Laser-induced fluorescence of organic matter from a Brazilian Oxisol under sewage-sludge applications

The mineralisation of organic matter (OM) when sewage sludge was used as amendment in 70 contrasting agricultural soils from Spain was analysed. Soils received a single dose of sewage sludge (equivalent to 50t dry weight ha-1) and the O2 consumption was continuously monitored for 30 days using a multiple sensor respirometer in a laboratory experiment. The cumulative O2 consumption and rates after 8 and 30 days of incubation (O2 cum 8d, 30d and O2 rate 8d, 30d), the respiratory quotient (RQ), the maximum O2 rates over the incubation period (O2 max) and time from the beginning of the incubation when O2 max occurred (Tmax), were determined in both amended and non-amended soils. Sewage sludge application resulted in increased values for O2 max, O2 rate 8d, and O2 cum 30d. Differences were minor for Tmax, RQ 8d and O2 rate 30d. A considerable amount of the initial OM applied was mineralised during the first 8 days. Organic matter decomposition (as expressed by O2 cum 30d) was favoured in soils with high values of pH, carbonates, soil organic carbon and low values of amorphous Mn. Soils with these characteristics may potentially lose soil C after sewage sludge application.

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Evolution of organic matter fractions after application of co-compost of sewage sludge with pruning waste to four Mediterranean agricultural soils. A soil microcosm experiment

Waste Management ◽

10.1016/j.wasman.2010.04.030 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 30 (10) ◽

pp. 1957-1965 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

A.L. Pérez-Lomas ◽

G. Delgado ◽

J. Párraga ◽

R. Delgado ◽

G. Almendros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Soil Microcosm ◽

Microcosm Experiment ◽

Organic Matter Fractions ◽

Soil Microcosm Experiment

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Nutritional status and physiological parameters of maize cultivated with sewage sludge

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-7054202044029919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

Author(s):

Rodrigo Santos Moreira ◽

Guilherme Henrique Expedito Lense ◽

Leonardo Ferreira Fávero ◽

Benedito Majela de Oliveira Junior ◽

Ronaldo Luiz Mincato

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Defense Mechanism ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Stomatal Conductivity

ABSTRACT The use of sewage sludge as a source of nutrients and organic matter for agricultural soils is a well-established practice. However, few reports highlight the effect of the nutrients and potentially toxic elements provided by organic wastes application on the plant physiological parameters, such as photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductivity. We performed a greenhouse experiment with maize exposed to a dystrophic red Latosol amended with mineral fertilizer and different rates of sewage sludge with the following objectives: i) assess the nutrients and metal uptake translocation and distribution in plants and ii) evaluate the relationship between plant physiological parameters and yield indicators under the study conditions. The application of sewage sludge increased the soil organic matter, pH, and the amounts of available Ca, S, and Mg, comparing to the mineral fertilizer treatment. The plants promote a higher translocation of macronutrients to the shoots in the sewage sludge treatments, which results in higher photosynthetic activity, stomatal conductivity, and maize yield parameters. Moreover, the trace elements, which can cause toxicity in small concentrations, were founded mainly in the roots, which indicates a plant defense mechanism.

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Characterization of sewage sludge generated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and perspectives for agricultural recycling

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2433 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2433 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alan Henrique Marques de Abreu ◽

Paulo Sérgio Dos Santos Leles ◽

Jorge Makhlouta Alonso ◽

Elton Luis Da Silva Abel ◽

Ricardo Rodrigues de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

The State ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Potential Demand ◽

