scholarly journals Evaluation of morphological characteristics in Venezuelan maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under drought stress

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Camacho ◽  
D.F. Caraballo
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Production

A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the responses among 10 maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under drought stress. Seeds were planted in washed sand in plastic pots. The research was established in a completely random design with ten treatments and three replicate pots. The plants were harvested four weeks after sowning, and leaf area per plant (LA), root volume (RV), longest root length (LRL), plant height (PH), fresh (RFW) and dry weight (ROW) of roots, shoot dry weight (SOW), RDW/SDW ratio, and total dry matter production (TDM) were determined. Significant varietal differences for all characters were found, except for LRL. The data obtained allowed to identify Cargill-163 as a poor genotype at low water supply. Danac-3006, FM-6, Sefloarca-91, Ceniap PB-8, and Tocorón-300 hybrids showed the best behaviour in terms of RDW/SDW ratio and root volume. On the other hand, root dry weight was identified as the best indicator and easiest characteristic to determine the drought-tolerance of maize plant.

Grain yield and flowering of some introduced grain legumes in South Australia

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (75) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Silsbury
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Lathyrus Cicera ◽  
Genotype A

Data are presented for time of flowering, total shoot dry weight and grain yield of White Brunswick pea (Pisum sativum), six introduced peas and one introduction each of Lathyrus sativus and Lathyrus cicera from ten plot experiments conducted in South Australia over the period 1955-1 960.None of the introduced legumes flowered earlier than White Brunswick peas and only one, possibly, has a greater capacity for higher grain yield. L. cicera on the other hand gave 25 per cent greater yield over all sites and seasons with an average of 2.84 tonne ha-1.The ratio between grain yield and total shoot dry weight varied with genotype and between seasons with a genotype. A low ratio was not always associated with low dry matter production.

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON RATE AND DURATION OF KERNEL DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF MAIZE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TOLLENAAR ◽  
T. W. BRUULSEMA
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Linear Kernel ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Kernel Growth

The response of rate and duration of kernel dry matter accumulation to temperatures in the range 10–25 °C was studied for two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under controlled-environment conditions. Kernel growth rates during the period of linear kernel growth increased linearly with temperature (b = 0.3 mg kernel−1 d−1 °C−1). Kernel dry weight at physiological maturity varied little among temperature treatments because the increase in kernel growth rate with increase in temperature was associated with a decline in the duration of kernel growth proportional to the increase in kernel growth rate.Key words: Zea mays L, period of linear kernel dry matter accumulation, controlled-environment conditions, kernel growth rate

scholarly journals Aluminum in corn plants: influence on growth and morpho-anatomy of root and leaf

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelli Fernandes Batista ◽  
Ismar Sebastião Moscheta ◽  
Carlos Moacir Bonato ◽  
Marcelo Augusto Batista ◽  
Odair José Garcia de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Corn Plants

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the most limiting factors for productivity. This research was carried out to assess the influence of Al nutrient solution on plant height, dry weight and morphoanatomical alterations in corn (Zea mays L.) roots and leaves. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with five treatments consisting of Al doses (0, 25, 75, 150, and 300 µmol L-1) and six replications. The solutions were constantly aerated, and the pH was initially adjusted to 4.3. The shoot dry matter, root dry matter and plant height decreased significantly with increasing Al concentrations. Compared to the control plants, it was observed that the root growth of corn plants in Al solutions was inhibited, there were fewer lateral roots and the development of the root system reduced. The leaf anatomy of plants grown in solutions containing 75 and 300 µmol L-1 Al differed in few aspects from the control plants. The leaf sheaths of the plants exposed to Al had a uniseriate epidermis coated with a thin cuticle layer, and the cells of both the epidermis and the cortex were less developed. In the vascular bundle, the metaxylem and protoxylem had no secondary walls, and the diameter of both was much smaller than of the control plants.

scholarly journals Effect of Upright Leaves on Dry Matter Production and Grain Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.)

