scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of children with phenylketonuria

1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Mara Fisberg ◽  
Maria Eugênia da Silva-Fernandes ◽  
Benjamim José Schmidt ◽  
Mauro Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Surveillance ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

CONTEXT: Dietary phenylalanine (PA) restriction is the most effective form for reducing its excess in the blood and is the only efficient method for treating phenylketonuria. The diet is complex and should be adapted to combine the patients' eating habits, growth and development. It depends basically on the use of industrialized products as substitutes free of PA for proteins that are not fully supplied. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional status of children with phenylketonuria (PKU) by anthropometric measurements and food intake. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Children with PKU attending the Association of Parents and Friends of Handicapped Children (Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais - APAE) and normal children attending at municipal day care centers in São Paulo. PARTICIPANTS: 42 children with PKU and 31 normal children aged 1 to 12 of both sexes were assessed in two groups, under and over 7 years of age. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Weight and height measurements. RESULTS: Children with PKU ingested calories, calcium, iron, zinc, and copper below the recommended values, whereas the protein intake was within the normal range. Food intake in the group of normal children was within normality rates. The height/weight Z-score means for children with PKU were 0.47 for those under 7 years and 1.86 for 7 year-olds and over; in normal children the means were 0.97 <7 years and 1.54 <FONT FACE="Symbol">³</FONT>7 years, with no statistically significant difference. The height/age Z-score means were significantly lower in the PKU children <7 years (-1.23) than in the normal controls (0.91). CONCLUSIONS: The data presented demonstrate the importance of nutritional surveillance in patients with PKU so as to support adequacy of nutrient intake and to guarantee growth within the relevant standards.

scholarly journals Perbedaan arus puncak ekspirasi antara anak asma dengan obesitas dan anak asma tanpa obesitas

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nurul Hadi ◽  
Madarina Julia ◽  
Roni Naning
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Flow Meter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Obesity in children is associated with impairment of pulmonary function and increased risk of asthma. Obesity in asthmatic children may reduce lung function, that can be assessed by peak flow meter, a practical and an inexpensive tool.Objectives: To compare the peak expiratory flow (PEF) between obese and non-obese asthmatic children.Method: We conducted a cross sectional study in Yogyakarta during March 2010-September 2012. Fifty obese asthmatic patients and 50 non obese asthmatic control subjects participated in this study. Inclusion criteria were asthmatic patient, according to Pedoman Nasional Asma Anak (PNAA), and 6-18 years of age. Exclusion criteria were asthmatic attack, respiratory disease, heart disease and congenital chest malformation. Obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI) for age more than +3 SD WHO growth chart standards BMI for age 2007 z-score. Z-score is calculated with WHO AnthroPlus for Personal Computers. Data PEF is taken with electrical peak flow meter when the patient was not suffering from asthma attack. Normal PEF was defined as PEF ≥80% average (predicted) value for height.Results: The mean of age of asthmatic children in this study was 9.38 years and 9.50 years for non obese and obese respectively. The PFR was not different between obese asthmatic children and non obese asthmatic children (p=0,83). Pearson correlation of PFR and z-score BMI for age was positive weak correlation (r=0.12). There was significant difference of PFR between z-score BMI for age <3,20 and z-score BMI for age ≥3.20 (p=0.03). Significant difference of PFR also appears in duration of illness (p<0.001).Conclusion: There is no PFR difference between obese asthmatic children and non-obese asthmatic children. The difference of PFR emerges when statistic analysis performed using z-score BMI ≥3.20.

scholarly journals Mid-upper arm circumference measurement for severe malnutrition screening in underfives

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Stephanie Adelia ◽  
Johannes Capistrano Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Background Severe malnutrition in Indonesia remains abundant. Severe malnutrition has been assessed by several methods, including mid–upper arm circumference (MUAC) and weight-for-height z-score (WHZ). As a screening method, MUAC is expected to be useful for identifying malnutrition in communities. Objective To determine whether MUAC measurements can be used for screening severe malnutrition at the community level in Indonesia. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in 853 children aged 6 – 59 months who came to an  integrated health service post (Posyandu) in Semarang, Central Java. Anthropometric measurements were performed by cadres and researchers and included MUAC and WHZ. Statistical analysis was done by McNemar test; results with P values >0.05 indicated no significant difference. Sensitivity and specificity were determined by 2 x 2 tables. The MUAC cut-off values were determined by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Eight hundred fifty-three out of 1,115 children met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 419 (49.1%) boys, with most over the age of 2 years (57.2%). Kappa test revealed good inter-rater reliability in measurements between the cadre and researchers (Kappa=0.726). There were significant differences between MUAC (by cadres) and below red line status as well as WHZ, between MUAC (by researchers) and WHZ, as well as MUAC (by cadre and researchers) with WHZ and height-for-age z-score/HAZ . Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of MUAC (by cadre) were 12.5%, 99.9%, 75%, and 97.5%, respectively, while those by the researchers were 16.7%, 99.6%, 57%, and 97.6%, respectively. In this study, MUAC of 14 cm was the best cut-off for severe malnutrition. Conclusion The MUAC measurement of 14 cm can be used for screening severe malnutrition in underfives at community.

