scholarly journals Factors influencing students' performance in a Brazilian dental school

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Tatiane da Silva ◽  
Maria de Fátima Nunes ◽  
Maria Goretti Queiroz ◽  
Cláudio R. Leles
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lower Performance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Educational Variables

Comprehensive assessment of students' academic performance plays an important role in educational planning. The aim of this study was to investigate variables that influence student's performance in a retrospective sample including all undergraduate students who entered in a Brazilian dental school, in a 20-year period between 1984 and 2003 (n=1182). Demographic and educational variables were used to predict performance in the overall curriculum and course groups. Cluster analysis (K-means algorithm) categorized students into groups of higher, moderate or lower performance. Clusters of overall performance showed external validity, demonstrated by Chi-square test and ANOVA. Lower performance groups had the smallest number of students in overall performance and course groups clusters, ranging from 11.8% (clinical courses) to 19.2% (basic courses). Students' performance was more satisfactory in dental and clinical courses, rather than basic and non-clinical courses (p<0.001). Better student's performance was predicted by lower time elapsed between completion of high school and dental school admission, female gender, better rank in admission test, class attendance rate and student workload hours in teaching, research and extension (R²=0.491). Findings give evidence about predictors of undergraduate students' performance and reinforce the need for curricular reformulation focused on with improvement of integration among courses.

scholarly journals Incidence of periodontal compromise in teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment: A clinical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
Ricardo Machado ◽  
Monique Muniz da Cunha ◽  
Daniel Comparin ◽  
Leopoldo Cosme-Silva ◽  
Eduardo Donato Eing Engelke Back ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status of teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and nine teeth were evaluated using probing depth tests at three vestibular and three palatine/lingual sites before the patients underwent treatment. Teeth that presented up to 3-mm probing depth were considered as healthy. Those that presented at least one site with probing depth >3 mm were considered periodontally compromised. The data were statistically analyzed by means of applying the Chi-square test, with a level of significance of 5%. Results: Of the total of 209 teeth evaluated, 40 (19.10%) presented periodontal compromise. There was statistically significant difference related to the compromised teeth of patients of the female gender (22.80%) compared with teeth of patients of the male gender (12.30%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Fewer than 20% of the teeth evaluated presented a periodontal compromise. Patients of the female gender presented a higher number of periodontally compromised teeth than patients of the male gender.

scholarly journals Sun protection behavior among adolescents: A comparative study conducted in 2008 and 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Miljkovic ◽  
Natasa Jovanovic-Ljeskovic
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Program Material ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Skin Phototype

Introduction. Adolescents should limit their exposure to sun and apply sun protection measures. The purpose of this study was to establish changes in adolescents` behavior regarding sun protection beetwen years 2008 and 2012, as well as to assess the impact of sex and skin phototype on behavior in order to suggest positive sun protection behavior practised in other countries and to improve educational program. Material and Methods. An original, tailor-made questionnaire (about the skin types, exposure to sun and the use of sunbed) was distributed among 16 and 17-year-old students in high school in Belgrade, Serbia to be fulfilled within the frame?work of the educational project in 2008 and 2012. Data were analyzed by the Pearson?s chi square test and logistic regression analyses. Results. The total number of questionnaires completed in 2008 and in 2012 was 1138 and 583, respectively. In 2012, the students spent less time outdoors. According to the 2008 survey, the girls used more sun protection measures, but reported more sunburns and the use of sunbed than the boys. In 2012 more sun?burns were reported by the boys as well as the increased use of the sunglasses, wearing a hat/cap and staying in the shade. Conclusion. There were statistically significant changes in behavior of adolescents regarding exposure to sun between 2008 and 2012, and between male and female gender. It is recommended to organize regular educational interventions at schools which should emphasize the following: the importance of sun protection measures, limited sunbathing and outdoor physical activities as well.

scholarly journals Product Performance Satisfaction Level of Mutual Fund Investors

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Dr Basil John Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Fund Management ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Performance Satisfaction

Product performance satisfaction level can be referred to as the satisfaction level of mutual fund investors in terms of return, transparency, safety, liquidity, service quality, fund management and the overall performance of the mutual fund products. Here, the researcher attempted to analyze the satisfaction level of mutual fund investors concerning different funds/schemes opted by the investors. Based on these objectives seven parameters of satisfaction of mutual fund investors including the overall performance of the fund has been taken into consideration. The findings of the standardized regression weight of product performance satisfaction level and the Chi-square test reveals that there is a significant difference in the product performance satisfaction level of mutual fund investors about the funds opted by them (except in case of balanced-fund).

