scholarly journals Nasal septal pediculate carcinoma in situ: differential diagnosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 1216-1219
Author(s):  
Edmir Américo Lourenço ◽  
Luís Henrique Chechinato Costa
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Pediculated lesions of the nasal cavities are relatively common in daily practice, and include inflammatory polyps, benign tumors (papillomas being the most common), malignant tumors, and specific processes, such as polypoid rhinosporidiosis. The authors describe a female patient with a warty, pediculated, and asymptomatic lesion in the nasal septal mucosa. The anatomo-pathological exam showed this to be a"carcinoma in situ." The few bibliographic citations report only an association between the tumor and contact with wood dust, such as oak, ebony and beech. The patient was not exposed to these elements. It is important to emphasize the routine performance of a complete otolaryngological exam for patients seeking out specialists, in order to detect potentially malignant lesions whose early removal would permit a complete cure.

scholarly journals A novel decision tree model based on chromosome imbalances in cell-free DNA and CA-125 in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 172460082199235
Author(s):  
Weina Zhang ◽  
Yu-min Zhang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Shengmiao Zhang ◽  
Weixin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Copy Number Variations ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna

Objective: CA-125 is widely used as biomarker of ovarian cancer. However, CA-125 suffers low accuracy. We developed a hybrid analytical model, the Ovarian Cancer Decision Tree (OCDT), employing a two-layer decision tree, which considers genetic alteration information from cell-free DNA along with CA-125 value to distinguish malignant tumors from benign tumors. Methods: We consider major copy number alterations at whole chromosome and chromosome-arm level as the main feature of our detection model. Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with malignant tumors, 66 with borderline tumors, and 10 with benign tumors were enrolled. Results: Genetic analysis revealed significant arm-level imbalances in most malignant tumors, especially in high-grade serous cancers in which 12 chromosome arms with significant aneuploidy ( P<0.01) were identified, including 7 arms with significant gains and 5 with significant losses. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.8985 for copy number variations analysis, compared to 0.8751 of CA125. The OCDT was generated with a cancerous score (CScore) threshold of 5.18 for the first level, and a CA-125 value of 103.1 for the second level. Our most optimized OCDT model achieved an AUC of 0.975. Conclusions: The results suggested that genetic variations extracted from cfDNA can be combined with CA-125, and together improved the differential diagnosis of malignant from benign ovarian tumors. The model would aid in the pre-operative assessment of women with adnexal masses. Future clinical trials need to be conducted to further evaluate the value of CScore in clinical settings and search for the optimal threshold for malignancy detection.

Pagetoid Bowen Disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Williamson ◽  
Maria I. Colome ◽  
Aysegul Sahin ◽  
Alberto G. Ayala ◽  
L. Jeffrey Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Paget Disease ◽  
Melanoma In Situ ◽  
Bowen Disease ◽  
Hmb 45

Abstract Bowen disease is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma in situ. In some cases a pagetoid growth pattern can be observed with cytologically atypical clear cells arranged singly and in nests. The differential diagnosis of pagetoid Bowen disease includes primarily Paget disease and malignant melanoma in situ, as well as other less common entities. Two cases of pagetoid Bowen disease are described, one in a 65-year-old man with a thigh lesion and the other in a 25-year-old man with a lesion in the penile/scrotal region. Neither patient had clinical evidence of an internal malignant neoplasm. In both cases, the neoplastic cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK 19 and were negative for CK 18, CK 20, carcinoembryonic antigen, GCDFP-15, c-erbB2, S100, and HMB-45. In aggregate, these findings support the diagnosis of pagetoid Bowen disease. Previously, others have shown that CK 7 is an almost invariable marker of Paget disease. Thus, we report these two cases to illustrate that CK 7 can be expressed by pagetoid Bowen disease and should not be a cause of confusion in the differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Use of immunohistochemical analysis of CK5/6, CK14, and CK34betaE12 in the differential diagnosis of solid papillary carcinoma in situ from intraductal papilloma with usual ductal hyperplasia of the breast

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211881154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Maeda ◽  
Shinya Tajima ◽  
Yoshihide Kanemaki ◽  
Koichiro Tsugawa ◽  
Masayuki Takagi
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Intraductal Papilloma ◽  
Solid Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Usual Ductal Hyperplasia ◽  
Ductal Hyperplasia