scholarly journals Comparing Intelligence Quotient (IQ)among 3 to 7-year-old strabismic and nonstrabismic children in an Iranian population

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboubeh Ghaderpanah ◽  
Feraidoon Farrahi ◽  
Gholamreza Khataminia ◽  
Ahmad Jahanbakhshi ◽  
Leila Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ocular Deviation ◽  
The Mean

<p>This study was designed to compare the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) among 3 to 7-year-old strabismic and nonstrabismic children in an Iranian population.</p> <p>In this cross-sectional study, 108 preschool children with equal numbers of strabismic/non-strabismic disorder (age 3-7 years) were randomly selected from exceptional strabismus clinics of Ahvaz and were evaluated with the preschool and primary scale of intelligence versions of Wechsler (WPPSI).</p> <p>In the current study, 108 children were evaluated. In strabismic patients the mean performance, verbal and total IQ were 89.46±19.79 , 89.57±21.57 and 91.54±22.08 respectively.These mean scores in normal children  were 91.89±47.53 , 87.56±15.6 and 89.96±17.62consecuently .The results showed that these three different IQ subscales were not significantly different among 3 to 7 years old strabismic and nonstrabismic children ((P&gt;0.05 for all comparisons). There was no significant difference in IQ between two sexes (P&gt;0.05) while Persian tribe children had greater IQ score compared to other tribes (P&lt;0.05). Also, higher paternal educational status of children related to higher IQ score. IQ score was better in combined deviations and was higher in exotropes than esotropes; however, these differences were not statistically significant.(p&gt;0.05)</p> <p>In this evaluation, we did not found a significant negative interference of strabismus on IQ score of preschool children. It can be concluded that paternal educational level and tribe have a significant effect on intelligent quotient, while this is not the case on sex and ocular deviation.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Intelligence quotient, Strabismus, Deviation</p>

scholarly journals Dietary habits, anthropometric and metabolic profile of adolescents born prematurely

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Mírian Nara Lopes ◽  
Sabrina Grassiolli ◽  
Maria De Lá Ó Ramalho Veríssimo ◽  
Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira Toso ◽  
Pamela Talita Favil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Tc ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Prematurity may be related to the early onset of obesity and metabolic syndrome in adolescence. Breastfeeding and feeding are crucial factors in the genesis of cardio metabolic risk. Objective: To analyze the relationship between the type of breastfeeding and eating habits with the blood pressure, lipid, glycemic and anthropometric profile of adolescents born prematurely. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 50 adolescents born prematurely in western Paraná, Brazil, aged 10 to 19 years. Data on birth, breastfeeding and feeding were evaluated using the 24-hour Food Consumption Marker. Weight, height, abdominal circumference (AC), blood pressure (BP) were verified; concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by capillary puncture. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. Results: Out of total, 78%   eat in front of screens and 52% do not take the main meals during the day. Regardless of the amount of meals a day, the lipid, glycemic and AC profiles did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups. There is a statistically significant association between BP and number of meals (p = 0.01), TC and breastfeeding (p = 0.03) and TG with consumption of sausages (p = 0.02) and products rich in carbohydrates (p = 0.01). Most of them (72%) consumed cow’s milk before completing one year and only 30% received exclusive breastfeeding until the age of six months. Related other values, 30% had high BP, 22% and 41% high TC and TG, respectively. Of the 30% overweight, 60% had high BP, 53% high TG, 33% high TC and 33% percentile AC ?90. Conclusion: Breastfeeding did not influence the metabolic profile, but it was evidenced as risk factors for adolescents to develop future cardiovascular problems due to prematurity, inadequate eating habits, overweight, abdominal circumference, and alterations in both blood pressure and lipid profile. 

