◽  
F.A. RIOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Prophylactic Measure ◽  
Cotton Stalks ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
Integrated Methods

ABSTRACT: The destruction of cotton stalks after harvesting is a prophylactic measure aimed at reducing the population of insects and disease inoculants that may remain in the crop residues and remaining cotton plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate integrated methods of management of the cotton stalks, combining mechanical and chemical control, to promote the eradication of cotton stalks. A 7x5 factorial experiment was installed where seven different methods of mechanical control of cotton stalk and five herbicide treatments were tested. The percentage of control (visual scale of 0 to 100%) and the number of plants regrowth per meter were evaluated at 14, 28 and 50 days after herbicide application treatment. At the end of the experiment, the size of the regrowth was evaluated at 50 days. The methods of management with mowing associated with an application on the stalk followed by another application to plant regrowth’s and mowing with two sequential applications in the sprouts, for the herbicidal treatments 2,4-D + glyphosate in association with [imazapic + imazapyr]) or saflufenacil, promoted the highest control rates of cotton stalks. Aiming at the effectiveness and speed of control, the management with the application of the treatment with 2,4-D + glyphosate + saflufenacil on the stalk, after mowing, associated to another application in the regrowth, provided 100% control at 14 days after the last application and totally inhibited the regrowth of the stalks, and was considered the most effective in the destruction of cotton stalks.

scholarly journals S-metolachlor efficacy on the control of Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, and Panicum maximum in mechanically green harvested sugarcane

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Correia ◽  
F.J. Perussi ◽  
L.J.P. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of S-metolachlor applied in pre-emergence conditions for the control of Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, and Panicum maximum in sugar cane mechanically harvested without previous burning of the crop (green harvest) with the crop residue either left or not on the soil surface. The experiments were established in the field according to a randomized complete block design with four repetitions in a 7 x 2 split-plot scheme. In the plots, five herbicide treatments were studied (S-metolachlor at 1.44, 1.92, and 2.40 kg ha-1, clomazone at 1.20 kg ha-1, and isoxaflutole at 0.188 kg ha-1), and two control treatments with no herbicide application. In the subplots, the presence or absence of sugar cane crop residue on the soil surface was evaluated. S-metolachlor efficacy was not hampered by either 14 or 20 t ha-1 of sugar cane crop residue on the soil surface. When sugar cane crop residue was covering the soil surface, S-metolachlor at a rate of 1.44 kg ha-1 resulted in weed control similar at their larger rates, where as without the presence of crop residue, S-metolachlor controlled B. decumbens, D. horizontalis, and P. maximum at the rates of 1.92, 1.44, and 1.92 kg ha-1, respectively. The herbicides clomazone and isoxaflutole were effective for the studied species, independently of the crop residue covering the soil surface. S-metolachlor caused no visible injury symptoms to the sugar cane plant. Clomazone and isoxaflutole caused visible injuries to the sugar cane plant. None of the herbicides negatively affected the number of viable culms m² or the culm height and diameter.

scholarly journals CONTROLE QUÍMICO DE MILHO RESISTENTE AO GLYPHOSATE PROVENIENTE DE DIFERENTES HÍBRIDOS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 535
Author(s):  
LUCAS BRAGA PEREIRA BRAZ ◽  
GUILHERME BRAGA PEREIRA BRAZ ◽  
SERGIO DE OLIVEIRA PROCÓPIO ◽  
ALESSANDRO GUERRA DA SILVA ◽  
ANTONIO JOAQUIM BRAGA PEREIRA BRAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Chemical Management ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Corn Plants

