scholarly journals Insulin stimulation of Akt/PKB phosphorylation in the placenta of preeclampsia patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Dias Ferreira ◽  
Rafael Bueno Orcy ◽  
Sérgio Hofmeister Martins-Costa ◽  
José Geraldo Lopes Ramos ◽  
Ilma Simoni Brum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Insulin Stimulation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pkb Phosphorylation ◽  
Stimulation Of

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia is a multi-systemic disease and one of the most frequent severe health problems during pregnancy. Binding of insulin triggers phosphorylation and activates cytoplasmic substrates such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K). Phosphorylation of membrane phosphoinositide 2 (PIP2) to phosphoinositide 3 (PIP3) by PI3K starts Akt/PKB activation. Defects in phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and its substrates have an important role in insulin resistance. Studies have shown that insulin resistance is associated with preeclampsia and its pathophysiology. The aim here was to investigate insulin stimulation of the Akt/PKB pathway in the placenta, in normal and preeclampsia parturients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a tertiary public university hospital. METHODS: Placentas were collected from 12 normal and 12 preeclampsia patients. These were stimulated and analyzed using Western blot to quantify the Akt/PKB phosphorylation. RESULTS: The insulin stimulation was confirmed through comparing the stimulated group (1.14 ± 0.10) with the non-stimulated group (0.91 ± 0.08; P < 0.001). The phosphorylation of Akt/PKB did not differ between the placenta of the normal patients (1.26 ± 0.16) and those of the preeclampsia patients (1.01 ± 0.11; P = 0.237). CONCLUSIONS: In vitro insulin stimulation of the human placenta has been well established. There was no difference in Akt/PKB phosphorylation, after stimulation with insulin, between placentas of normal and preeclampsia patients. Nevertheless, it cannot be ruled out that the Akt/PKB signaling pathway may have a role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, since the substrates of Akt/PKB still need to be investigated.

scholarly journals Intraoral findings in newborns: prevalence and associated factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e181344
Author(s):  
Cláudia Lobelli Chandler ◽  
Isabelita Duarte Azevedo ◽  
Manoelito Ferreira Silva Junior ◽  
Johnnatas Mikael Lopes ◽  
Manuel Antonio Gordón-Núñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Lamina ◽  
Mother’S Age

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of intraoral characteristics and associated factors with neonatal and parent variables in a group of Brazilian newborns. Methods: This cross-sectional study with a descriptive and inferential approach, whose data was obtained through clinical examination, interview and the collection of medical record information. The sample was selected from babies up to three days old, of both sexes, and born between January and December 2013 in the Ana Bezerra University Hospital, in the city of Santa Cruz-RN, Brazil. The exposure variables included neonatal (sex, weight, gestational age, type of delivery and Apgar score) and parent (presence of systemic disease(s), drug use and consanguinity between the parents) variables. Descriptive analysis and Poisson regression were performed to estimate the ratio of gross and adjusted prevalence of intraoral findings (Epstein pearls, Bohn’s nodule, dental lamina cyst and ankyloglossia) with the neonatal and parent variables (p<0.05). Results: Of a total of 168 examined newborns, 56.5% (n=95) were male. The most prevalent intraoral feature was the fibrous cord of Magitot, 62.5% (n=105), and the most frequent alteration was Epstein pearls, 44.6% (n=75). Female gender was a factor for Bohn’s nodule (OR=0.90; 95%CI:0.82-0.99), and no tobacco use by the father was a protective factor for Epstein pearls (OR=0.73;95%CI:0.55-0.97). Additionally, lower mother’s age, between 20-34 years  of age (OR=1.58;95%CI:1.07-2.35) and under 19 years of age (OR=1.61; 95%CI:1.03-2.52) increases the chance of having Epstein pearls. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of alterations in the newborns’ oral cavities and there were associations between neonatal and parent variables.

scholarly journals Serum CRP level in day of ovum pickup and embryo transfer as a predictor for success in patients undergoing IVF/ ICSI

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Mofeed F. Mohamed ◽  
Abd El-Moneim M. Zakria ◽  
Walid M. El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Serum Crp ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Day Of Embryo Transfer

Background: This study was performed to determine the level of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in day of ovum pickup and embryo transfer as a predictor for success in patients undergoing In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Intracytoplasmic Sperm injection (ICSI).Methods: This study was a cross sectional study (prospective) that was conducted in assisted reproduction unit in Al-Azhar University Hospital on 50 infertile patients who were candidate for IVF/ICSI, using standard long protocol, blood was drawn two times during cycle, in the day of ovum pick up and the day of embryo transfer.Results: In (70.6 %) the serum of CRP level was higher in day of embryo transfer than day of ovum pick up. The ratio of CRP level in the day of embryo transfer to the day of ovum pick up was heigher (1.54) in patients who became pregnant after ICSI, patients with less than this ratio have not been pregnant.Conclusions: Controlled ovarian hyper stimulation and puncture of ovaries can potentiate systemic stimulation so increasing serum CRP level in day of embryo transfer rather than day of ovum pick up can predict success in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI. 

STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH HODGKIN AND NON - HODGKIN LYMPHOMA

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Mao Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Key Words Lymphoma ◽  
Malignant Grade

Background: Lymphoma is one of the most ten common cancers in the world as well as in Vietnam which has been ever increasing. It was divided into 2 main groups Hodgkin and non – Hodgkin lymphoma in which non-Hodgkin lymphoma appeared more frequency, worse prognosis and different therapy. Objectives: - To describe some common characteristics in patients with non – Hodgkin lymphoma; - To determine the proportion between Hodgkin and non- Hodgkin lymphoma, histopathological classification of classical Hodgkin by modified Rye 1966 and non-Hodgkin lymphoma by Working Formulation (WF) of US national oncology institute 1982. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 65 patients with Hodgkin and non- Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed definitely by histopathology at Hue Central Hospital and Hue University Hospital. Results:. The ratio of male/female for the non-Hodgkin lymphoma was 1.14/1, the most frequent range of age was 51-60 accounting for 35%, not common under 40 years. Non - Hodgkin lymphoma appeared at lymph node was the most common (51.7%), at the extranodal site was rather high 48.3%. The non - Hodgkin lymphoma proportion was predominant 92.3% comparing to the Hodgkin lymphoma only 7.7%; The most WF type was WF7 (53.3%), following the WF6 18,3% and WF5 11,7%; The intermediate malignancy grade of non- Hodgkin lymphoma was the highest proportion accouting for 85%, then the low and the high one 8.3% and 6.7% respectively. Conclusion: The histopathological classification and the malignant grade of lymphoma for Hodgkin and non - Hodgkin lymphoma played a practical role for the prognosis and the treatment orientation, also a fundamental one for the modern classification of non - Hodgkin lymphoma nowadays. Key words: lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, classication, grade, histopathology, lymph node

Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran During 2016-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi ◽  
Neda Alijani ◽  
Mohammadreza Salehi ◽  
Omid Dadras ◽  
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prevention Method

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of exposure to hepatitis A by means of serologic markers in chronic hepatitis B patients, with the secondary aim of finding the best prevention method for hepatitis A infection in susceptible groups of our setting. Methods: During the period between 2016 and 2017, we recruited 403 hepatitis B patients aged more than 14 years and regularly attending the infectious diseases clinic at a referral university hospital, Tehran, Iran. A blood sample was collected from all the patients and tested for hepatitis A IgG. The data was analyzed by SPSS v.19. Results: Although none of the patients had previously received hepatitis A vaccine, the results for serologic level of hepatitis A IgG, demonstrated positive results in 379 (94%) cases. The mean age of patients with negative and positive IgG was 29.17 and 42.46 years, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P≤0.001). The majority of seronegative patients were young adults aged < 25 years and 25 to 35 years (P <0.001). Conclusion: Seroprevalence of hepatitis A in chronic HBV patients in Iran is high. As HBV infected patients younger than 35 years could be seronagative for HAV infection, evaluation of these patients for HAV infection and vaccination of seronegative patients would be a reasonable approach.

Prevalence of Thyroid Diseases in an Occupationally Radiation Exposed Group: A Cross-Sectional Study in a University Hospital of Southern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Vimercati ◽  
Luigi De Maria ◽  
Francesca Mansi ◽  
Antonio Caputi ◽  
Giovanni M. Ferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exposed Workers

Background: Thyroid diseases occur more frequently in people exposed to ionizing radiation, but the relationship between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and thyroid pathologies still remains unclear. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in healthcare workers exposed to low-level ionizing radiation compared with a control group working at the University Hospital of Bari, Southern Italy, and living in the same geographical area, characterized by mild iodine deficiency. Methods: We ran a cross-sectional study to investigate whether healthcare workers exposed to ionizing radiation had a higher prevalence of thyroid diseases. Four hundred and forty-four exposed healthcare workers (241 more exposed, or “A Category”, and 203 less exposed, or “B Category”) and 614 nonexposed healthcare workers were enrolled during a routine examination at the Occupational Health Unit. They were asked to fill in an anamnestic questionnaire and undergo a physical examination, serum determination of fT3, fT4 and TSH, anti-TPO ab and anti-TG ab and ultrasound neck scan. Thyroid nodules were submitted to fine needle aspiration biopsy when indicated. Results: The prevalence of thyroid diseases was statistically higher in the exposed workers compared to controls (40% vs 29%, adPR 1.65; IC95% 1.34-2.07). In particular, the thyroid nodularity prevalence in the exposed group was approximately twice as high as that in the controls (29% vs 13%; adPR 2.83; IC95% 2.12-3.8). No statistically significant association was found between exposure to ionizing radiation and other thyroid diseases. Conclusion: In our study, mild ionizing radiation-exposed healthcare workers had a statistically higher prevalence of thyroid diseases than the control group. The results are likely due to a closer and more meticulous health surveillance programme carried out in the ionising radiation-exposed workers, allowing them to identify thyroid alterations earlier than non-exposed health staff.