scholarly journals Screening of auditory processing disorder in children with learning disabilities using the Persian version of the auditory processing domains questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Ahmadi ◽  
Farnoush Jarollahi ◽  
Mohsen Ahadi ◽  
Fatemeh Hosseini ◽  
Saeedeh Khamisabadi
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Auditory Processing Disorder ◽  
High Likelihood ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Processing Language

Background and Aim: Auditory processing dis­order (APD), as a sensory processing defect, can be comorbid with other disorders such as lear­ning disability (LD). LD has shown a greater likelihood of comorbidity with APD. Therefore, the deficits associated with APD needs to be identified in children with LD. Given the high likelihood of APD comorbidity in children with LD, this study aimed to screen for APD in 8−12-year-old children with LD using the Persian auditory processing domains questio­nnaire (APDQ-P). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, APDQ-P was administered on 250 normal children with a mean (SD) age of 10 (1.48) years old (153 girls and 97 boys), and 110 children with LD with a mean (SD) age of 9 (1.92) years old (40 girls and 61 boys). After obtaining the cut-off point, the scores of the two groups were compared by a t-test in 5 age categories. Finally, we calculated the number of children with suspected APD using APDQ-P. Results: There was a significant difference bet­ween the scores of LD and normal group in all subscales including auditory processing, language and attention. About 75% of LD chil­dren failed in auditory processing, 86% in atten­tion skills, and 82% in language skills. Conclusion: A significant proportion of children with LD were suspected of APD, which could be indicative of a high likelihood of comorbidity  of APD in children with LD. More accurate iden­tification of the degree and type of APD in  these children requires central auditory diagno­stic tests. Keywords: Questionnaire; auditory processing disorder; screening; learning disability  

scholarly journals Perilaku orang tua dalam pemberian makan dan status gizi anak usia 2-5 tahun

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Agustini Purnama ◽  
Lely Lusmilasari ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Control Body ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Catholic Hospital

Background: The issue of child nutrition is still a problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. Nowadays, there is double burden related to child nutrition, due to lack of nutrition that has not been resolved and at the same time, there is an increasing problem of excess nutrients. Parents are responsible for the care of children, including fulfilling a balanced nutritional intake.Objective: To identify the relationship between parent’s behavior in feeding and nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years.Method: Design used in this study was observational with the cross-sectional study was conducted 153 parents with children aged 2-5 years who fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the region of Integrated Health Center Catholic Hospital St. Vincentius a Paulo Surabaya. Parent’s behavior in feeding was assessed using the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) which consists of 49 questions and 12 behavioral aspects. The nutritional status of children assessed by weight indicator according to height (weight/height) were compared with z-score WHO 2006 standard. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation.Results: The average nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years based on the weight/height z-score indicator was 0.17 indicating that is in normal condition. Parent’s behavior that involves children in the planning and preparation of meals, positively associated with nutritional status of children in all conditions of nutritional status of children who are very thin to obese (ρ=0.43; p=0.001). Pressure, when children eat, was negatively associated with nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years in normal nutritional status to obese (ρ=-0.34; p=0.001). Restriction of food intake to control body weight was positively associated with nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years in all conditions of nutritional status of children who are very thin to obese (ρ=0.29; p=0.001).Conclusion: Parent’s behavior in feeding the children associated with nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years.

Food diversification: a retrospective survey over fifteen years in Monastir Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bannour ◽  
C Ben Nasrallah ◽  
H Abroug ◽  
I Zemni ◽  
M Ben Fradj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Introduction Diversification is the transition phase between exclusive breastfeeding and adult-style feeding, taken independently by the child. Breast milk covers the nutritional needs of infants during the first months of life. With a view to prevention, in particular allergy and optimization of nutritional intake, food diversification is ideally undertaken between the 4th and 6th month. The age at which food is introduced can naturally vary depending on family cultural traditions. The objective of this work is to research the factors associated with the conduct of food diversification. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the governorate of Monastir, including mothers consulting 6 dispensaries for the monitoring of their children. the collected data concerned their medical history, the course of pregnancy, breastfeeding and the age of food diversification. The relationships between the various diversification risk factors were analyzed using SPSS software. Results In total,1906 infants were included in our study. The delivery method was vaginal in 81.1% of cases, cesarean section in 17.7% and forceps in 1.1% of cases. The average of birth weight was 3338 ± 522.7 grams. The duration of breastfeeding was in average 3.65 months with extremes ranging from zero days to 24 months. The mean age of food diversification was 4.31 months with extremes ranging from 0 days to 24 months. The first food introduced was fruits, then vegetables. The family dish was introduced on average at the age of 10.28 months. There was no significant difference between mode of delivery, birth weight and age of food diversification. Conclusions Information efforts on infant feeding are necessary by focusing on simple messages must be used. This advice must be adapted to the child's family (place in the siblings, eating habits and resources) and to the child himself (taste, appetite). Key messages Information efforts on infant feeding are necessary by focusing on simple messages must be used The first food introduced was fruits, then vegetables.

