Minitomato cultivation with substrate under different fertigation management strategies

ABSTRACT The application of high level of fertilization and inadequate management of fertigation in tomato crop can promote increase of salinity of the solution, nutritional imbalance and physiological disorders in the plants, consequently reduces the productivity and the quality of the fruits. The aim of this study was to evaluate different fertigation strategies in growth and production of mini tomato plants cultivated with substrate in a greenhouse. The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks with four treatments and twenty replicates. The treatments corresponded to four fertigation strategies, as follows: T1 [(control) fertigation with leaching of 20%]; T2 fertigation throughout the day and irrigation at the end of the day with leaching of 20%; T3 irrigation with leaching of 20%, followed by fertigation in all activations of the irrigation system; T4 fertigation with leaching of 20% and reuse of the leached solution. Stem height and diameter, number of clusters, total and commercial fruit production, fruit size, fruit color, total titratable acidity, soluble solids content and fruit texture were evaluated. No significant differences were detected among the treatments in relation to the growth variables of the mini tomato plants. The strategies of fertigation tested do not influence significantly the growth of tomato plants. The T1 and T4 managements provide higher commercial production and fruits with higher content of soluble solids when compared with other management strategies evaluated. Considering the nutritional factor, we recommend to reuse the nutrient solution used in the tomato cultivation with substrate, correcting daily the electrical conductivity of the solution.

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Higher Temperatures Decrease Fruit Size in Strawberry Growing in the Subtropics

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7020034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Christopher Menzel

Keyword(s):

Fruit Size ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Significant Relationships ◽

Small Fruit ◽

Solids Content

Five strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars were grown in Queensland, Australia to determine whether higher temperatures affect production. Transplants were planted on 29 April and data collected on growth, marketable yield, fruit weight and the incidence of small fruit less than 12 g until 28 October. Additional data were collected on fruit soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) from 16 September to 28 October. Minimum temperatures were 2 °C to 4 °C higher than the long-term averages from 1965 to 1990. Changes in marketable yield followed a dose-logistic pattern (p < 0.001, R2s = 0.99). There was a strong negative relationship between fruit weight (marketable) and the average daily mean temperature in the four or seven weeks before harvest from 29 July to 28 October (p < 0.001, R2s = 0.90). There were no significant relationships between SSC and TA, and temperatures in the eight days before harvest from 16 September to 28 October (p > 0.05). The plants continued to produce a marketable crop towards the end of the season, but the fruit were small and more expensive to harvest. Higher temperatures in the future are likely to affect the economics of strawberry production in subtropical locations.

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The Effect of Timing of the Final Seasonal Nitrogen Fertigation on Early Fruit Maturity, Fruit Diameter, and Leaf Nitrogen on Navel Oranges

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.9.1.51 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 51-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Craig Kallsen

Keyword(s):

Irrigation System ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Leaf Nitrogen ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Calcium Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Solids Concentration ◽

Fruit Maturity ◽

Fruit Diameter ◽

Soluble Solids Concentration

Previous research has shown that nitrogen fertilization rates may influence fruit quality characteristics of navel oranges [(Citrus sinensis) (L.) Osbeck]. The objective of this study was to determine, for equal seasonal N applications, if the timing of the last seasonal nitrogen fertigation promotes early fruit maturity or affects fruit size. The study consisted of four treatments with the total seasonal allocation of nitrogen fertilizer applied by ≈1 May, 1 June, 1 July, and 1 Aug. in an experimental site in a commercial orange grove in the southern San Joaquin Valley of California. The source of nitrogen was a liquid calcium ammonium nitrate injected through the irrigation system. No significant treatment differences in soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, the ratio of soluble solids concentration to titratable acidity, percent juice, fruit color and fruit diameter were detected in fruit sampled in October. Similarly, in September, no significant differences in leaf nitrogen were found among treatments. These results do not support the hypothesis that applying the total seasonal application of nitrogen early in the season results in earlier orange maturity or larger fruit size, at least not for trees that have leaf N in the optimum range.

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Fruit quality of McIntosh apples irrigated with well or municipal waste water

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps91-176 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 1267-1269

Author(s):

M. Meheriuk ◽

G. H. Neilsen

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Skin Color ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Municipal Waste ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

First Year ◽

Well Water ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Solids Content

McIntosh apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) irrigated with municipal waste water were softer at harvest and had lower fruit Cu than comparable fruit irrigated with well water. Fruit size, percent red skin color, soluble solids content and fruit N, Ca, K/Ca, K + Mg/Ca, K + Mg + Na/Ca, B, Fe, Mn and Zn were not affected by source of water. Fruit P, Mg, K and Na were higher in apples irrigated with waste water in the second but not the first year of the 2-yr study. Titratable acidity was higher with well water the first year and with waste water the second year. Incidence of core flush was higher in the fruit irrigated with waste water. Key words: Apple, skin color, flesh firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, fruit Ca, Mg, K, Cu, Na, N and P, core flush

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Volatile and Nonvolatile Flavor Chemical Evaluation of USDA Orange–Mandarin Hybrids for Comparison to Sweet Orange and Mandarin Fruit