Objectives: The aim of this study was to use immunohistochemistry to differentiate solid papillary carcinoma in situ from intraductal papilloma with usual ductal hyperplasia (IPUDH). Three types of high-molecular-weight cytokeratins (CKs) – CK5/6, CK14, and CK34betaE12 – were targeted. Methods: We studied 17 patients with solid papillary carcinoma in situ and 18 patients with IPUDH diagnosed by at least two pathologists. Immunohistochemical analyses used antibodies to CK5/6, CK14, and CK34betaE12 to make the differential diagnosis of solid papillary carcinoma in situ versus IPUDH. Immunohistochemical staining was scored as 0–5 using Allred score. Results: Immunohistochemistry with CK5/6 and CK14 antibodies produced scores of 0–3 in all patients with solid papillary carcinoma in situ and 2–5 in all patients with IPUDH. Immunohistochemical staining with CK34betaE12 antibody produced scores of 1–3 in all patients with solid papillary carcinoma and 3–5 in all patients with IPUDH. In tissues from patients with IPUDH, significantly more cells were stained with CK34betaE12 than CK5/6 ( p < 0.05) or CK14 ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: The immunoreactivity of CK5/6, CK14, and CK34betaE12 antibodies was useful to differentiate solid papillary carcinoma in situ from IPUDH. CK34betaE12 is especially useful for distinguishing solid papillary carcinoma from IPUDH.

Ensuring the most effective strategy for cancer treatment of patients with brain tumors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14000-e14000
Author(s):  
Elena A. Sheiko ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Eduard E. Rostorguev ◽  
Irina V. Kaplieva ◽  
Valeria A. Bandovkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors

e14000 Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the total activity of trypsin-like proteinases (TLPs) in the blood plasma in patients with brain tumors for the preoperative differential diagnosis of benign, primary and secondary malignant brain tumors. Methods: TLPs were measured in 164 patients with brain tumors. The blood had been collected from the patients in a standard plastic tube with 3.8% sodium citrate (9:1) 3 days prior to the surgery. Citrate blood was centrifuged; citrated plasma was obtained and used to determine the total TLP activity by the unified kinetic method. Results were compared with the data in donors. Results: TLP activity in 37 (22.6%) of 164 patients was within the normal range (258–402 IU/mL, on the average 333.0±27.1 IU/mL). Benign brain tumors (meningioma) were diagnosed in all 37 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 74 (45.1%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1158–1626 IU/mL (on the average 1331.0±102.4 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 3.8-5.3 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 4.4±0.3 times). Primary malignant brain tumors (glioblastoma) were diagnosed in all 74 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 53 (32.3%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1794–2868 IU/mL (on the average 2227.0±174.1 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 5.9-9.4 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 7.3±0.5 times). Secondary malignant brain tumors (metastases) were diagnosed in all 53 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. Conclusions: The specificity of the proposed method for the differential diagnosis of brain tumors was very high: for benign tumors - 97.2%, for primary malignant tumors - 98.6% and for secondary malignant tumors - 98.1%. So, TLP activity indices in the blood plasma are an informative auxiliary laboratory test that will help in clarifying and/or confirming the differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

Diagnostic approach using the expression profiling of the P53 tumor suppressor gene and its related proteins in ovarian epithelial tumors

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lee ◽  
G. Park ◽  
J. H. Jung ◽  
W. S. Ahn ◽  
J. M. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cyclin E ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Borderline Tumors ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Epithelial Tumors

The initial aim of this study was to examine the expression profiles of P53 and its upstream genes, downstream genes, and cell cycle regulators to determine whether these markers are useful for making a differential diagnosis among the benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors. Between borderline and malignant tumors, the increased expression levels of P53, Bax, Cyclin E, and cyclin-dependent kinase-2 as well as the decreased expression levels of growth arrest and DNA damage (GADD45) and murine double minute-2 (MDM2) were significantly associated with malignancy (P < 0.01, each). Using the receiver operating curve (ROC), the most reliable cutoff value of the added-up staining scores of those markers was 4.5 with 79% sensitivity and 89% specificity for malignancy. Between benign and borderline tumors, the P21 and Bax expression levels were significantly higher in borderline tumors, whereas the Bcl-2 expression level was much higher in benign tumors (P < 0.01, each). Using the ROC, the cutoff value of the added-up staining scores used to discriminate between the two groups was 2.5 with 70% sensitivity and 74% specificity for borderline tumors. Thus, for the differential diagnosis between borderline and malignant tumors, the cutoff value 4.5 of the cumulative staining scores can be used. However, the cutoff value 2.5 for discrimination between benign and borderline tumors may not be useful because of its relatively low sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the P53, GADD45, Cyclin E, and MDM2 expression levels in malignant ovarian tumors might be useful for determining the histologic grade and type.

