Domestic Lifestyle and Nutritional Status of Children During Covid-19 Pandemics

Objective: After Covid-19 pandemic was declared, a number of restrictions have been imposed all over the world. We aimed to detect changes in eating habits of children and adults during Covid-19 pandemic when lifestyle changes were inevitable due to these restrictions. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data collection process was completed by online questionnaire forms sent via mail system. There were questions about demographic characteristics of the participants and their children, lifestyle changes during the pandemic period and awareness of the pandemic. Participants with more than one child were asked to use the information of their youngest children. In statistical analyzes we used “Statistical Package for Social Science” (SPSS) 20.0 for Windows. Pearson Chi-square test was used for comparisons of categorical variables. The significance level was accepted as p≤ 0.05 in all statistical processes. Results: A total of 327 people between 19-65 years of age participated in this study, and 174 of them had children with a mean age of 6.8 years, including 96 (55.7%) boys and 78 (44.3%) girls. Among all children, physical activity decreased in 101 (58%), screen time increased in 87 (50%) and 40 (23%) of them consumed their meals in front of the screen. The snacking habits of 130 (74.8%) children increased, 34 (19.5%) started consuming too much junk food and 12 of them (6.9%) gained weight. We observed that boys consumed more food than girls during their stay at home when compared to usual prerestriction days as they felt anxious and troubled (p=0.02). Conclusion: Pandemics do not affect our lives not only with disease burden but also, have effects on daily lives of families and children. During this period, besides precautions against infection, special interest should be given to feeding, sleeping habits and physical activities that would boost immune system and measures should be taken to prevent harmful habits.

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Attitude towards online classes among school and college going students during lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212600 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 3446

Author(s):

Saurav Kumar ◽

Shiv Prakash ◽

Mona Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Family Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Online Classes ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Academic Level ◽

College Going ◽

Significant Difference

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the attitude of the school and college-going students towards online classes. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted on 228 school and college-going students fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria selected through purposive sampling methods. A semi-structured online questionnaire consisting of a socio-demographic questionnaire and Attitude towards online classes (ATOC) questionnaire was prepared by the researcher using Google form. The link of the questionnaire was sent to all the selected respondents through WhatsApp messages and emails. The data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 20 software. The reliability of the attitude questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha test. The association between categorical variables was assessed using Chi-square tests. The comparison between variables was assessed using the students independent t-test.Results: More than half of the respondents (51.32%) were found with a positive attitude towards online classes. There was a significant association found between attitude towards online classes and socio-demographic variables such as age (p<0.05), academic level (p<0.05), and family income (p<0.01). The respondents who attended online classes (p<0.05), have technical knowledge (p<0.01), and got supported by their parents in the study (p<0.05) were found significantly high positive attitudes towards online classes. There was a significant difference found in the attitude of the respondents who faced psychological disturbances such as a decline in attention-concentration (p<0.05), irritation-anger (p<0.01), and tension (p<0.05) due to online classes.Conclusions: Although, online classes are more beneficial for the students and teachers in their academic activities during the lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic but it can’t take place of traditional face-to-face classes.

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Assessment of eating habits and lifestyle during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic in the Middle East and North Africa region: a cross-sectional study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114520004547 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Leila Cheikh Ismail ◽

Tareq M. Osaili ◽

Maysm N. Mohamad ◽

Amina Al Marzouqi ◽

Amjad H. Jarrar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

North Africa ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Mena Region ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread globally, forcing countries to apply lockdowns and strict social distancing measures. The aim of this study was to assess eating habits and lifestyle behaviours among residents of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region during the lockdown. A cross-sectional study among adult residents of the MENA region was conducted using an online questionnaire designed on Google Forms during April 2020. A total of 2970 participants from eighteen countries participated in the present study. During the pandemic, over 30 % reported weight gain, 6·2 % consumed five or more meals per d compared with 2·2 % before the pandemic (P < 0·001) and 48·8 % did not consume fruits on a daily basis. Moreover, 39·1 % did not engage in physical activity, and over 35 % spent more than 5 h/d on screens. A significant association between the frequency of training during the pandemic and the reported change in weight was found (P < 0·001). A significantly higher percentage of participants reported physical and emotional exhaustion, irritability and tension either all the time or a large part of the time during the pandemic (P < 0·001). Although a high percentage of participants reported sleeping more hours per night during the pandemic, 63 % had sleep disturbances. The study highlights that the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused a variety of lifestyle changes, physical inactivity and psychological problems among adults in the MENA region.

