scholarly journals Consumption of industrialized food by infants attending child day care centers

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysa Helena de A. Toloni ◽  
Giovana Longo-Silva ◽  
Tulio Konstantyner ◽  
Jose Augusto de A. C. Taddei

Objective: To identify the age of introduction of petit suisse cheese and instant noodles in the diet of infants attending nurseries of public day care centers and to compare the nutritional composition of these foods with the healthy recommended diet (breast milk and salt meal) for this age, in order to estimate nutritional errors. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 366 children (from nine to 36 months old) who attended day care centers, whose mothers were interviewed about the age of introduction of those foods. The means of the nutrients indicated on the labels of the most consumed brands were considered. For the calculation of the percent composition of breast milk and salt meal, Tables of Food Composition were used. To assess the nutritional adequacy, we used the Dietary Reference Intakes by age group. The percentage of adequacy evaluation of the petit suisse cheese and the instant noodles nutritional compositions was made by comparing them with those of the human milk and the salt meal, respectively. Results: The petit suisse cheese and the instant noodles were consumed by 89.6 and 65.3% of the children in the first year of life. The percentages of adequacy for carbohydrates were more than twice and the percentages for sodium were 20 times higher than those found in the recommended foods. Conclusions: Both industrialized products are inappropriate for infants, emphasizing the need for adoption of norms that can inform health professionals, educators and parents about the risks of consumption.

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2514
Author(s):  
Isolda Maria Barros Torquato ◽  
Ana Gabriela Alves De Lima ◽  
Vinicius Lino De Souza Neto ◽  
Francisco De Assis Coutinho Pontes Júnior ◽  
Neusa Collet Collet ◽  
...  

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar o tipo de aleitamento materno e o período de desmame em crianças menores de 24 meses. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, do tipo transversal, com 137 crianças de 0 a 24 meses assistidas em creches públicas municipais. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica de recordatório de 24 horas cujos dados apresentados em tabelas se analisaram por estatística inferencial e empregaram-se os testes qui-quadrado de Pearson e o exato de Fisher. Resultados: a maioria (80; 58,4%) das crianças estava desmamada. Das que amamentavam, três (5,3%) estavam em aleitamento materno exclusivo; duas (3,5%), em aleitamento predominante; 17 (29,9%) e 35 (61,3%), em aleitamento complementar e misto, respectivamente. Das crianças desmamadas, 35 (43,7%) tiveram essa prática interrompida no primeiro semestre de vida. Conclusão: os resultados explicitam prevalência de desmame elevada a partir dos seis meses. Além disso, observaram-se tipos de amamentação inadequados evidenciando a necessidade de estratégias que minimizem o desmame precoce e a mortalidade em menores de dois anos. Descritores: Vigilância; Saúde da Criança; Aleitamento Materno; Desmame; Fatores de risco; Creches.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the type of breastfeeding and the weaning period in children younger than 24 months old. Method: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study with 137 children aged 0 to 24 months old assisted in public day-care centers. For the data collection, the 24-hour reminding technique was used, whose data presented in tables were analyzed by inferential statistics and Pearson's chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test were used. Results: most of the children (80; 58.4%) were weaned. Three of the breastfeeding mothers (5.3%) were exclusively breastfed; two (3.5%) were predominant breastfeeding; 17 (29.9%) and 35 (61.3%) were respectively in supplementary and mixed breastfeeding. Of the children weaned, 35 (43.7%) had this practice interrupted in the first semester of life. Conclusion: the results explain the prevalence of high weaning from six months. In addition, inadequate types of breastfeeding were observed, evidencing the need for strategies that minimize early weaning and mortality in children under two years old. Descriptors: Surveillance; Child Health; Breast Feeding; Weaning; Risk Factors; Child Day Care Centers.RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar el tipo de lactancia materna y el período de desmame en niños menores de 24 meses. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, del tipo transversal, con 137 niños de 0 a 24 meses asistidas en guarderías públicas municipales. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizó la técnica de recordatorio de 24 horas cuyos datos presentados en tablas se analizaron por estadística inferencial y se emplearon los tests chi-cuadrado de Pearson y el Exacto de Fisher. Resultados: la mayoría (80; 58,4%) de los niños estaban desmamados. De los que amamantaban, tres (5,3%) estaban en lactancia materna exclusiva; dos (3,5%), em lactancia predominante; 17 (29,9%) y 35 (61,3%), en lactancia complementar y mixta, respectivamente. De los niños desmamados, 35 (43,7%) tuvieron esa práctica interrumpida en el primer semestre de vida. Conclusión: los resultados muestran prevalencia de desmame elevada a partir de los seis meses. Además, se observaron tipos de lactancia inadecuados evidenciando la necesidad de estrategias que minimicen el desmame precoz y la mortalidad en menores de dos años. Descriptores: Vigilancia; Salud del niño; Lactancia Materna; Destete; Factores de Riesgo; Jardines de infantes.