scholarly journals Internet Connectivity and Accessibility in University Libraries: A Study of Access, Use and Problems among Faculty of Natural Sciences Students, University of Jos, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Abubakar ◽  
Rhoda Diyoshak
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Internet Connectivity ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The University

Abstract Objective – This study has the objective of establishing whether the undergraduate students of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, have access to and use Internet facilities in the University library. Methods – A survey research design was adopted for this study and questionnaires were used in gathering data. Statistical methods used in the analysis include percentages, frequencies, and Chi-Square test for measuring the association of library visit and use of the Internet. Results – The analysis of the data and findings indicated that there is Internet connectivity in the library. The findings also revealed that few students (15.5%) use the computer and the Internet on a daily basis. The problems of slow Internet connection at peak periods and unsteady power supply were clearly identified. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that there is no association between the students’ library visits and their use of the Internet for most academic purposes, except for downloading articles. Conclusion – The presence of Internet connectivity in the library, does not translate to meaningful academic behaviour among the students. Therefore, sensitising and training of the students on Internet usage were recommended for better academic performance and life-long learning.

Changing Pattern of Intra-Alveolar Extraction in the Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel A. Adelusi
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Though changing patterns of tooth extraction have been reported in the literature which included the age, gender, tooth type and indications for extraction, there is still paucity of studies that have examined the variation and changes in the pattern of tooth extraction over a period of time in a given nation. We therefore accessed the pattern and indications of tooth loss in the patients who presented at oral surgery clinic for intra-alveolar tooth extraction over a twelve month period. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of adult patients tooth extraction between September 2015 and August 2016. Patients’ demographic and clinical data were collected with a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Variables were subjected to Pearson’s chi-square test and P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 240 adults age range between 18 to 75 years of age with mean age of 36.64 years were included in the analysis. Maxillary teeth (231) and mandibular teeth (326) were extracted in 203 and 263 patients respectively. Caries and its sequelae, 223(93%) were the predominant indication for tooth extractions. Lower second molar (25%), and upper third molar (20%) had the highest frequencies. More female (126, 52.5%) than male (114, 47.5%) had extraction done, the difference is however not statistically significant (X2 =1.67, P Value = 0.195) Conclusions: Dental caries and its sequelae are the most frequent cause of tooth extraction. Tooth extraction was more in Patients in the fourth decade as well as in the Female gender, even though the difference between male and female is not statistically significant. And there is increased in number of male who had extraction done compared to what obtained in the past decades. Left side of the mouth appeared to be more affected.

New Key-Dependent S-Box Generation Algorithm on AES

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Proteeti Das ◽  
Najmul Hoque Munshi ◽  
Subhasis Maitra
Keyword(s):  
Data Encryption ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Cryptographic Techniques ◽  
Low Charge

Aims: Cryptography means 'hidden secrets'. The primary purpose of cryptography is to protect network and data over a wireless communication channel. The cryptographic approach secures the data of a network from any internal or external attacks. Background: There are several kinds of cryptographic techniques that are Data Encryption Standard (DES), RSA (Rivest- Shamir- Adleman), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Blowfish, Twofish etc. Out of these algorithms, AES shows wide acceptance for its superiority in providing confidentiality to secret information. Another cause for extensive acceptance is, AES is simple, convenient to implement, low charge and higher security. Several changes have been proposed to modify in recent times by cryptographers and researchers all around the world. Objective: This research paper offers a new key-dependent s-box generation algorithm for AES. Methods: A list of irreducible polynomials of degree 8 is used to generate the s-box depending on the secret key to provide more invulnerable ciphertext in comparison to standard AES. This design of this proposed model is easy and convenient to implement than different dynamic s-box technology algorithm. Results : The metrics chosen for overall performance evaluation are Frequency Distribution, Chi-square Test, Avalanche Effect, and Strict Avalanche Criterion. Conclusion: The proposed algorithm satisfies the desired property of these metrics and provides better security in contrast to standard AES.