scholarly journals The Pseudolesions of the Oral Mucosa: Differential Diagnosis and Related Systemic Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedora della Vella ◽  
Dorina Lauritano ◽  
Carlo Lajolo ◽  
Alberta Lucchese ◽  
Dario Di Stasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Tonsil ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Vallate Papillae ◽  
Black Hairy Tongue ◽  
Fissured Tongue

Pseudolesions are defined as physiological or paraphysiological changes of the oral normal anatomy that can easily be misdiagnosed for pathological conditions such as potentially malignant lesions, infective and immune diseases, or neoplasms. Pseudolesions do not require treatment and a surgical or pharmacological approach can constitute an overtreatment indeed. This review aims to describe the most common pseudolesions of oral soft tissues, their possible differential diagnosis and eventual related systemic diseases or syndromes. The pseudolesions frequently observed in clinical practice and reported in literature include Fordyce granules, leukoedema, geographic tongue, fissured tongue, sublingual varices, lingual fimbriae, vallate papillae, white and black hairy tongue, Steno’s duct hypertrophy, lingual tonsil, white sponge nevus, racial gingival pigmentation, lingual thyroid, and eruptive cyst. They could be misdiagnosed as oral potential malignant disorders, candidiasis, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-related affections, oral autoimmune diseases, or benign and malignant tumors. In some cases, pseudolesions feature in a syndromic panel, for example, fissured tongue in Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome. It is strictly fundamental for dentists to know and to distinguish oral pseudolesions from pathological conditions, in order to avoid overtreatment.

Immunohistochemistry as an adjunct in the differential diagnosis of radiation-induced atypia versus urothelial carcinoma in situ of the bladder: a study of 45 cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Oliva ◽  
Nathanael F. Pinheiro ◽  
Niall M. Heney ◽  
Donald S. Kaufman ◽  
William U. Shipley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals The Role of EUS in the Differential Diagnosis of Polypoid Lesions of the Gallbladder: Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Young Koog Cheon
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Recording Analysis ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Although most gallbladder (GB) polyps are benign, some early carcinomas of the GB share the same appearance as benign polyps. Currently, GB polyps larger than 1 cm should be surgically removed because of the increased risk of malignancy. Distinguishing between nonneoplastic, neoplastic, and potentially malignant lesions is a major diagnostic dilemma, and the therapeutic options for these lesions remain controversial. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is considered to be superior to conventional US for imaging GB lesions, because EUS can provide highresolution images of small lesions with higher ultrasound frequencies. However, differential diagnosis remains difficult, especially for small GB polyps. Thus, various diagnostic methods using EUS have been introduced to overcome difficulty for differential diagnosis between neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps. Contrastenhanced harmonic EUS is useful for observing microvascular patterns and additional enhancement images of GB polyps. This is needed a post-recording analysis due to a short enhancement time. Real-time color Doppler-EUS provides the Doppler flow of vessels without a time limit.

APPLICATION OF ELASTOGRAPHY FOR DIAGNOSIS BREAST TUMORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Huong Tran Thi Song ◽  
Yen Vo Thi Kim ◽  
Quan Nguyen Phuoc Bao
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
The Past ◽  
2D Ultrasound ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
A New Technique

Breast tumor is common in women. Benign tumors account for 80%, malignant tumors account for 20%. Breast cancer is the most common and deadly cancer among women, including Vietnam. Elastography, evaluates the stiffness of the tissue, helps to distinguish soft or hard tumors, which can help distinguish benign or malignant. Benign lesions tend to be softer than malignant lesions. There are two types of elastography: SE (Strain Elastography) and Shear Ware Elastography (SWE). In examining breast lesions, the maligne tumor tends to be stronger and the higher the velocity. Studies have shown that the SWE features should be combined with 2D ultrasound to complement the BIRADS classification. Elastography is a new technique that has emerged in the past few years, promising good diagnostic prospects, more and more research and application of elastography in diagnostics breast lesions. Breast elastogarphy, survey of hardness of breast cancer showed 4 times higher than that of benign tumor and 7 folds of normal breast tissue.

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