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.141.4.339 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 141 (4) ◽

pp. 339-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jinhe Bai ◽

Elizabeth Baldwin ◽

Jack Hearn ◽

Randy Driggers ◽

Ed Stover

Keyword(s):

Sweet Orange ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Volatile Profile ◽

Detection Frequency ◽

And Cluster Analysis ◽

Solids Content ◽

Almost All

Three citrus hybrids, containing 50% to 75% sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) genome in their pedigrees and similar to sweet orange in fruit size, color, and taste, were tested for their potential to be classified as new “sweet orange” cultivars. ‘Hamlin’, ‘Midsweet’, and three other early to midseason sweet oranges, along with ‘Dancy’ tangerine (Citrus reticulata), a typical mandarin, were used for comparison. Fruit were picked on 23 Jan. 2014, 30 Dec. 2014, and 27 Jan. 2015. A total of 114 volatiles were detected and separated into seven groups by detection frequency: three groups with 43 volatile components did not show differences and thus contributed little information for classification of sweet orange vs. mandarin, and the remaining four groups with 71 volatiles contributed to distinctions between orange and mandarin. Among the hybrids, the pattern of volatile detection frequency for hybrid FF-1-74-52 was virtually identical to sweet orange, and cluster analysis agreed with the classification. The number of average peaks were 55 to 62 in sweet oranges, 67 in FF-1-74-52, and 17 to 37 in tangerine and other hybrids. Quantity analysis of individual volatiles and chemical classes indicated that FF-1-74-52 and sweet oranges were rich in total volatile abundance, and almost all chemical classes including mono and sesquiterpenes, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and esters. This was especially true for ethyl butanoate, which contributes a fruity top note, and valencene and all sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, which only contribute to citrus flavor indirectly through their contribution to headspace partitioning. Two other hybrids, FF-1-75-55 and FF-1-76-51, each had some similarity to sweet oranges in several chemicals and classes, but not in the overall volatile profile. All three sweet orange–like hybrids met the standards for mandarins and oranges in soluble solids content, titratable acidity (TA), and the ratio. The above volatile and nonvolatile flavor chemical profile comparisons strongly support a proposal to classify FF-1-74-52 as a “sweet orange” commercially, and all three hybrids were previously shown to be more similar to sweet orange in their volatile profile than is ‘Ambersweet’. ‘Ambersweet’ was a hybrid that was legally classified as a “sweet orange” in 1995 based on its volatile profile.

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Initial production and fruit quality of fifty-seven sweet orange varieties on four rootstocks in southern state of Bahia

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452021765 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Stanley Bravo Buffon ◽

Moises Zucoloto ◽

Orlando Sampaio Passos ◽

Dimmy Herllen Silveira Gomes Barbosa ◽

Marcelo Soares Altoé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

San Diego ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Productive Efficiency ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Pulp Yield ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Set Up ◽

Solids Content

Abstract Prior knowledge of scion/rootstock combinations is essential for establishing appropriate citrus orchard management strategies. The objective of this work was to assess the initial yield and fruit quality among 228 scion/rootstock combinations set up in the municipality of Ibirapuã, extreme south of the state of Bahia in 2015. Harvests were carried out from April to August 2019, when trees reached 4 years of age. Number, total mass and cross-sectional diameter of fruits, productive efficiency, pulp yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity and SS/AT ratio were evaluated. Statistical difference for all characteristics related to production and fruit quality regarding factors studied and their combinations was observed. Among ‘Pera’ orange clones, ‘Pera CNPMF A-15’/‘San Diego’ citrandarin and ‘Pera CNPMF D-3’/‘Riverside’ citrandarin combinations stood out. ‘Sincorá’ orange, in combination with ‘San Diego’ and ‘Indio’ citrandarins presented potential to be recommended to producers who wish to anticipate their harvests, as well as ‘Natal Ipeal’ orange in combination with ‘Indio’ citrandarin, in the sense of postponing them.

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Historical Trends in Strawberry Fruit Quality Revealed by a Trial of University of Florida Cultivars and Advanced Selections

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.46.4.553 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 553-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Vance M. Whitaker ◽