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-540
Author(s):  
Joji ARIHARA ◽  
Fumio IWATA ◽  
Kazuyuki WATANABE
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production

Volunteer wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) competition in corn (Zea mays L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-924
Author(s):  
G.C. Wilson ◽  
N. Soltani ◽  
C.J. Swanton ◽  
F.J. Tardif ◽  
D.E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Volunteer winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a sporadic weed found in corn (Zea mays L.) fields across southern Ontario. Eight trials were conducted over a 2-yr period (2006 and 2007) at four locations to determine the competitiveness of volunteer winter wheat in corn. A soft red winter wheat cultivar (Pioneer 25R47) was seeded at each location at densities of 0 to 30 seeds m-2 late in the fall, prior to corn planting the following spring. Volunteer wheat competition in corn resulted in reduced emergence of corn leaf collars. Competition with volunteer wheat resulted in a 5% decrease in corn leaf collars present at 21 and 70 d after emergence with volunteer wheat densities of 3.0 and 5.2 plants m-2, respectively. Furthermore, volunteer wheat competition reduced total leaf area, leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, plant and ear height and yield by 5% with densities of 5.1 to 6.0 plants m-2 compared with the weed-free control. The level of competitiveness was dependent on the density of volunteer wheat.

Vernalization Requirements for Flowering of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Vegetative Shoot ◽  
Aegilops Cylindrica ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Jointed Goatgrass ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Growing Conditions

Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host. ♯3 AEGCY) has a quantitative requirement for vernalization in order to flower. In greenhouse and field studies, increasing periods of vernalization progressively reduced the number of days needed for plants to mature following transfer from the cold treatment to favorable growing conditions. Plants that had been vernalized at 3 ± 2 C for 8 weeks as imbibed seed took 120 days to flower following transfer to the greenhouse. Unvernalized controls flowered 197 to 222 days after planting in the greenhouse. Lengthening periods of vernalization from 2 to 8 weeks increased the number of seedheads per plant and dry weight per seedhead. Vernalized plants partitioned more dry matter into seedheads than unvernalized controls. The ratio of seedhead dry weight to vegetative shoot dry weight increased with duration of vernalization, even though vernalization did not alter total shoot dry-matter production. In field studies, plants that were established in the fall flowered sooner and more synchronously after resumption of growth in the spring than those that were planted in the spring and flowered in the summer. Plants seeded after May failed to flower in the same summer.

scholarly journals Effect of Bradyrhizobium Inoculation on Nodulation, Biomass Production and Yield of Mungbean

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
M Asadul Haque Bhuiyan ◽  
Mosharraf Hossain Mian
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Shoot Weight

Experiments with or without Bradyrhizobium was carried out with five mungbean varieties at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm during kharif-I 2001 and kharif-I 2002 seasons to observe nodulation, biomass production and yield of mungbean. Significant influences of the mungbean varieties were observed on nodulation, biomass production and yield. BARI Mung-2 produced the highest nodule number, nodule weight, shoot weight, seed yield (1.03 t/ha in 2001 and 0.78 t/ha in 2002) and stover yield (2.24 t/ha in 2001 and 2.01 t/ha in 2002). Application of Bradyrhizobium inoculant produced significant effect on nodulation, shoot dry weight, seed and stover yields in both trials conducted in two consecutive years. Seed inoculation significantly increased seed (0.98 t/ha in 2001, 27% increase over control and 0.75 t/ha in 2002, 29% increase over control) and stover (2.31 t/ha in 2001 and 2.04 t/ha in 2002) yields of mungbean. Inoculated BARI Mung-2 produced the highest nodulation, dry matter production, seed and stover yields. Considering nodulation, biomass production and seed and yields, BARI Mung-2 was found as the best variety among the five. BARI Mung-5 produced the second highest seed yield followed by BARI Mung-4 and BINA Mung-2, and the lowest seed yield was observed in Barisal local. Keywords: Mungbean, Nodulation, Bradyrhizobium DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i2.1251 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 2, December 2007, pp 95-99

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document