 RESUMO – As plantas voluntárias de milho podem causar perdas quando em convivência com outras culturas, tornando-se necessário proceder seu controle. Neste sentido, diferentes estratégias podem ser utilizadas, destacando-se o manejo químico. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a suscetibilidade de híbridos de milho RR® ao controle químico com aplicação de herbicidas em pós-emergência. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, utilizando-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. Na parcela principal foram avaliados oito tratamentos compostos pela aplicação de clethodim + glyphosate, quizalofop-p-ethyl + glyphosate, clodinafop + glyphosate, imazethapyr + glyphosate, [imazamox + bentazon] + glyphosate, cloransulan + glyphosate, glyphosate e testemunha sem aplicação. Nas subparcelas foram semeados nove híbridos de milho RR®. Tratamentos contendo [imazamox + bentazon] ou cloransulan não foram eficientes no controle de plantas de milho RR® em estádio V6. O imazethapyr associado ao glyphosate foi eficiente no controle de plantas de milho dos híbridos DKB390, SYN7025 e CD384, os quais mostram maior suscetibilidade a esse herbicida em comparação aos demais híbridos. Plantas provenientes de todos os híbridos avaliados, no estádio V6, podem ser totalmente controladas com a aplicação dos herbicidas quizalofop-p-ethyl, clodinafop e clethodim, contudo, clethodim apresentou ação mais lenta.Palavras-chave: herbicidas, plantas voluntárias, pós-emergência, Zea mays. CHEMICAL CONTROL IN DIFFERENT GLYPHOSATE RESISTANT MAIZE HYBRIDS  ABSTRACT – Volunteer corn plants can cause high losses when in coexistence with other crops, making necessary its control. In this sense, different strategies can be used, emphasizing the chemical management. The objective of this work was to evaluate the susceptibility of RR® corn hybrids to chemical control with post-emergence herbicides. The experiment was carried out at field, using a randomized complete block design in a split plots scheme, with four replications. In the main plot, eight treatments were evaluated using clethodim + glyphosate, quizalofop-p-ethyl + glyphosate, clodinafop + glyphosate, imazethapyr + glyphosate, [imazamox + bentazon] + glyphosate, cloransulan + glyphosate, glyphosate, and a control without herbicide application. In the subplots, nine RR® corn hybrids were sown. Treatments with [imazamox + bentazon] and cloransulan were not efficient in the control of RR® corn plants at V6 stage. The imazethapyr treatment associated to glyphosate was efficient in controlling the corn hybrids DKB390, SYN7025, and CD384, which showed greater susceptibility to this herbicide compared to the other hybrids evaluated. Plants of all evaluated hybrids can be controlled at V6 with the application of quizalofop-p-ethyl, clodinafop, and clethodim, however, clethodim presented slower action.Keywords: herbicides, volunteer plants, post-emergence, Zea mays. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of POST-Harvest Herbicide Applications for Seed Prevention of Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney D. Crow ◽  
Lawrence E. Steckel ◽  
Robert M. Hayes ◽  
Thomas C. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Soil Seedbank ◽  
Residual Herbicide

Recent increases in the prevalence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth mandate that new control strategies be developed to optimize weed control and crop performance. A field study was conducted in 2012 and 2013 in Jackson, TN, and in 2013 in Knoxville, TN, to evaluate POST weed management programs applied after harvest (POST-harvest) for prevention of seed production from GR Palmer amaranth and to evaluate herbicide carryover to winter wheat. Treatments were applied POST-harvest to corn stubble, with three applications followed by a PRE herbicide applied at wheat planting. Paraquat alone or mixed withS-metolachlor controlled 91% of existing Palmer amaranth 14 d after treatment but did not control regrowth. Paraquat tank-mixed with a residual herbicide of metribuzin, pyroxasulfone, saflufenacil, flumioxazin, pyroxasulfone plus flumioxazin, or pyroxasulfone plus fluthiacet improved control of regrowth or new emergence compared with paraquat alone. All residual herbicide treatments provided similar GR Palmer amaranth control. Through implementation of POST-harvest herbicide applications, the addition of 1,200 seed m−2or approximately 12 million seed ha−1to the soil seedbank was prevented. Overall, the addition of a residual herbicide provided only 4 to 7% more GR Palmer amaranth control than paraquat alone. Wheat injury was evident (< 10%) in 2012 from the PRE applications, but not in 2013. Wheat grain yield was not adversely affected by any herbicide application.