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Knowledge of Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Peruvian Dietitians about Vegetarianism at Different Stages of Life

Nutrition and Metabolic Insights ◽

10.1177/1178638821997123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 117863882199712

Author(s):

Jacksaint Saintila ◽

Yaquelin E Calizaya-Milla ◽

David J Javier-Aliaga

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Vegetarian Diet ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Critical Nutrients

Background: The vegetarian diet continues to gain recognition and popularity among people; however, few studies have considered the level of knowledge of professional dietitians about this dietary pattern. Objective: This study aimed to compare the level of knowledge of vegetarian and nonvegetarian Peruvian dietitians regarding vegetarianism at different life stages. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. An online questionnaire based on the recommendations of the current dietary guidelines was administered to more than 400 registered dietitians. Of which, a total of 179 decided to participate in the study: 72 vegetarians and 107 nonvegetarians. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: Women represented the largest proportion of the sample. The participants demonstrated a complete and exhaustive knowledge of the definition of vegetarian diets. Regarding the risks and benefits associated with vegetarianism, the largest proportion of those who got the correct answers were vegetarians. The percentage of correct answers selected for both groups regarding the critical nutrients were less than 50%. Only 17.6% identified the correct answer regarding the risk of eating disorders of vegetarianism. Conclusions: Dietitians did not demonstrate complete and comprehensive knowledge of the critical nutrients of vegetarianism and lack information on the risks of eating disorders from the vegetarian diet.

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Knowledge, Attitude, Practice of Iranian Physicians about COVID-19 in Iran

Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal ◽

10.14738/assrj.810.11051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 253-268

Author(s):

Maryam Ghasemisarukolai

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

T Test ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Fear And Anxiety ◽

Knowledge Depth

As a result of the global crisis caused by the coronavirus outbreak in late December 2019, Iran was also severely affected. The three provinces of Tehran, Mazandaran, and Gillan were high-risk cities exposed to infection and grievously damaged. Therefore, we decided to look at the level of knowledge, depth of attitude, and quality of physicians' practice in these three provinces. The most significant goal was to assess the level of KAP relative to the COVID-19 virus to provide comprehensive information to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the treatment staff to better cope and more effectively prevent and control critical situations. For research methodology, a cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 300 people using a self-made questionnaire. An online questionnaire via virtual networks and a paper questionnaire were also distributed by the principal author in medical hospitals, which included four sections: demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and practice. Cronbach's alpha confirmed the validity and reliability of each component. The final results prove that the knowledge of physicians was acceptable and significant at the level of 0.05. Physicians' attitudes showed a level of fear and anxiety that was significant according to a one-sample t-test and chi-square (Sig <0.05). In order to rank the physicians' practice, a T-test was used, and the results of the Friedman test in the first stage of the Chi-square test showed that the significance level is 0.05. Looking at the research results, it can be said that the development of educational programs can have a beneficial effect in increasing physicians' knowledge and controlling the disease as effectively as possible. Also, due to the attitude associated with stress and fear, it can be seen that providing laboratory and treatment equipment has been one of the concerns of physicians.

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Eating Habits and Lifestyle during COVID-19 Lockdown in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12113314 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3314

Author(s):

Leila Cheikh Ismail ◽

Tareq M. Osaili ◽

Maysm N. Mohamad ◽

Amina Al Marzouqi ◽

Amjad H. Jarrar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Government

The coronavirus disease is still spreading in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with subsequent lockdowns and social distancing measures being enforced by the government. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the lockdown on eating habits and lifestyle behaviors among residents of the UAE. A cross-sectional study among adults in the UAE was conducted using an online questionnaire between April and May 2020. A total of 1012 subjects participated in the study. During the pandemic, 31% reported weight gain and 72.2% had less than eight cups of water per day. Furthermore, the dietary habits of the participants were distanced from the Mediterranean diet principles and closer to “unhealthy” dietary patterns. Moreover, 38.5% did not engage in physical activity and 36.2% spent over five hours per day on screens for entertainment. A significantly higher percentage of participants reported physical exhaustion, emotional exhaustion, irritability, and tension “all the time” during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic (p < 0.001). Sleep disturbances were prevalent among 60.8% of the participants during the pandemic. Although lockdowns are an important safety measure to protect public health, results indicate that they might cause a variety of lifestyle changes, physical inactivity, and psychological problems among adults in the UAE.

