Oral carcinoma epidemiology in Paraná State, Southern Brazil

Oral carcinoma is the sixth most frequent type of cancer in the world and the seventh most common in Brazil (the country with the highest incidence in Latin America). Mean five-year survival remains one of the lowest among the main cancers, thus justifying studies that contribute to the development of preventive strategies. The aim of this study was to compare the epidemiological, clinical, and histological characteristics of 91 patients with oral carcinoma. Mean age was 58.62 ± 10.46 years, and male-to-female ratio was 6.6:1.0 (79 men and 12 women). European descendants predominated with 79 patients (86.8%). Eighty-five individuals (93.4%) smoked and 70 (76.9%) consumed alcohol regularly. Anatomical distribution of tumors was: 27 (29.7%) tongue; 18 (19.8%) floor of mouth; 11 (12.1%) oropharynx; and 11 (12.1%) oral mucosa. Fifty-seven patients (62.6%) presented lymph node involvement and three (3.3%) had distant metastases. Surgery and radiotherapy were used in 43.2% of patients. With the exception of the male/female ratio (which was higher), our data are consistent with previous studies on oral carcinoma patients.

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Analysis of primary oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in Beijing inhabitants, China—a 10-year continuous study of a single center

10.21203/rs.2.24816/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xuexiao Bai ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Li Wei

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Node Involvement

Abstract Backgroud The aim of the study was to evaluate whether Beijing inhabitants with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) differ from previous reports with regard to clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis, and study the influence of prognostic factors. Methods Consecutive cases of primary oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in Beijing patients admitted between 2004 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical data included age, sex, location, site, TNM stage, history of drinking and smoking, differentiation and follow up information. Results A total of 603 cases were included in this study. The male: female ratio was 1.1:1. The frequency of sites decreased in the order tongue, gingiva, buccal mucosa, oral floor, oropharynx, lip and palate. Differences in location, age and stage between males and females were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Whereas 65.3% of male patients smoked or drank, only 6.3% of female patients did so. The overall 5-year survival rate was 64%. Female patients have a worse prognosis than male. For patients who received surgery, tumor size, lymph node involvement were independent prognostic factors. Smoking and drinking were not prognostic factors. Conclusion Our study indicates that the clinical characteristics OSCC patients in Beijing is similar to some developed countries, both regarding male/female ratio, diagnostic age, prognosis, which is different from previous reports in other districts of China. Lymph node involvement was the most important prognostic factor, followed by tumor size, pathological grade.

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PD-L1 Expression in Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinomas as Assessed via Immunohistochemistry: Correlations with Specific Clinical and Pathological Features, with Emphasis on Prognosis after Radical Cystectomy

Life ◽

10.3390/life11050404 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 404

Author(s):

Ioan Alin Nechifor-Boilă ◽

Andrada Loghin ◽

Adela Nechifor-Boilă ◽

Myriam Decaussin-Petrucci ◽

Septimiu Voidăzan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radical Cystectomy ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Histological Variant ◽

Node Involvement ◽

Positive Score ◽

Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy ◽

N Stage ◽

Combined Positive Score ◽

Muscle Invasive

In the present study, we analyzed Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in radical cystectomy (RC) specimens from patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC), in order to assess any correlations with specific clinicopathological features and its potential prognostic value. A multi-institutional study was performed within the departments of urology and pathology at the Mureș County Hospital, Romania, and Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, France. Sixty-nine patients with MIBC were included, for whom tumor histology (conventional versus histological variant/differentiation), tumor extension (T), lymph node involvement (N), and distant metastases (M) were recorded. PD-L1 immunostaining was performed using the 22C3 clone and was interpreted using the combined positive score (CPS) as recommended (Dako Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Positive PD-L1 immunostaining was more prevalent among UCs with squamous differentiation compared to conventional UCs and trended towards an improved OS (p = 0.366). We found the T stage to be a risk factor for poor survival in PD-L1-positive patients (HR 2.9, p = 0.021), along with the N stage in PD-L1-negative patients (HR 1.98, p = 0.007). No other clinicopathological factor was found to be significantly associated with PD-L1 positivity. Thus, we confirm the need for PD-L1 immunostaining prior to initiating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for a more accurate assessment of the patients’ chances of responding to treatment.

