scholarly journals Genotype × country interaction for weaning weight in the Angus populations of Brazil and Uruguay

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Espasandin ◽  
Jorge Ignacio Urioste ◽  
Leonardo Talavera Campos ◽  
Maurício Mello de Alencar
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Month Of Birth ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Additive Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
The One ◽  
Genetic Evaluations ◽  
Moderate Magnitude ◽  
Country Effect

It was analyzed the existence of genotype × environment interaction for weaning weight in populations of Angus from Brazil and Uruguay by using records of 73,205 animals (10,257 from Uruguay and 62,948 from Brazil) belonging to 33 and 161 farms and 13 and 34 regions in Uruguay and Brazil, respectively. It was used the one- and two-trait animal model analyses considering weight at weaning of each country as different characters. Coefficients of direct and maternal additive-genetic correlation estimated by two statistical models (including or not bull × country effect) Models included the fixed effects of contemporary group (herd-year and month of birth), sex of the calf, the covariates age of dam at calving (years) and age of calf at weaning (days), and the random effects genetic-additive maternal and direct, maternal permanent environment and residual. Herdabilidades (of direct effect) were similar in both countries and with moderate magnitude (0.35 and 0.15, respectively). Coeficients of correlation among maternal and direct genetic effects between Brazil and Uruguay were 0.77 and 0.13, respectively, and comparison among models (with and without bull × country effect) showed significant differences. Correlations among classifications (ranking of genetic values) of bulls with progenie in both countries ranged from 0.35 to 0.41 for estimations in one- and two-trait models, respectively. The results suggest the existence of genotype × environment interaction for weight at weaning of Angus populations between Brazil and Uruguay. There is a need of considering interaction in further international genetic evaluations of the breed.

scholarly journals Selection of a suitable definition of environment for the estimation of genotype × environment interaction in the weaning weight of beef cattle

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vostrý ◽  
J. Přibyl ◽  
V. Jakubec ◽  
Z. Veselá ◽  
I. Majzlík
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
And Performance

Genotype by environment interactions for weaning weight in beef cattle were tested using several definitions of environments. Four breeds of beef cattle (Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Beef Simmental, and Charolais) were represented. The environments were defined according to five criteria: altitude, production areas, economic value of the land, less favourable areas, and performance levels of a breed within herds. Ten mixed models were compared including the effects of direct and maternal genetics, herd-year-season, maternal permanent environmental, breed, environment, genotype × environment interaction, sex of calf, and age of dam. The suitability of the models was tested by Akaike’s Information Criterion, likelihood ratio test, and magnitude of the residual variance. The most suitable definitions of environment were less favoured areas and herd levels of performance. Estimates of direct heritability ranged from 0.07 to 0.19. Genotype × environment interactions should be included in a genetic evaluation model for interbreed comparisons of beef cattle in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Genotype-environment interaction, genetic trends, and performance dissimilarity of Nellore herds raised in three different environmental gradients

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Julio Cesar de Souza ◽  
Fabio Rafael Leão Fialho ◽  
Marcos Paulo Gonçalves Rezende ◽  
Carlos Henrique Cavallari Machado ◽  
Mariana Pereira Alencar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Genetic Trends

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the genotype-environment interaction, and estimate genetic parameters, genetic trends, and performance dissimilarity-weight gain from birth to weaning (WGBW), adjusted weight to 205 days (W205), weight gain from weaning to 18 months of age (WG18), and adjusted weight to 550 days (W550)-in Nellore animals born between 1986 and 2012, and raised in pasture-based system in three different environmental gradients in Brazil. Data of 62,001 animals-11,729 raised in the Alto Taquari/Bolsão region (ATBR), 21,143 raised in the Campo Grande/Dourados region (CGDR) and 29,129 raised in the western São Paulo/Paraná region (SPPR) in Brazil-were used. The contemporary groups were defined by sex, location, and birth year and season, with at least nine individuals, two different environments, and breeding bulls with at least five progenies. The statistical model contained the direct additive and residual genetic effects (random effects), and environmental and contemporary group effects (fixed effects). Genetic parameters, genotype-environment interaction and genetic trends were estimates using animal model (uni- and/or bi- traits). The level of similarity between regions was evaluated using principal components. The animals raised in the CGDR had superior performance regarding the traits evaluated. The direct heritability estimates ranged from 0.39 to 0.44 (WGBW), 0.41 to 0.45 (W205), 0.42 to 0.55 (WG18) and 0.60 to 0.62 (W550). The maternal heritability of the traits ranged from 0.20 (WGBW), 0.12 to 0.18 (W205), 0.00 to 0.06 (WG18) and 0.02 to 0.22 (W550). According to the Spearman correlation, the ranking of the breeding bulls in the regions evaluated were different. The mean of Euclidean distance indicated low similarity between ATBR and CGDR (43.20), and ATBR and SPPR (29.24). CGDR and SPPR presented similarity of 17.84. The breed values increased over the years in the traits evaluated. The cumulative variance percentage of the first two main components explained 99.99% variation among the regions, and the weight gains of the animals were the most important to differentiate the regions. A genotype-environment interaction was found for the traits evaluated, thus, the breeding bull selected with superior genetic merit for one region might not be the best for others.