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Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Waktu Tanggap pada Pelayanan Kasus Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2013

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v4i1.221 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nailatul Fadhilah ◽

Wirsma Arif Harahap ◽

Yuniar Lestari

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Response Time ◽

Traffic Accident ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Time Response ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Chi Square ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level

AbstrakPenanganan kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas membutuhkan pelayanan yang cepat, tanggap, dan tepat. Salah satu indikator pelayanan tersebut adalah waktu tanggap pada pelayanan pasien di IGD. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan waktu tanggap pada pelayanan kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas di IGD RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Mei hingga Desember 2013 di IGD RSUP Dr. M. Djamil dengan desain penelitian studi cross-sectional. Pengambilan data menggunakan lembaran observasi dan diberikan kepada 60 orang pasien kecelakaan lalu lintas yang dipilih secara acak. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji silang dengan tingkat kemaknaan p = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 70% memiliki waktu tanggap yang tepat, dimana rata-rata waktu tanggap adalah 6 menit 15 detik. Sebagian besar pasien kecelakaan lalu lintas berada dalam keadaan gawat tidak darurat atau triase kuning (80%). Pada sebagian besar kasus petugas berada di meja triase saat pasien datang (86,67%). Sebagian besar pasien dibawa ke triase dari pintu masuk IGD dengan brankar (86,67%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kegawatan pasien, keberadaan petugas yang bersiaga di triase, dan ketersediaan brankar dengan ketepatan waktu tanggap.Kata kunci: waktu tanggap, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan, kecelakaan lalu lintas, IGDAbstractTraffic accident cases management requires prompt, responsive, and precise service. Time response is one of several indicators of ER patient service. The aim of this study is to observe the factors that related to time response of traffic accident case management in Emergency Department of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang. This cross-sectional study was conducted between May and December 2013 by using observational sheet which is distributed to 60 randomly chosen from traffic accident patients in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital. Crosstab analysis was used to determine the difference among variables. Chi-square test was used to determine the significance of categorical variables. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate cross test with a significance level of p = 0.05. Result showed that out of 60 cases, 70% cases had accurate response time. The average response time is 6 minutes 15 seconds. Most of traffic accident patients are in a yellow triage (80%). In most cases, 86,67% officers are at the triage desk. Most of the patients brought to the triage from the emergency department entrance by stretchers (86.67%). There was no significant relationship between the level of patient severity, payment method, the availability of stretchers when patients come and response time (p> 0,05). Analysis of the relationship between the presence of officers and response time cannot be performed. The presence of officers in triage when patient arrived tended to speed up the response time.Keywords: response time, related factors, traffic accident, emergency room

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The Prevalence of using Prescribed & Unprescribed “Roaccutane (Isotretinoin)” among Females Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i48a33246 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 245-254

Author(s):

Mahmoud A Mahmoud ◽

Reem A. Almohaini ◽

Raghad A. Assiri ◽

Reema A. Alkhatabi ◽

Reema S. Alobaishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Good Practice ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Teratogenic Effect ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Media Platforms

Aims: To determine the prevalence of using prescribed and unprescribed Isotretinoin and to assess knowledge of its adverse effects among females in Riyadh, SA. Study design: cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: online questionnaire collected throughout two months by distributing the questionnaire via. social media platforms. Methodology: We included 385 female patients (age range 15-45 years) use Roaccutane (Isotretinoin) with or without prescribed. Statistical analysis was performed using Rv 3.6.3. Counts and percentages was used to summarize the distribution of categorical variables and data. Chi-square test was used to estimate the association between categorical variables. Hypothesis testing was performed at a 5% level of significance. Results: 568 respondents completed the questionnaire. Of these, 440 were from Riyadh. The majority of respondents were aged 15 – 20 (46.4%) and 21 – 25 (35.2%). Knowledge regarding some side effects of Roaccutane was significantly higher in respondents who reported using Roaccutane than those who did not. Knowledge of dry and cracked lips as a side effect was significantly higher in users (91.9%) than non-users (73.1%). Similarly, knowledge regarding dry eyes, depression, continuous thirst, nose dryness, bleeds, and effect of Roaccutane on liver biochemical profile, lipid profile, and bones was higher in users than non-users, regarding the teratogenic effect of Roaccutane was insignificantly different between groups. Conclusion: Females in Riyadh are aware of the side effects of isotretinoin, particularly dryness of the skin, eyes, and lips. Yet there is insufficient knowledge regarding its teratogenic effect. Based on the reported results, a few participants obtained Roaccutane without a prescription from the doctor, and some obtained their information from unreliable sources (i.e., friends/relatives). Our results suggest good practice towards the prescription of isotretinoin.