scholarly journals Food intake and nutritional status of preschool from maroon communities of the state Alagoas, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Maria de B. Leite ◽  
Haroldo da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Myrtis Katille de A. Bezerra ◽  
Monica Lopes de Assunção ◽  
Bernardo Lessa Horta
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Vitamins A And C ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

OBJECTIVE: To assess the dietary intake and the nutritional status of children from Alagoas maroon communities. METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 724 children (12-60 months) from 39 Alagoas maroon communities. The nutritional status was investigated by anthropometric, biochemical (hemoglobin) and food consumption indicators. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia, stunting and obesity were, respectively, 48.0, 9.7 and 6.0%. The children had a monotonous eating pattern and a considerable prevalence of inadequate intake of zinc (17.0%), folate (18.1%), iron (20.2%) and vitamins A (29.7%) and C (34.3%). Compared to the other socioeconomic classes, the E class children had lower average consumption (p<0.05) for energy, carbohydrate, vitamins A and C, folate, iron, zinc and phosphorus. CONCLUSIONS: Anemia is a serious Public Health problem. The prevalence of chronic malnutrition and obesity were similar to those observed for the children in the State as a whole, where a nutritional transition process is occuring. There was a high prevalence of inadequate food intake risk for zinc, folate, iron and vitamins A and C, suggesting the need for nutritional education actions.

scholarly journals Domestic Lifestyle and Nutritional Status of Children During Covid-19 Pandemics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SElda Bülbül ◽  
Aliye Gülbahçe ◽  
Nil Koç Gülşen ◽  
Ali Emrecan Ata ◽  
Sevim Gonca Kocagözoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Objective: After Covid-19 pandemic was declared, a number of restrictions have been imposed all over the world. We aimed to detect changes in eating habits of children and adults during Covid-19 pandemic when lifestyle changes were inevitable due to these restrictions. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data collection process was completed by online questionnaire forms sent via mail system. There were questions about demographic characteristics of the participants and their children, lifestyle changes during the pandemic period and awareness of the pandemic. Participants with more than one child were asked to use the information of their youngest children. In statistical analyzes we used “Statistical Package for Social Science” (SPSS) 20.0 for Windows. Pearson Chi-square test was used for comparisons of categorical variables. The significance level was accepted as p≤ 0.05 in all statistical processes. Results: A total of 327 people between 19-65 years of age participated in this study, and 174 of them had children with a mean age of 6.8 years, including 96 (55.7%) boys and 78 (44.3%) girls. Among all children, physical activity decreased in 101 (58%), screen time increased in 87 (50%) and 40 (23%) of them consumed their meals in front of the screen. The snacking habits of 130 (74.8%) children increased, 34 (19.5%) started consuming too much junk food and 12 of them (6.9%) gained weight. We observed that boys consumed more food than girls during their stay at home when compared to usual prerestriction days as they felt anxious and troubled (p=0.02). Conclusion: Pandemics do not affect our lives not only with disease burden but also, have effects on daily lives of families and children. During this period, besides precautions against infection, special interest should be given to feeding, sleeping habits and physical activities that would boost immune system and measures should be taken to prevent harmful habits.

scholarly journals Food Consumption and Iron Intake of Pregnant and Reproductive Aged Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Sayuri Sato ◽  
Elizabeth Fujimori ◽  
Sophia Cornbluth Szarfarc ◽  
Ana Luiza Vilela Borges ◽  
Maria Alice Tsunechiro
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fortified Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women

This study compares the eating habits and consumption of natural and fortified iron sources in pregnant and reproductive aged women. This cross-sectional study was developed in a health center located in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. We studied 61 women, of which 30 were pregnant. A food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour recall instrument were used. The main natural sources of iron were beans and greens, although fortified foods were also an important source. There was little statistically significant difference between the food consumption of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Inadequate intake of iron, folate and calcium was observed in both groups. Non-pregnant women meet the iron recommendation, considering the iron added in fortified foods, though pregnant women do not. These results suggest the need for mixed strategies: food fortification, iron supplements for pregnant women and nutritional instruction for women in general.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document