Genotype×environment interaction for weaning weight in Nellore cattle using reaction norm analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ribeiro ◽  
J.P. Eler ◽  
V.B. Pedrosa ◽  
G.J.M. Rosa ◽  
J.B.S. Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Norm ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Nellore Cattle

THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GENETIC EXPERIMENTS TO MODIFY GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION. I. SINGLE PAIR MATINGS AND SELECTION USING ONE SIMPLE QUANTITATIVE ATTRIBUTE MEASURED IN TWO ENVIRONMENTS

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliyahu Scheinberg
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Designed Experiments ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
The One ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Most breeding programs are aimed at producing quantitative changes in the genetic structure of the population in question. Available theory and designed experiments have failed to show how to modify the expression of genotype-environment interaction and assume that it is negligible or is not present.This paper considers the design of an experiment to test the feasibility of modifying this interaction and gives the necessary formulae to evaluate the results. It suggests that a number of genetic groups, say each with 2n full-sibs, should be equally divided into two random sub-groups and placed in different environments, e.g., two nutritional or climatic levels. One environment is where the parents and the first group of n randomly chosen offspring are reared continuously and the other environment is the one in which the second group of offspring is reared from birth. A criterion is then established for a selection program based on the performance differential of the same simple quantitative attribute measured in full-sibs reared in the two environments. This scheme can be employed for selecting for this criterion in three directions. Extensions of these theoretical considerations for the cases of more than one simple quantitative attribute, part-whole correlated attributes, indirect selection and more complicated designs will follow.

GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS FOR POSTWEANING GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BACKCROSS BULLS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
R. M. McKAY ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
G. M. WEISS ◽  
J. A. NEWMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Daily Gain

The effects of pretest and genotype × environment (GE) interactions of 137 reciprocal backcross bulls produced under two contrasting environments (Brandon, Manitoba and Manyberries, Alberta) were evaluated for postweaning performance traits. Differences in weaning weight and average daily gain during the pretest periods defined as preweaning (ADGBW), weaning to on-test (ADGWT), and birth to on-test (ADGBT) associated with the fixed effects of station of origin, breed cross and station of origin by test were not significant. Station of test effects were significant (P = 0.0001) for ADGWT and ADGBT. None of the GE interactions involving the station of origin was significant (P > 0.10) for the postweaning growth traits and probabilities exceeded 0.20 for all but three of the 40 traits. The GE interactions involving station of test were nonsignificant (P > 0.20) for all but eight traits. All of these exceptions involved the cumulative average daily gain in the eight periods which excluded the first 14 d of test. Although the GE interaction for average daily gain for 140 d of test was not significant there were substantial breed cross differences in growth rates at the two test locations. Users of performance test results, however, are generally concerned with absolute performance values, not statistically significant differences. Viewed in this context, the differential responses of genotypes under different test environments, even though statistically nonsignificant, could have important implications to the industry. Key words: Cattle, postweaning growth, genotype × environment interaction

Genotype × birth type or rearing-type interactions for growth and ultrasound scanning traits in Merino sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016
Author(s):  
A. Dakhlan ◽  
N. Moghaddar ◽  
J. H. J. van der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Birth Type

This study explores the interaction between genetic potential for growth in Merino lambs and their birth type (BT) or rearing type (RT). Data on birthweight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), post-weaning weight (PWWT), scan fat (PFAT) and eye muscle depth (PEMD) were used from 3920 single and 4492 twin-born lambs from 285 sires and 5279 dams. Univariate analysis showed a significant sire × BT interaction accounting for 1.59% and 2.49% of the phenotypic variation for BWT and WWT, respectively, and no significant effect for PWWT, PFAT and PEMD. Sire × RT interaction effects were much smaller and only significant for PEMD. Bivariate analysis indicated that the genetic correlation (rg) between trait expression in lambs born and reared as singles versus those born and reared as twins were high for BWT, WWT, PWWT (0.91 ± 0.02 – 0.96 ± 0.01), whereas rg for PFAT and PEMD were lower (0.81 ± 0.03 and 0.86 ± 0.02). The rg between traits expressed in lambs born and reared as singles versus those born as twins but reared as singles were lower: 0.77 ± 0.08, 0.88 ± 0.03, 0.66 ± 0.06 and 0.61 ± 0.08 for WWT, PWWT, PFAT and PEMD, respectively. A different RT only affected the expression of breeding values for PFAT and PEMD (rg 0.62 ± 0.04 and 0.47 ± 0.03, respectively). This study showed genotype × environment interaction for BWT and WWT (sire × BT interaction) and for PEMD (sire by RT interaction). However, sires’ breeding value of a model that accounts for sire × BT interaction provides a very similar ranking of sires compared with a model that ignores it, implying that there is no need to correct for the effect in models for genetic evaluation.

scholarly journals Genotype-environment interaction effects on weight gain in cattle using reaction norms