scholarly journals Effect of the Cut-Off Level for Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone on the Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism among Infertile Mexican Women

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Lidia Arce-Sánchez ◽  
Salvatore Giovanni Vitale ◽  
Claudia Montserrat Flores-Robles ◽  
Myrna Souraye Godines-Enriquez ◽  
Marco Noventa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The primary aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) using two different cut-off levels for TSH values (≥2.5 mIU/L versus ≥4.1 mIU/L). The secondary objective was to analyze the clinical-biochemical characteristics in women with and without SCH. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. In total, 1496 Mexican women with infertility were included: Group 1, women with TSH levels ranging between 0.3 and 2.49 mIU/L, n = 886; Group 2, women with TSH between 2.5 and 4.09 mIU/L, n = 390; and Group 3, women with TSH ≥4.1 mIU/L n = 220. SCH prevalence was 40.7% (CI 95%: 38.3–43.3%) with TSH cut-off ≥ 2.5 mIU/L, and 14.7% (CI 95%: 12.7–16.5%) with TSH cut-off ≥ 4.1 mIU/L, (p = 0.0001). The prevalence of overweight was higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3. Thyroid autoimmunity, obesity and insulin resistance were higher in Group 3 than in Group 1 (p < 0.05). No other differences were observed between groups. Conclusions: The prevalence of SCH in our selected patients increased almost three times using a TSH cut-off ≥ 2.5 mIU/L compared with a TSH cut-off ≥ 4.1 mIU/L. Women with TSH ≥4.1 mIU/L compared with TSH cut-off ≤ 2.5 mIU/L more often presented with obesity, thyroid autoimmunity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life in different trimesters during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huailiang Wu ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Hanqing Chen ◽  
Yanxin Wu ◽  
Wenjing Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Pregnant women experience physical, physiological, and mental changes. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a relevant indicator of psychological and physical behaviours, changing over the course of pregnancy. This study aims to assess HRQoL of pregnant women during different stages of pregnancy. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed using the The EuroQoL Group’s five-dimension five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) to assess the HRQoL of pregnant women, and demographic data were collected. This study was conducted in a regional university hospital in Guangzhou, China. Results A total of 908 pregnant women were included in this study. Pregnant women in the early 2nd trimester had the highest HRQoL. The HRQoL of pregnant women rose from the 1st trimester to the early 2nd trimester, and dropped to the bottom at the late 3rd trimester due to some physical and mental changes. Reports of pain/discomfort problem were the most common (46.0%) while self-care were the least concern. More than 10% of pregnant women in the 1st trimester had health-related problems in at least one dimension of whole five dimensions. In the whole sample, the EuroQoL Group’s visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) was 87.86 ± 9.16. Across the gestational stages, the HRQoL remained stable during the pregnancy but the highest value was observed in the 1st trimester (89.65 ± 10.13) while the lowest was in the late 3rd trimester (87.28 ± 9.13). Conclusions During pregnancy, HRQoL were associated with gestational trimesters in a certain degree. HRQoL was the highest in the early 2nd trimester and then decreased to the lowest in the late 3rd trimester due to a series of physical and psychological changes. Therefore, obstetric doctors and medical institutions should give more attention and care to pregnant women in the late 3rd trimester.

Psychopathological Factors Associated With Burnout in Intensive Care Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 107839032199972
Author(s):  
Erman Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have separately revealed that parameters such as anxiety, depression, and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are associated with burnout, there is still a limited understanding of the relationship between anxiety, depression, and STS and burnout in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. AIMS: To investigate the relationship between levels of burnout, anxiety, depression, and STS in ICU nurses. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with ICU nurses ( N = 164) from a university hospital in eastern Turkey. The participants completed the anxiety, depression, STS, and burnout scales along with the descriptive characteristics form. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean scores for STS, anxiety, depression, and burnout were 40.60 ± 13.77, 17.14 ± 12.90, 13.28 ± 9.75 and 41.39 ± 14.87, respectively. The results showed that, in the ICU nurses, anxiety, depression, and STS components explained 61% of emotional exhaustion, 38% of depersonalization, and 13% of personal accomplishment. CONCLUSIONS: While the present findings supported the paradigm that burnout in ICU nurses is associated with STS, anxiety, and depression, they also revealed some details about the psychopathological factors associated with burnout. These details were as follows: (1) individuals who resorted to avoidance as a component of STS on a high level were more likely to experience emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, (2) individuals with severe depressive symptoms were more likely to experience a decrease in their personal accomplishment, and (3) individuals with anxiety symptoms were more likely to experience both emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment.

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