scholarly journals Clinical and demographic differences between voluntary and involuntary psychiatric admissions in a university hospital in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2347-2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tais Michele Minatogawa Chang ◽  
Luiz Kobuti Ferreira ◽  
Montezuma Pimenta Ferreira ◽  
Edson Shiguemi Hirata
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Psychiatric Admissions ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalizations ◽  
Admission Data ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Chi Square Test

To assess the frequency of involuntary psychiatric hospitalizations from 2001 to 2008 and to determine associated clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. Adult admission data were collected from a university hospital in Brazil. Hospitalizations were classified as voluntary (VH) or involuntary (IH). Groups were compared using chi-square test for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney test for continuous non-parametric variables. The relative risk of certain events was estimated by the odds ratio statistic. Of 2,289 admissions, 13.3% were IH. The proportion of IH increased from 2.5% to 21.2% during the eight year period. IH were more frequently associated with female gender, unmarried status, unemployment, and more than 9 years of schooling. Psychotic symptoms were more common among IH. There were no differences in age, duration of hospitalization, or rate of attendance at first appointment after hospital discharge. Understanding of the characteristics associated with IH is necessary to improve the treatment of psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and drug use among nursing staff professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelle Aparecida de Barros Junqueira ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
Lúcio Borges de Araújo ◽  
Maria Cristina de Moura Ferreira ◽  
Carla Denari Giuliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate possible relationships between drug abuse, symptoms suggestive of depression and gender in nursing team professionals. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted in a general hospital with 416 participants. Used questionnaire with sociodemographic information, ASSIST, AUDIT-C and PHQ-2 tests. Used Fisher's Exact Tests, Chi-Square Test, and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis. Results: The female gender presented decreased odds ratios for alcohol consumption in the binge pattern and use of marijuana; and double odds ratios for feelings of lack of interest and pleasure. Symptoms suggestive of depression presented potential risks for the use of sedatives. Conclusion: Drug abuse and symptoms of depression are associated and manifest differently, according to gender among nursing staff professionals. Implications for practice: Social and gender roles influence the mental health conditions of these professionals.

Nonattendance of adult otolaryngology patients for scheduled appointments

2006 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
A D Cohen ◽  
D M Kaplan ◽  
M Kraus ◽  
E Rubinshtein ◽  
D A Vardy
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Patient Scheduling ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Nonattendance for appointments is an impediment to otolaryngology patient care worldwide. In a previous study of children attending an otolaryngology clinic, we observed that attendance was determined by the waiting time for an appointment and the timing of the appointment within the day. However, the factors that affect nonattendance in adults have not been well studied.Objective: We aimed to investigate factors associated with nonattendance in adults visiting an otolaryngology clinic.Methods: Nonattendance was observed for a period of one year in adult patients visiting an ambulatory otolaryngology clinic. The following parameters were also noted: age, gender, treating physician, waiting time and timing of the appointment. The chi-square test was used to analyse differences between categorical variables. The t-test was used to analyse differences between continuous variables. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analyses.Results: The study assessed 8071 visits to the otolaryngology clinic. The overall proportion of nonattendance was 27.7 per cent. A multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that nonattendance was significantly associated with the following factors: female gender, younger age, long waiting time for an appointment, timing of the appointment within the day and the treating physician.Conclusion: In adult otolaryngology patients, nonattendance was associated with patient-related factors and healthcare systems related factors alike. It is suggested that managed overbooking could be carefully introduced into otolaryngology patient scheduling.

scholarly journals ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL, MARIJUANA, AND COCAINE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS FROM RIBEIRÃO PRETO - BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline de Souza ◽  
Hayley Hamilton ◽  
Maria da Gloria Miotto Wright
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine use, abuse, and dependence, and to identify the association between the use of these substances and the academic performance of undergraduate students. Method: a cross-sectional study with 275 undergraduate students from health and humanities courses at a university in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. The instruments used were the Questionnaire for Screening the Use of Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substances and the student’s self-report on their performance considering a scale from zero to 10. For analysis, Fisher’s Exact Test and Pearson’s Chi-square test were used. Results: the pattern of alcohol and cocaine use in the sample studied was similar to the national average; however the prevalence of marijuana abuse was higher than the average. The use of marijuana was associated with the students’ academic performance in this study. Conclusion: the same association between abuse of and dependence on marijuana was not identified in the sample studied.

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