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e278101321244
Author(s):  
Rafaela Zubler ◽  
Cláudio Vieira de Araújo ◽  
Flávio Luiz de Menezes ◽  
Rodrigo Reis Mota ◽  
Simone Inoe Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Reaction Norm ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The One

The existence of genotype-environment interaction (GEI) using reaction norm models and their impact on the genetic evaluation of Nellore sires for body weight at 120, 210, 365 and 450 days of age was verified. Three models were used: animal model (AM) that disregards GEI and the one-step reaction norm model with homogeneous and heterogeneous residual variance (1SRNMH_het). Bayes Inference via Gibbs Sampling was used to estimate the variance components. The AM model better fits to weights at 120 and 210 days of age, while 1SRNMH_het was more adequate for body weights at 365 and 450 days of age, suggesting the existence of GEI. The posterior means of direct heritability were 0.33±0.01 and 0.36±0.01 and maternal heritability of 0.21±0.01 and 0.19±0.01 for body weights at 120 and 210 days of age, respectively. For body weights at 365 and 450 days of age, posterior means of heritability varied along the environmental gradient, but the ranking of sires based on breeding values was not changed by different environmental gradients. All rank correlations were greater than 0.80, strongly suggesting a scale effect of GEI. Despite the evidence of GEI on post-weaning weight gain, it did not change the ranking of sires. Therefore, it did not have a relevant impact on the genetic evaluation of sires because they are robust to environmental changes.

Investigation of genotype × production environment interaction for weaning weight in the Santa Gertrudis breed in Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bradfield ◽  
H-U. Graser ◽  
D. J. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Additive Genetic Correlation ◽  
Contemporary Group ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Likelihood Analysis

Weaning weight records of 12 563 Santa Gertrudis calves were used to estimate (co)variance components using a bivariate restricted maximum likelihood analysis. The analysis considered measurements on animals born in favourable production environments as Trait 1 and animals born in unfavourable production environments as Trait 2. Estimates of variance components for weaning weight across production environments were similar in magnitude. An additive genetic correlation of 0·64 between production environments was significantly different from unity, suggesting that there was a genotype production environment interaction. However, when a sire contemporary group interaction effect was included in the model, the genetic correlation between Trait 1 and Trait 2 was not significantly different from unity. These results suggest that the ranking of Santa Gertrudis sires across production environments was caused by changes in ranking from one contemporary group to the next rather than changes in ranking across production environments.

Linear, bilinear, and linear-bilinear fixed and mixed models for analyzing genotype × environment interaction in plant breeding and agronomy

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Crossa ◽  
M. Vargas ◽  
A K Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Bilinear Models ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Value Decomposition

The purpose of this manuscript is to review various statistical models for analyzing genotype × environment interaction (GE). The objective is to present parsimonious approaches other than the standard analysis of variance of the two-way effect model. Some fixed effects linear-bilinear models such as the sites regression model (SREG) are discussed, and a mixed effects counterpart such as the factorial analytic (FA) model is explained. The role of these linear-bilinear models for assessing crossover interaction (COI) is explained. One class of linear models, namely factorial regression (FR) models, and one class of bilinear models, namely partial least squares (PLS) regression, allows incorporating external environmental and genotypic covariables directly into the model. Examples illustrating the use of various statistical models for analyzing GE in the context of plant breeding and agronomy are given. Key words: Least squares, singular value decomposition, environmental and genotypic covariables

scholarly journals Application of GGE biplot graphs in multi-environment trials on selection of forest trees

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Ukalski ◽  
Marcin Klisz
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In the studies on selection and population genetics of forest trees that include the analysis of genotype × environment interaction (GE), the use of biplot graphs is relatively rare. This article describes the models and analytic methods useful in the biplot graphs, which enable the analyses of mega-environments, selection of the testing environment, as well as the evaluation of genotype stability. The main method presented in the paper is the GGE biplot method (G - genotype effect, GE -genotype × environment interaction effect). At the same time, other methods have also been referred to, such as, SVD (singular value decomposition), PCA (principal component analysis), linear-bilinear SREG model (sites regression), linear-bilinear GREG model (genotypes regression) and AMMI (additive main effects multiplicative interaction). The potential of biplot method is presented based on the data on growth height of 20 European beech genotypes (Fagus sylvatica L.), generated from real data concerning selection trials and carried out in 5 different environments. The combined ANOVA was performed using fixed- -effects, as well as mixed-effects models, and significant interaction GE was shown. The GGE biplot graphs were constructed using PCA. The first principal component (GGE1) explained 54%, and the second (GGE2) explained more than 23% of the total variation. The similarity between environments was evaluated by means of the AEC method, which allowed us to determine one mega-environment that comprised of 4 environments. None of the tested environments represented the ideal one for trial on genotype selection. The GGE biplot graphs enabled: (a) the detection of a stable genotype in terms of tree height (high and low), (b) the genotype evaluation by ranking with respect to the height and genotype stability, (c) determination of an ideal genotype, (d) the comparison of genotypes in 2 chosen environments.

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