Janeiro State

Sanitary sewage collection and treatment is a serious environmental problem in Brazilian cities, as well as the destination of solid waste resulting from this process, i.e. the sewage sludge, a substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which is normally discarded in landfills. The aim of this study was to characterize the sewage sludge generated in four treatment stations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and check if they meet the legal criteria of the National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution No. 375/2006. It also focused on analyzing the perspectives for its agricultural recycling based on the potential demand for main agricultural crops grown in Rio de Janeiro State. Samples from eight sewage sludge lots from four treatment stations located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed. These stations receive and treat only domestic sewage by activated sludge system. For chemical and biological characterization of these lots, representative samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. In order to analyze the perspectives of agricultural recycling of sewage sludge in Rio de Janeiro State, 10 crops with the largest cultivated area in the state were surveyed and analyzed which of them are apt to receive sewage sludge as fertilizer and/or soil amendment. To determine the potential demand for sewage sludge in agriculture, the area occupied by these crops were multiplied by each fertilizer recommendation considering the sewage sludge as fertilizer. The analyzed sludge presented a high content of nutrients and organic matter and was included in the parameters of heavy metals, pathogenic agents, and bacteriological indicators stipulated by CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. The agricultural panorama of Rio de Janeiro State is favorable for agricultural recycling of sewage sludge since there is a great potential demand for this residue and, among the 10 agricultural crops with the largest cultivated area in the state, sludge can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment in eight of them. The implementation of a State Sewage Sludge Recycling Program could dispose of this material in a more sustainable way, as well as improve the quality of agricultural soils and reduce costs with chemical fertilizers, bringing positive results for sanitation companies and producers.

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Compost and Sewage Sludge for the Improvement of Soil Chemical and Biological Quality of Mediterranean Agroecosystems

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13010026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Enrica Picariello ◽

Luca Pucci ◽

Maurizio Carotenuto ◽

Giovanni Libralato ◽

Giusy Lofrano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Biological Quality

Conventional fertilization practices in agroecosystems concern the supply of bioavailable nutrients, such as mineral fertilizers. A consolidated alternative to restoring the long-term fertility of agricultural soils is their amendment with organic fertilizers. Soil amendment with biowaste compost or sewage sludge represents a sustainable strategy to avoid the landfilling of organic matter derived from urban waste and sewage sludge. This study aims at validating the use of quality biowaste compost and sewage sludge from secondary sedimentation (alone or in combination with mineral fertilizers) in a Mediterranean agroecosystem and their effects on soil chemical and biological quality, with a view to verifying the maintenance of soil fertility and functionality. In particular, the dynamics of soil organic matter, pH, potentially toxic elements and microbial community functionality were assessed, in experimental mesocosms, during 6 months of incubation. The research showed that, while soil amendment with biowaste compost induces positive effects on soil organic matter and phosphorous concentrations, as well as on microbial community functionality, the amendment with the selected sewage sludge does not determine any benefit to the microbial community or any danger in relation to soil potentially toxic element concentrations and toxicity. The quantity of sewage sludge employed, chosen according to regional directives, was thus not enough to stimulate the edaphic microflora activity.

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Characterization of sewage sludge generated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and perspectives for agricultural recycling

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2433 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2433

Author(s):

Alan Henrique Marques de Abreu ◽

Paulo Sérgio Dos Santos Leles ◽

Jorge Makhlouta Alonso ◽

Elton Luis Da Silva Abel ◽

Ricardo Rodrigues de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

The State ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Potential Demand ◽

Janeiro State

Sanitary sewage collection and treatment is a serious environmental problem in Brazilian cities, as well as the destination of solid waste resulting from this process, i.e. the sewage sludge, a substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which is normally discarded in landfills. The aim of this study was to characterize the sewage sludge generated in four treatment stations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and check if they meet the legal criteria of the National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution No. 375/2006. It also focused on analyzing the perspectives for its agricultural recycling based on the potential demand for main agricultural crops grown in Rio de Janeiro State. Samples from eight sewage sludge lots from four treatment stations located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed. These stations receive and treat only domestic sewage by activated sludge system. For chemical and biological characterization of these lots, representative samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. In order to analyze the perspectives of agricultural recycling of sewage sludge in Rio de Janeiro State, 10 crops with the largest cultivated area in the state were surveyed and analyzed which of them are apt to receive sewage sludge as fertilizer and/or soil amendment. To determine the potential demand for sewage sludge in agriculture, the area occupied by these crops were multiplied by each fertilizer recommendation considering the sewage sludge as fertilizer. The analyzed sludge presented a high content of nutrients and organic matter and was included in the parameters of heavy metals, pathogenic agents, and bacteriological indicators stipulated by CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. The agricultural panorama of Rio de Janeiro State is favorable for agricultural recycling of sewage sludge since there is a great potential demand for this residue and, among the 10 agricultural crops with the largest cultivated area in the state, sludge can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment in eight of them. The implementation of a State Sewage Sludge Recycling Program could dispose of this material in a more sustainable way, as well as improve the quality of agricultural soils and reduce costs with chemical fertilizers, bringing positive results for sanitation companies and producers.