Author(s):  
Isabelle Nogueira Leroux ◽  
Ana Paula Sacone da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Fernanda Pollo Paniz ◽  
Tatiana Pedron ◽  
Fernanda Junqueira Salles ◽  
...  

Lead, known as a metal with high neurotoxicity to children, cadmium, which is a carcinogenic and bioaccumulative contaminant, and arsenic, a class 1 carcinogenic according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, are toxic elements (TEs) whose relevant route of exposure may be diet. We determined the bio-accessible fraction of lead, cadmium, and arsenic from the diet of preschool children from two day care centers (DCC). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 64 one–four-year-old children from two DCCs where the 24-h duplicate diet samples were collected. The diet samples were analyzed by ICP-MS for lead, cadmium, and arsenic total concentrations (n = 64) and their bio-accessibility were analyzed for a subsample (n = 10). The dietary intake (DI) mean for lead, cadmium, and arsenic were 0.18 ± 0.11 µg kg−1 bw, 0.08 ± 0.04 µg kg−1 bw, and 0.61 ± 0.41 µg kg−1 bw, respectively. All DI calculated for TEs, considering total intake, were found lower than the tolerable limits (TL) (European Union, or World Health Organization, WHO, when applicable) except for one child’s Pb intake. Bio-accessibilities ranged between 0% to 93%, 0% to 103%, and 0% to 69%, for lead, cadmium, and arsenic, respectively. Although DI for TEs has been found lower than TL, these reference values have been recently decreased or withdrawn since it was for lead and arsenic whose TL were withdrawn by WHO.


Author(s):  
Isabelle Nogueira Leroux ◽  
Ana Paula Sacone da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Fernanda Pollo Paniz ◽  
Tatiana Pedron ◽  
Fernanda Junqueira Salles ◽  
...  

Lead, a metal with high neurotoxicity to children; cadmium, a carcinogenic and bioaccumulative contaminant and arsenic; a class 1 carcinogenic, are toxic elements (TEs) whose relevant route of exposure may be diet. We determined the bioaccessible fraction of lead, cadmium and arsenic from the diet of preschool children from 2 day care centers (DCC). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 64 1–4-year-old children from 2 DCCs, where the 24-hour duplicate diet samples were collected. The diet samples were analyzed by ICP-MS for lead, cadmium and arsenic total concentrations (n = 64) and their bioaccessibility were analyzed for a subsample (n = 10). The dietary intake (DI) mean for lead, cadmium and arsenic were 0.18 ± 0.11 µg kg−1bw, 0.08 ± 0.04 µg kg −1bw and 0.61 ± 0.41 µg kg−1bw, respectively. All DI calculated for TEs, considering total intake, were found lower than the tolerable limits (European Union, EU, or World Health Organization, WHO, when applicable), except for one child’s Pb intake. Bioaccessibilities ranged between 0–93%, 0–103% and 0–69%, for lead, cadmium and arsenic, respectively. Although DI for TEs has been found lower than TI, these reference values have been recently decreased or withdrawn, as it was the case for lead and arsenic, whose tolerable limits were withdrawn by WHO.


Author(s):  
Nidhi Sharma ◽  
Vineet Kaur Ahuja ◽  
Siriesha .

Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is one of the most significant causes of preventable childhood blindness. The present study was conducted among parents of pre-school children to study knowledge and practice regarding vitamin A intake and coverage of Vitamin A supplementation among them. Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in Patiala city of Punjab. Interview was conducted among parents of 275 preschool children going to various day care centers in Patiala. Results: It was found in this study that 56.7% had knowledge regarding Vitamin A supplementation. Less than half of the parents knew about vitamin A rich foodstuffs. Conclusions: From the present study we can conclude that there is a wide gap regarding knowledge and coverage about vitamin A supplementation. Doctors and books were main sources of information. 


Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2403
Author(s):  
José Miguel Martínez-Sanz ◽  
Susana Menal-Puey ◽  
Isabel Sospedra ◽  
Giuseppe Russolillo ◽  
Aurora Norte ◽  
...  

Food exchange lists have been widely used in dietary practice in health and disease situations, but there are still no exchange lists for sports foods. The aim of this study was to apply a previous published methodology to design food exchange lists to the development of a sports food exchange list, with sport products available in Spain. A cross-sectional study of the nutritional composition of sports foods, regarding macronutrients and energy, was carried out. A total of 322 sports foods from 18 companies were selected, taking into account their interest in sports practice and with nutritional data provided by companies. Sports foods were divided into seven groups: sports drinks; sports gels; sports bars; sports confectionery; protein powders; protein bars; and liquid meals. A sports food composition database based on portion size usually consumed by athletes and/or recommended in commercial packaging was created. Within each sports foods group, different subgroups were defined due to differences in the main and/or secondary macronutrient. The definition of each exchange list with the amounts—in grams—of each sports food within each group and subgroup, was done using statistical criteria such as mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and Z value. Final exchange values for energy and macronutrient have been established for each group and subgroup using a methodology to design food exchange lists previously published by the authors. In addition, those products with high Z values that can provide greater variability in dietary planning were included. The usefulness of sport foods lists as well as the use of an exchange system in the dietary practice of sports nutrition is discussed, and examples of how to use them with athletes are presented. This first sport foods exchange list showed in this study, with commercial sports products available in Spain, can be a novel tool for dietetic practice and also can allow sport nutrition professionals to develop another sport food list using the methodology described in this paper. Its management would allow dietitians to adapt dietary plans more precisely to the training and/or competition of the athlete.