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITY OF DESICCATED AND STORED AZUKI BEAN SEEDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
CÁSSIO JARDIM TAVARES ◽  
PATRÍCIA CARDOSO FERREIRA ◽  
ADRIANO JAKELAITIS ◽  
JULIANA DE FÁTIMA SALES ◽  
OSVALDO RESENDE
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Azuki Bean ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Seed Health Test ◽  
Health Test

ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of using different herbicides as desiccants in pre-harvest and the effects of storage on the physiological and sanitary quality of azuki bean seeds (Vigna angularis Willd). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design in a split plot scheme, with four replications. Four herbicides were tested: paraquat (400 g a.i. ha-1), glufosinate ammonium (400 g a.i. ha-1), glyphosate (720 g a.i. ha-1), flumioxazin (30 g a.i. ha-1) and a control without herbicide application. In the subplots seed quality was tested in two evaluation periods: at harvest and six months after harvest. Desiccant was applied when the azuki beans were physiologically mature. We assessed the physiological and sanitary quality of the seeds using a vigour and seed health test. The use of glyphosate resulted in a higher incidence of abnormal seedlings and reduced size and weight of the seedlings. With paraquat and flumioxazin the physiological quality was maintained and there was reduced pathogen infestation in the seeds six months after harvest. Storage affected the physiological quality of the azuki bean seeds.

scholarly journals Optimization of Spray Fluid for Herbicide Application for Drones in Irrigated Maize (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
C. Supriya ◽  
P. MuraliArthanari ◽  
R. Kumaraperumal ◽  
A. P. Sivamurugan
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weed Control Efficiency

A field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design to screen the optimum spray fluid of herbicide application for drone based on visual toxicity and weed control efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.) during the summer season (March 2021) at eastern block farms of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Three herbicide treatments namely Atrazine, Tembotrione and 2, 4-D with recommended dosages, 75% and 125% as pre-emergence herbicides applied on 3 days after, early post-emergence herbicides applied on 15 days after sowing and post-emergence applied on 25 days after sowing respectively. Totally thirty treatments with different spray fluids such as 500, 400, 300, 200, 100, 80, 60, 40, 30 L ha-1 and 20 L ha-1 were replicated three times. The study revealed that T5- Recommended dosage of pre emergence Atrazine – early post emergence Tembotrione – post emergence 2, 4-D (spray fluid 100 L of water ha-1),T6- Recommended dosage of pre emergence Atrazine – early post emergence Tembotrione–post emergence 2, 4-D (spray fluid 80 L of water ha-1), T7- Recommended dosage of pre emergence Atrazine – early post emergence Tembotrione – post emergence 2, 4-D (spray fluid 60 L of water ha-1) and T8- Recommended dosage of pre emergence Atrazine – early post emergence Tembotrione – post emergence 2, 4-D (spray fluid 40 L of water ha-1) produced the best results with respect to phytotoxicity and weed control efficiency. Based on the results it was concluded that the application of spray fluid 80 L ha-1 was optimum for herbicide application through drones with recommended dosage pre emergence Atrazine 1 kg a.i ha-1 on 3 days after sowing – early post emergence Tembotrione 120 g a.i ha-1 on 15-20 days after sowing - post emergence 2, 4-D 1 kg a.i ha-1 on 30 - 35 days after sowing.

scholarly journals Chemical Control of Citrus Leafminer in Lime, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
J. E. Peña
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
Citrus Leafminer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Old Trees

Abstract Insecticides for the control of CLM were evaluated from 9 Jun through 14 Jul 1994 on 15 yr old trees 2.5 m tall on 21 × 21 ft spacing in Homestead, FL. A randomized complete block design was used with 8 treatments and 4 replications. Each replication consisted of 3 trees. Treatments were sprayed with a handgun at 350 PSI with complete coverage using approximately 200 gpa. Samples consisted of 1 flush from each tree, from which 7 to 20 consecutive leaves were observed which represented 84—80 leaves per treatment. Samples were examined with a dissecting microscope to determine larvae (alive or dead), pupae, number of mines per leaf and percent surface damage per leaf.