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Eating Habits during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy: The Nutritional and Lifestyle Side Effects of the Pandemic

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2279

Author(s):

Federica Grant ◽

Maria Luisa Scalvedi ◽

Umberto Scognamiglio ◽

Aida Turrini ◽

Laura Rossi

Keyword(s):

Food Waste ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Waste Prevention ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Recommendations ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Excessive Consumption

To limit the spread of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a nationwide lockdown started in Italy in March 2020. In this unpredictable situation, a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was carried out by the Observatory on Food Surplus, Recovery and Waste of CREA Food and Nutrition Centre. The aim of this work was to evaluate how Italian habits changed during this period, the determinants of changes, and the effect on food waste prevention. In a sample of 2678 respondents, 62% showed low Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (AMD). During lockdown many of participants improved the quality of their diet, increasing their consumption of fruit (24.4%), vegetables (28.5%), legumes (22.1%), nuts (12%), and fish or shellfish (14%). Unfavorable changes were observed with the excessive consumption of sweets or pastries (36.9%) and comfort foods (22.7%), and a lack of physical activity (37.2%). The main novelty of this study was the examination of dietary changes identified by a cluster analysis. Respondents with generally high AMD improved their eating habits, while the habits of the respondents with generally low AMD remained unchanged. In addition, nearly 80% of respondents were sensitive to food waste. The study provides a useful contribution to the debate on nutritional recommendations in case of further lockdown.

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Predictors of COVID-19-Related Perceived Improvements in Dietary Health: Results from a US Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13062097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 2097

Author(s):

Kelly Cosgrove ◽

Christopher Wharton

Keyword(s):

Dietary Habits ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Income Loss ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Eating Habits ◽

Health Related ◽

Survey Responses

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial lifestyle changes. No US study has identified predictors of perceived dietary healthfulness changes during the pandemic period. This study included analyses of lifestyle and dietary healthfulness changes using 958 survey responses from US primary household food purchasers. Information was collected related to demographics, COVID-19-related household changes, and health-related habits before and during the pandemic. Binary logistic regression identified predictors of perceived increase in dietary healthfulness during the pandemic period. Overall, 59.8%, 16.4%, and 23.4% of participants reported that their eating habits likely changed, may have changed, and likely did not change, respectively. Of the participants whose dietary habits likely or may have changed, 64.1%, 16.8%, and 19% reported healthier, neither healthier nor less healthy, and less healthy eating habits, respectively. COVID-19-related income loss, more meals consumed with household members in front of the television, an increase in food advertisement exposure, increased perceived stress, and better perceived current health were significant predictors of a perceived increase in dietary healthfulness. Overall, dietary habits were perceived to become healthier during the pandemic. The predictors of perceived improvement in dietary healthfulness were surprising and indicate the need for further study of these factors in crisis and noncrisis situations.

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The characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection: an outpatient population-based study in Changsha, Hunan

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94635-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bingsi Gao ◽

Yu-Ligh Liou ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Lingxiao Zou ◽

Waixing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Test Kit

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of cervical HPV infection in Changsha area and explored the influence of Candida vaginitis on this infection. From 11 August 2017 to 11 September 2018, 12,628 outpatient participants ranged from 19 to 84 years old were enrolled and analyzed. HPV DNA was amplified and tested by HPV GenoArray Test Kit. The vaginal ecology was detected by microscopic and biochemistry examinations. The diagnosis of Candida vaginitis was based on microscopic examination (spores, and/or hypha) and biochemical testing (galactosidase) for vaginal discharge by experts. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by t-tests and by Chi-square tests, respectively. HPV infection risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Of the total number of participants, 1753 were infected with HPV (13.88%). Females aged ≥ 40 to < 50 years constituted the largest population of HPV-infected females (31.26%). The top 5 HPV subtypes affecting this population of 1753 infected females were the following: HPV-52 (28.01%), HPV-58 (14.83%), CP8304 (11.47%), HPV-53 (10.84%), and HPV-39 (9.64%). Age (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1–1.01; P < 0.05) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.09–1.56; P < 0.01) were found to be risk factors for HPV infection. However, the presence of Candida in the vaginal flora was found to be a protective factor against HPV infection (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48–0.8; P < 0.001). Comparing with our previous study of 2016, we conclude that the subtype distribution of HPV infection is relatively constant in Changsha. Our data suggest a negative correlation between vaginal Candida and HPV, however, more radical HPV management is required in this area for perimenopausal women and those who regularly consume alcohol.

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