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Small Intestine: Adenocarcinoma

10.2310/7800.16092 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Joel M Baumgartner ◽

Sudeep Banerjee ◽

Jason K Sicklick

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Small Bowel ◽

Systemic Chemotherapy ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma ◽

Stage Disease ◽

Node Involvement ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Adenocarcinoma is the second most common nonduodenal small bowel tumor. Small bowel adenocarcinoma has risk factors similar to those of colorectal adenocarcinoma but is rarer and less well understood. Diagnosis relies on advanced imaging techniques as well as endoscopy or enteroscopy for tissue diagnosis. Aggressive biology and vague symptoms in early disease cause a majority of patients to present with late-stage disease. Adenocarcinomas with lymph node involvement should be treated with resection and systemic chemotherapy. In contrast, systemic chemotherapy alone should be employed in cases with distant metastases unless the primary tumor is bleeding, perforated, or causing a bowel obstruction. This review contains 4 figures, 5 tables and 17 references Key words: adenocarcinoma, chemotherapy, enteroscopy, hereditary syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, lymph node, mesentery, small bowel

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Small Intestine: Adenocarcinoma

10.2310/cgso.16092 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Joel M Baumgartner ◽

Sudeep Banerjee ◽

Jason K Sicklick

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Small Bowel ◽

Systemic Chemotherapy ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma ◽

Stage Disease ◽

Node Involvement ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Canine Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098587801500503 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 600-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

A. K. Patnaik ◽

A. I. Hurvitz ◽

G. F. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Distant Metastases ◽

Gastric Epithelium ◽

Intestinal Type ◽

Diffuse Type ◽

Regional Lymph Nodes ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Desmoplastic Reaction ◽

Glandular Structures ◽

Metastatic Sites ◽

Male To Female

In a retrospective study of 26 gastric adenocarcinomas of the dog, 17 were found to have histologic features of the diffuse type and nine of the intestinal type similar to those of the same tumor in man. The intestinal type was characterized by distinct glandular structures lined with well polarized cells at the primary and metastatic sites and mild desmoplastic reaction. Three subtypes with distinct histologic features (papillary, five; acinar, three; solid, one) were recognized in this group. Fourteen of the diffuse adenocarcinomas were characterized by random infiltration by neoplastic cells, singly or in clusters, often with signet ring cells and severe desmoplastic reaction. The remaining three diffuse adenocarcinomas also had recognizable acinar structures and were considered to be glandular subtypes of the diffuse type. In eight dogs there was a 7:1 male to female ratio for dogs with the intestinal type and in 16 dogs a 2:1 male to female ratio for dogs with the diffuse type. Two of the nine intestinal type of adenocarcinomas, but none of the diffuse tumors, had intraluminal growths. Metaplasia of gastric epithelium was seen in nearly half the tumors; this was more common in the intestinal type (six of nine). Different degrees of carcinomatosis were seen in 24 of 26 dogs. Regional lymph nodes were involved in the 20 dogs whose nodes were available for examination. Distant metastases were seen in 19 of 26 dogs; liver, lungs and adrenal glands were the most common sites. Various degrees of lymphoid cell infiltration, suggesting the antigenic quality of the neoplasms, were seen in 15 dogs. Additional neoplasms were seen in eight dogs.

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Impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT on the staging of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202237 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 2023

Author(s):

Ngo Minh Xuan ◽

Huynh Quang Huy

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Large Cell ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Node Involvement ◽

Group 3

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80% of new diagnoses of pulmonary carcinoma. This study investigated the correlation between 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in computerized tomography integrated positron emission tomography and tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis in patients with NSCLC.Methods: The records of 318 NSCLC patients (220 male, 98 females; mean age 60.94 years) were evaluated retrospectively.Results: 278 cases were adenocarcinomas; 28 squamous cell carcinomas; and 12 large cell carcinoma. When the cases were categorized according to tumor size (group 1, ≤3 cm; group 2, >3 and ≤5 cm; group 3, >5 cm), the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was significantly lower in groups 1 and 2 compared with group 3 (p<0,001 for each). Considering all cases, tumor SUVmax was not correlated with age, gender or histopathological type. Lymph node metastases were seen in 250 cases: 80.2% of these were adenocarcinomas, 71.4% squamous cell carcinomas, and 58.3% large cell carcinomas. Neither lymph node involvement nor distant metastases were correlated with tumor SUVmax, although lymph node size was positively correlated with lymph node SUVmax (r=0.758; p<0.001).Conclusions: SUVmax was significantly associated with tumor size, but not with distant metastases or lymph node involvement. Therefore, SUVmax on positron emission tomography is not predictive of the presence of metastases.