Effect of Soybean (Glycine max) Row Spacing on Chemical Control of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Shaw ◽  
Stacey A. Bruff ◽  
Clyde A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Better Than

Sicklepod control with seven chemical treatments was evaluated in 25-cm and 97-cm soybean row widths. Metribuzin applied preplant incorporated followed by metribuzin applied preemergence, and metribuzin applied preplant incorporated followed by either imazaquin or chlorimuron applied postemergence controlled sicklepod over 90% early in the season, and row spacing did not influence control at that evaluation. In late season ratings, all herbicide treatments controlled sicklepod better in 25-cm rows than in 97-cm rows. However, only imazaquin applied sequentially or metribuzin followed by chlorimuron in 25-cm rows controlled sicklepod greater than 80% late in the season. Sicklepod control in 25-cm row soybean with either imazaquin or metribuzin plus chlorimuron applied preplant incorporated was equivalent to or better than sequential preemergence and postemergence treatments of these three herbicides in 97-cm rows. All treatments resulted in lower yields than the weed-free check in the 97-cm rows, whereas all herbicide treatments except the sequential application of metribuzin gave yields equivalent to the weed free check in 25-cm rows.

scholarly journals Comparison of Tegra and Conventional Rice Cultivation in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
AKMS Islam ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
ABMZ Rahman ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
YJ Kim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Tegra practice (healthy seedling, mechanical transplanting, herbicide application and advisory services), as a new concept in commercial rice cultivation, needs to be evaluated with farmer’s practices in our country. This study was conducted in the farmers’ field during Aman 2013 and Boro 2013-14 seasons in Bogra district. In each season, six farmers within one kilometer radius were selected to conduct this study. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two treatments namely farmer’s practices (FP) and Tegra practices (TP) were used in the experiment. Self-propelled four rows walking-type rice transplanter was used to transplant seedling in TP. Seedlings were raised in plastic tray to use in mechanical transplanter. The mat seedlings were ready to transplant when attained 3-4 leaves and 10-12 cm height. Mechanical transplanting found faster than manual transplanting. Missing/floating hill observed insignificant in mechanically transplanted field. Fuel consumption of mechanical transplanter obtained 4.5 L/ha. Tender aged seedling was used in TP and seedling age was higher in FP than TP. Plant height followed the similar trend in both the practices. Tillering ability obtained the highest in TP than FP. TP produced significantly higher (14-23%) grain yield in both seasons. The total cost of production, gross return, gross margin and BCR obtained the highest in TP. BCR showed 5-13% higher in TP than FP in both the seasons due to higher grain and straw yield. The economic analysis clearly revealed the profitability of TP over FP in both the seasons.Bangladesh Rice j. 2016, 20(1): 33-43

scholarly journals Control of ALS- and EPSPS-Resistant Amaranthus palmeri by Alternative Herbicides Applied in PRE- and POST-Emergence

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GONÇALVES NETTO ◽  
M. NICOLAI ◽  
S.J.P. CARVALHO ◽  
M.R. MALARDO ◽  
R.F. LÓPEZ-OVEJERO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

ABSTRACT: The emergence of resistant biotypes of the Amaranthus palmeri species in cotton production areas of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, generated the need for correct identification of this species and information on viable herbicidal tools for their management. Thus, greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of alternative herbicides applied to A. palmeri in pre and post emergence. A randomized block design with four replications was used. The efficacy of herbicides applied in pre emergence was evaluate in two experiments, one in a clayey and other in a sandy soil; 9 herbicide treatments (8 with herbicide application and a control without application) were applied on each soil. Subsequently, two experiments with different populations of A. palmeri were conducted, using a 13 x 2 factorial arrangement, to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides applied in post emergence. The factors consisted of 13 herbicide treatments (12 with herbicide application and a control without application) and two weed development stages (2-4 and 6-8 leaves). Pre-emergence application of the flumioxazin, S-metolachlor, isoxaflutole, and trifluralin herbicides controlled the weed satisfactorily in both evaluated soils. The sulfentrazone and metribuzin herbicides were effective in the sandy soil, and diuron was effective in the clayey soil. The clomazone herbicide did not successfully controlled the A. palmeri plants in any of the soils. All post-emergence herbicide treatments were effective for the management of A. palmeri plants, when they were applied at the 2-4 leaf stage.

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