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Sludge minimization by disintegration at different wastewater treatment plants

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2008.010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luchien Luning ◽

Paul Roeleveld ◽

Victor W.M. Claessen

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

New Technologies ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Biological Degradation ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Sludge Minimization

In recent years new technologies have been developed to improve the biological degradation of sewage sludge by anaerobic digestion. The paper describes the results of a demonstration of ultrasonic disintegration on the Dutch Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Land van Cuijk. The effect on the degradation of organic matter is presented, together with the effect on the dewatering characteristics. Recommendations are presented for establishing research conditions in which the effect of sludge disintegration can be determined in a more direct way that is less sensitive to changing conditions in the operation of the WWTP. These recommendations have been implemented in the ongoing research in the Netherlands supported by the National Institute for wastewater research (STOWA).

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Particle Size Effects on Concentration of Metals in Lake Erie Bottom Sediments

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1984.003 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 27-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Alena Mudroch

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Clay Minerals ◽

Surface Sediment ◽

Size Effects ◽

Lake Erie ◽

Size Fraction ◽

Mineralogical Composition ◽

Major Elements ◽

Sediment Samples

Abstract Surface sediment samples obtained at the offshore and nearshore area of Lake Erie were separated into eight different size fractions ranging from <2 µm to 250 µm. The concentration of major elements (Si, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Mn and P), metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, V, Co and Pb) and organic matter was determined together with the mineralogical composition and morphology of the particles in each size fraction. The distribution of the metals in the offshore sediment was bimodal with the majority of the metals divided between the 63 to 250 um size fraction which also contained the highest concentration of organic matter (about 20%) and the <4 µm fraction containing up to 60% of clay minerals. However, the metals in the nearshore sediment were associated mainly with the clay minerals.

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Distribution of Mercury in Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair River Sediments

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1989.002 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 1-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alena Mudroch ◽

K. Hill

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

River Sediments ◽

Size Fraction ◽

Mineralogical Composition ◽

Recent Sediment ◽

Geochemical Composition ◽

Visual Appearance ◽

Decaying Wood ◽

Relationship Of

Abstract Sediment cores were collected in Lake St. Clair in 1985 and in the St. Clair River in 1986 to investigate the horizontal and vertical distribution and association of Hg in the sediments. A layer of recent sediment up to about 35 cm thick was differentiated by the geochemical composition and visual appearance from the underlying glacial-lacustrine deposits. The concentration of Hg in the surficial sediments in Lake St. Clair was lower in 1985 (<0.025 to 1.200 µg/g) than that found in 1974 (<0.20 to 3.00 µg/g). Up to 8.30 µg/g of Hg were found in the sediments collected from the nearshore area at Sarnia, Ontario, in the St. Clair River in 1986. The concentrations of Hg ranged from 5.05 to 16.00 µg/g in different sand-sized fractions (0.063 to 0.350 mm) of the sediment. The concentration of Hg was 17.80 µg/g in the silt-clay size fraction (<0.063 mm). No relationship was found between the concentration of organic matter and Hg, and the concentration of silica and Hg in the St. Clair River sediments. The results indicated a relationship of Hg with particles of different mineralogical composition. Up to 3.72 µg/g Hg was found in the surface sediment in Chenal Ecarte. The greatest concentration of Hg (13.15 µg/g) existed in the 0.350 mm particle size fraction, which consisted mainly of small pieces of decaying wood. A good relationship was found between the concentration of Hg and organic matter in the sediment at this area.

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