Tomas Hasing ◽

Craig K. Chandler ◽

Anne Plotto ◽

Elizabeth Baldwin

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Quality Traits ◽

University Of Florida ◽

Fruit Quality Traits ◽

Solids Content ◽

Chemical Traits ◽

Over Time

The University of Florida strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch. ex Rosier) breeding program has maintained a continuous breeding effort since 1968 to develop cultivars that are highly adapted to winter production in west-central Florida. To gain insight into breeding progress over time, two advanced selections (UF1 and UF2) and 10 released cultivars, from Florida Belle (1975) to Florida Radiance (2008), were compared for various fruit quality traits in a two-location field study during the 2009–2010 season. Fruit size varied dramatically from 30.8 g for ‘Elyana’ to 16.2 g for ‘Dover’ at Balm, FL, and from 28.3 g for UF2 to 16.6 g for ‘Dover’ at Dover, FL. A linear regression of fruit size on year of release revealed an average gain of 2.6 g per year since 1975 for the cultivars and selections tested (R2 = 0.44). A similar analysis revealed a reduction over time in the proportion of cull fruit (R2 = 0.30). Gains were apparent for the redness of the internal flesh, from a colorimeter a* value of 16.1 for ‘Florida Belle’ (1975) to 34.7 for ‘Carmine’ (2002) but were not sustained for later releases and selections. Although there were significant differences among genotypes for all chemical traits affecting flavor, there were no discernable patterns over time. There were wide month-to-month variations in individual sugars and organic acids, except for citric acid, which was stable across months and locations. The ratio of soluble solids content to titratable acidity ranged widely among genotypes, from a high of 15.7 for ‘Florida Belle’ in February at Dover, FL, to a low of 6.4 for ‘Winter Dawn’ in January at Balm, FL. The observed variability and trends in fruit quality traits will help guide future genetic studies and inform decisions about future breeding priorities and selection procedures.

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PRODUCTION, PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL QUALITY AND BIOATIVE COMPOUNDS OF MISTY BLUEBERRY FRUIT UNDER DIFFERENT PRUNING INTENSITIES

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452016158 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (spe) ◽

Author(s):

GISELY CORREA DE MOURA ◽

◽

MARCIA VIZZOTTO ◽

LUCIANO PICOLOTTO ◽

LUIS EDUARDO CORRÊA ANTUNES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Total Titratable Acidity ◽

Phytochemical Compounds

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pruning intensity on yield and quality of blueberries fruits. It was evaluated the cultivar Misty. The treatments were: absence of pruning; light pruning; regular pruning and drastic pruning. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The variables analyzed were fruit production, fruit size, pH, total soluble solids (TSS) and total titratable acidity (TTA), and the bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity. The plants that received drastic pruning showed higher averages of production and fruit size. The highest concentrations of phytochemical compounds in blueberry fruits occurred as pruning was more drastic. The use of different intensity of pruning can modify the productive behavior and postharvest quality of fruits.

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PRODUCTION, PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL QUALITY AND BIOATIVE COMPOUNDS OF MISTY BLUEBERRY FRUIT UNDER DIFFERENT PRUNING INTENSITIES

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452017158 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (spe) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

GISELY CORREA DE MOURA ◽

MARCIA VIZZOTTO ◽

LUCIANO PICOLOTTO ◽

LUIS EDUARDO CORRÊA ANTUNES

Keyword(s):

Fruit Size ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Total Titratable Acidity ◽

Phytochemical Compounds

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Potassium fertilization via fertigation and conventional application on quality of tomato fruits

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n10p913-917 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 913-917 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mário de O. Rebouças Neto ◽

Benito M. de Azevedo ◽

Thales V. de A. Viana ◽

José B. R. de Mesquita ◽

Marco A. R. de Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Role ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Tomato Fruits ◽

Additional Control ◽

Solids Content ◽

K Fertilization ◽

Drip Fertigation

ABSTRACT The tomato crop plays an important environmental, economic and even social role, especially for creating employment and income. The present work aims to evaluate the effects of potassium (K) drip fertigation and of conventional K fertilization on the tomato crop quality. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, in the period between August 2011 and December 2011, in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement and the treatments corresponded to doses (D1 = 200, D2 = 400 and D3 = 800 kg K2O ha-1) and K fertilizing methods (F1 - Fertigation and F2 - Conventional fertilization), plus an additional control (without K fertilization) for each fertilizing method, with four replicates. The following variables were analyzed: fruit firmness (FF), soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), pH and SS/TA ratio. K fertilization through fertigation (400 kg K2O ha-1) increases SS and the SS/TA ratio of the tomato fruits. Thus, K fertigation is the most promising method, since it allows the use of a lower K dose.

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Potassium and growth-promoting fungi improve the postharvest quality of grape tomato

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n2p675 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 675-692

Author(s):

Deise Silva Castro Pimentel Cardoso Cardoso ◽

◽

Herminia Emilia Prieto Martinez ◽

Ariana Mota Pereira ◽

Maria Catarina Megumi Kasuya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Low K

Tomato plants respond well to potassium fertilization, whose insufficiency leads to a drop in fruit production and quality. On the other hand, the association of growth-promoting fungi (GPF) with roots has been shown to be able to optimize nutrient absorption, which implies lower financial costs and a decreased risk of loss of K applied to the soil. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of inoculation with GPF and K rates on the postharvest quality of grape tomato hybrid ‘Mascot’ grown in a hydroponic system. The plants were cultivated in a hydroponic drip system using washed and sterilized sand as substrate. They were trained with two stems, leaving three bunches per stem. The experiment was carried out in a splitsplit-plot arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Ripe fruits were stored for 30 days in PET containers in storage chambers at a temperature of 25 °C. After 0, 10, 20 and 30 days of storage, five fruits were collected to determine the titratable acidity (TA) and soluble solids (SS), reducing sugars (RS) and vitamin C contents. The K rates provided an increase in the quality attributes. At low K rates, inoculation with GPF led to higher TA, SS, RS and vitamin C values. Inoculation of the plants with GPF improved the postharvest preservation of the fruits, especially when the plants underwent nutritional stress during cultivation.

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