2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovana LONGO-SILVA ◽  
Maysa Helena de Aguiar TOLONI ◽  
Risia Cristina Egito de MENEZES ◽  
Leiko ASAKURA ◽  
Maria Alice Araújo OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  

Objective: To identify the age at which ultra-processed foods are introduced in the diet of infants enrolled in public daycare centers and analyze these foods' nutritional composition according to the Traffic Light Labelling system adapted to the Brazilian norms and recommendations.Methods: Cross-sectional study including 636 nursery age children attending day care centers. Their mothers were interviewed about the age of introduction of instant noodles, snack chips, encased meat, chocolate, ice cream, and stuffed cookies. The proximate composition of these foods was evaluated according to the Traffic Light Labelling adapted to the Brazilian norms and recommendations, which classifies total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, fiber, and sodium amounts as green, yellow, or red indicators.Results: It was found that before 12 months of age 70.6% of children had consumed instant noodles, 65.9% snack chips, 54.7% encased meat, 67.1% chocolate, 36.9% ice cream, and 68.7% stuffed cookies. In addition, all foods were classified as red for saturated fat and sodium and 50.0% were classified as red for total fat.Conclusion: The introduction of ultra-processed foods in the children's diets occurred early, but it is worth mentioning that such foods have an inadequate nutritional composition, contributing to the excess consumption of total fat, saturated fat, and sodium, as well as low fiber.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e90585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terhi Tapiainen ◽  
Niko Paalanne ◽  
Tuula Arkkola ◽  
Marjo Renko ◽  
Tytti Pokka ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Siti Budiati Widyastuti ◽  
Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko ◽  
Agus Firmansyah

Background Working mothers with toddlers are often confusedwith the difficulties of caregiver substitutes. This leads to the con-cern about neglecting their toddlers. Day care centers are expectedto respond by substituting the absent mothers, in order for thechildren’s needs of growth and development to become optimal.Objective To examine the profile of day care centers in correla-tion with growth and development of toddlers, and to understandthe characteristics of facilities for growth and development in tod-dlers at day care centers.Method This cross-sectional study was conducted at the day carecenters (DCC) of the Department of Social Affairs of the Republicof Indonesia Harapan Ibu (HI) in Salemba, Central Jakarta andTeratai in Bekasi from February 1-August 1, 2004.Results There were 106 children enrolled in this study; 47 chil-dren in DCC HI and 59 in DCC Teratai, male:female ratio was 1:1,mostly at age 3.1-5 years. Growth status was measured accord-ing to body weight/age, body height/age, height circumference/age and found good, normal, and proper growth status in 85 chil-dren (80.2%), 48 children (45.3%), 102 children (96.2%), respec-tively. We found good nutritional status in 44 children (41.5%) andnormal developmental status (Denver II) in 81 children (76.4%).Ratio of caregivers to child was 1:10. All children had completeimmunization. No trauma or upper respiratory tract infection wasrecorded as frequent morbidity. Parents’ reasons for relying theirchildren in DCCs were to enable their children to socialize (50children/47.2%), and to allow them to become independent (49children/46.2%).Conclusion DCCs can serve as a safe alternative caregiving sub-stitute based on good growth and development, good nutritionalstatus, also good characteristics facilities


2012 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Gabriela Nascimento ◽  
Janaína Paula Costa da Silva ◽  
Ciro João Bertoli ◽  
Luiz Carlos Abreu ◽  
Vitor Engrácia Valenti ◽  
...  

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Brazil is undergoing a period of epidemiological transition associated with demographic and nutritional changes. The prevalence of obesity is also increasing in children and is causing numerous health problems that are becoming public health issues. The aim here was to evaluate the prevalence of overweight among children of two and three years of age. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in municipal day care centers in Taubaté, state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Weight and height measurements were made on 447 preschool children forming a probabilistic randomized sample. Their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Their nutritional status was classified using the World Health Organization reference cutoff points (2006). Their mean weight, height and BMI were compared according to their age and sex. RESULTS: The mean values for the final sample (n = 447) were as follows: mean age: 38.6 months (± 3.5) and Z scores for: weight/height (W/H): 0.50 (± 1.22); height/age: -0.03 (± 1.07); weight/age (W/A): 0.51 (± 1.23); and BMI: 0.51(± 1.23). The prevalence of overweight children (BMI > 1 z) was 28.86%, while the prevalence of underweight children (BMI < -2 z) was 0.89%. There were no differences in mean BMI among the two and three-year age groups (P = 0.66). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of overweight was observed in the sample of two and three-year-old children, with practically no malnutrition, thus showing that a significant nutritional transition may already be occurring, even in medium-sized cities of developing countries.


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