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Survival improvement and prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of the SEER database

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08904-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jingli Ding ◽

Zhili Wen

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Lymph Node ◽

The United States ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Seer Database ◽

Old Patients ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Node Involvement ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidences have been increasing in the United States. This study aimed to examine temporal trend of HCC survival and determine prognostic factors influencing HCC survival within the U.S. population. Methods The Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify patients diagnosed with primary HCC from 1988 to 2015. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prognostic factors and comparing survival between patients diagnosed at different periods (per 5-year interval). Results A total of 80,347 patients were included. The proportions of both young patients (< 45 years) and old patients (≥75 years) decreased over time (P < 0.001) and the male-to-female ratio increased over time (P < 0.001). Significant decreasing temporal trends were observed for HCC severity at diagnosis, including SEER stage, tumor size, tumor extent, and lymph node involvement (P < 0.001 for all). OS and DSS of patients with HCC improved over time (P < 0.001). After adjusting for patient and tumor characteristics and treatment difference, period of diagnosis retained an independent factor for improved DSS and its prognostic significance was evident for localized and regional HCC (P < 0.001), but not for distant HCC. On multivariate analyses, young age, female gender, Hispanic ethnicity, and married status were predictors favoring DSS, whereas a worse DSS was observed for patients with tumor > 5 cm, with vascular invasion, and with lymph node involvement. Patients treated with liver-directed therapy (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.35–0.56), hepatic resection (HR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.33–0.37), and transplantation (HR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.13–0.15) had significantly longer DSS compared with those who received no surgery. In stratified analyses, the beneficial effects of surgical approach, regardless therapy type, were significant across all stages. Conclusions Our results indicate a significant improvement in survival for HCC patients from 1988 to 2015, which may be attributable to advances in early diagnosis and therapeutic approaches.

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Retropharyngeal Lymph Node Involvement in Oropharyngeal Carcinoma: Impact upon Risk of Distant Metastases and Survival Outcomes

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers12010083 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Zsuzsanna Iyizoba-Ebozue ◽

Louise J. Murray ◽

Moses Arunsingh ◽

Karen E. Dyker ◽

Sriram Vaidyanathan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Concurrent Chemotherapy ◽

Oropharyngeal Carcinoma ◽

Retropharyngeal Lymph Node ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Node Involvement ◽

Fdg Pet Ct ◽

The Impact

The influence of retropharyngeal lymph node (RPLN) involvement on prognosis in oropharyngeal carcinoma remains poorly defined. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of RPLN involvement upon outcomes. A single-centre retrospective analysis of 402 patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma treated nonsurgically between 2010 and 2017 was performed. All had a baseline 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) PET-CT and contrast-enhanced MRI and/or CT. RPLN status was determined by radiology review of cases with reported abnormal RPLN. Multivariate backwards logistic regression was used to examine impact on outcomes of factors. Abnormal RPLNs were identified in 40/402 (10%) of patients. Median follow up was 42.9 months. RPLN involvement was associated with inferior 3 year outcomes for overall survival (OS) (67.1% vs. 79.1%, p = 0.006) and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) (73.9% versus 88.0%, p = 0.011), with no significant difference in local control (81.6% vs. 87.7%, p = 0.154) or regional control (80.7% vs. 85.4%, p = 0.252). On multivariate analysis abnormal RPLN, no concurrent chemotherapy and ongoing smoking were associated with inferior DMFS and OS, while advanced T stage was also associated with inferior OS. In summary, RPLN involvement, present in 10% of patients, was an independent prognostic factor for the development of distant disease failure translating into inferior OS. These findings need confirmation in future studies.

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Changing trends of incidence and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/a-0859-7454 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (02) ◽

pp. 86-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jamshid Farahati ◽

Uwe Mäder ◽

Elena Gilman ◽

Rainer Görges ◽

Ines Maric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Tumor Stage ◽

Lymph Node Involvement ◽

Population Based ◽

Management Algorithm ◽

Node Involvement ◽

T1 And T2 ◽

Lower Franconia

Abstract Aim to evaluate the time trend of epidemiology of follicular cell derived thyroid cancer (TC) based on data from a well documented cancer registry. Methods Population based data on TC from Lower Franconia (LF), Germany, within 1981 and 2015 were analysed to estimate the regional epidemiology of TC. The incidence was assessed in 5-year-intervals for gender, histology, and tumor stage. Results Incidence of TC solely attributable to papillary TC (PTC) doubled mainly in T1- and T2-stages within the evaluation period from 4.5 to 8.7/100.000/y in females and 1.7 to 4.1/100.000/y in males. There was no significant change of follicular TC (FTC), whereas anaplastic TC (ATC) decreased in the same interval. The number of lymph-node metastases and T3-cases increased, while the frequency of T4-stage and distant metastases decreased. Increased incidences of T1- and T2-stages suggest an over-diagnosis. In contrast, increasing number of tumors at T3-stage and with lymph node involvement contradict the over-diagnosis as the only reason for rising incidence. Declining of T4-stages in spite of increasing of T3-stages and N1-cases indicates the value of timely detection and treatment of TC. In accordance, reduced incidence of advanced cancers with M1-stage and ATC cases promote our current management of TC. Conclusion Timely diagnosis and adequate risk-adopted treatment of thyroid cancer reduce the frequency of high-risk cases with distant metastases and the possible protracted dedifferentiation of TC to anaplastic features. Our analyses support the management algorithm in thyroid cancer according to the recent guidelines of German Nuclear Medicine Society.

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