Evaluation of the potential insecticide activity of Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae) essential oil against the head lice Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae)

Pediculosis is a disease caused by infestation of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) which is a blood-sucking obligate ectoparasite. The essential oil of durian fruit peel has active compounds that have the potential as vegetable pediculosides that can kill head lice. This study aimed to find the best concentration of essential oil from durian fruit peels that can kill head lice. The research design used with an essential oil concentration of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, distilled water as negative control and permethrin 1% as positive control, three repetitions and each concentration consisting of 10 flea tails. The parameters observed were the condition of lice morphologically based on the activity of limb movement, antenna movement and digestion, then the calculation of mortality was observed based on the time of the test. The results showed that the concentration of durian peel essential oil as an antipediculosis had a significant effect on the time of death of head lice, limb movement and digestion. The test result showed that the concentration is 100%, has a death time of 12 minutes 32 seconds, 75% concentration was 16 minutes 28 seconds, 50% concentration was 21 minutes 11 seconds, 25% concentration was 32 minutes 23 seconds, negative control was 61 minutes 15 seconds. The fastest time of death in positive control for chemical pediculosides was 10 minutes 15 seconds. The conclusion in this study was that essential oils the dominan one is 1,5-naphthyridin-2-amine were proven to kill head lice and the best concentration was close to positive control, namely at a concentration of 100%.

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MOLECULAR STUDY OF HUMAN HEAD LICE, PEDICULUS HUMANUS CAPITIS COMPARISON WITH GOAT SUCKING LICE, LINOGNATHUS STENOPSIS (BURMEISTER) STRAINS

Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.32649/ajas/2020/12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 132-139

Keyword(s):

Genetic Difference ◽

Human Head ◽

Molecular Study ◽

Head Lice ◽

Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽

School Students ◽

Pediculus Humanus ◽

Sucking Lice ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Amplicon Size

In this study, only (122) out of (915) primary school students were shown to be infected with head lice Pediculus. humanus capitis. The number and percentage of infected males were 46 (11.3%), while the number and percentage of infected females were 76 (14.9%). The results in our study also showed that the number and percentage of goats infected with goat sucking lice, Linognathus stenopsis was 70 (21.7%) of the total 322 animals, with the highest number and percentage among female goats 44 (62.9%) compared to the male goats 26 (37.1%). The study demonstrated that the rate of genetic difference between the studied samples was 89% and the similarity rate was 11%. Detection of OP-K01 gene pieces by PCR products showed that the amplicon size was 520 bp for P. humanus capitis isolated from humans, while the detection of OP-E20 and OP-M05 gene pieces with PCR product showed the lowest amplicon size 230 bp for Linognathus stenosis isolated from goats.

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Prevalence of Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation among schools workers in the Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hanadi B. Baghdadi ◽

Eltigani O.M. Omer ◽

Dina M. Metwally ◽

Rewaida Abdel-Gaber

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Head Lice ◽

Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽

Pediculus Humanus

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Do drowning and anoxia kill head lice?

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2018015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kerdalidec Candy ◽

Sophie Brun ◽

Patrick Nicolas ◽

Rémy Durand ◽

Remi N. Charrel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Respiratory System ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Control Group ◽

Head Lice ◽

Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽

Untreated Control Group ◽

Pediculus Humanus ◽

Hot Air ◽

Mechanical Methods

Chemical, physical, and mechanical methods are used to control human lice. Attempts have been made to eradicate head lice Pediculus humanus capitis by hot air, soaking in various fluids or asphyxiation using occlusive treatments. In this study, we assessed the maximum time that head lice can survive anoxia (oxygen deprivation) and their ability to survive prolonged water immersion. We also observed the ingress of fluids across louse tracheae and spiracle characteristics contrasting with those described in the literature. We showed that 100% of lice can withstand 8 h of anoxia and 12.2% survived 14 h of anoxia; survival was 48.9% in the untreated control group at 14 h. However, all lice had died following 16 h of anoxia. In contrast, the survival rate of water-immersed lice was significantly higher when compared with non-immersed lice after 6 h (100% vs. 76.6%, p = 0.0037), and 24 h (50.9% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.0003). Although water-immersed lice did not close their spiracles, water did not penetrate into the respiratory system. In contrast, immersion in colored dimeticone/cyclomethicone or colored ethanol resulted in penetration through the spiracles and spreading to the entire respiratory system within 30 min, leading to death in 100% of the lice.

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Pediculosis among the children of different social status in Dhaka

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology ◽

10.3329/bjz.v40i2.14310 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 175-181

Author(s):

Mt Tahmina Karim ◽

Sharmin Musa ◽

Hamida Khanum

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Social Status ◽

Social Classes ◽

Head Lice ◽

Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽

Pediculus Humanus ◽

Head Lice Infestation

The prevalence of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation was studied among the children (1 to 7 years) in the area of Mirpur Bihari Camp, Mirpur-11, Dhaka. A total of 300 children was examined from February 2011 to January 2012 and 59.67% prevalence of head lice infestation was observed. The prevalence of pediculosis was significantly higher (p<0.05) in seven years aged children and the prevalence was significantly (p<0.05) higher in girls (72.62%) than boys (43.18%). School going children had higher (p<0.05) prevalence compared to preschool group. According to socioeconomic status, head lice infestation occurred almost equally in all social classes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i2.14310 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(2): 175-181, 2012

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Ovicidal effect of essential oils from Zingiberaceae plants and Eucalytus globulus on eggs of head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer

Phytomedicine ◽

10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.050 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 93-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mayura Soonwera ◽

Orawan Wongnet ◽

Sirawut Sittichok

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Head Lice ◽

Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽

Pediculus Humanus ◽

Ovicidal Effect

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Genetic Diversity of Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Molecular Detection of Its Potential Associated Pathogens

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjz234 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 915-926

Author(s):

Aida Syafinaz Mokhtar ◽

Yee Ling Lau ◽

John-James Wilson ◽

Noraishah Mydin Abdul-Aziz

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Dna Barcoding ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Head Lice ◽

Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

Pediculosis Capitis ◽

Pediculus Humanus

Abstract Pediculosis capitis caused by Pediculus humanus capitis (De Geer) is endemic all over the world, and children are mostly affected, particularly those living in overcrowded institutions. Several studies have shown that P. h. capitis carried human pathogenic bacteria, suggesting the potential role of head lice in the transmission of pathogens to humans. In this study, we determined the genetic diversity of head lice collected from welfare homes sheltering underprivileged children by using DNA barcoding and demonstrated the presence of Acinetobacter spp., Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus aureus in head lice, which have never been investigated before in Malaysia. Cox1 DNA barcoding identified the head lice, P. h. capitis collected from welfare homes across two geographical areas of Peninsular Malaysia as belonging to clades A, B, and D. Acinetobacter bacteria: Acinetobacter guillouiae, Acinetobacter junii, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Acinetobacter nosocomialis were detected in head lice belonging to clades A and also D. In addition, DNA from S. marcescens and S. aureus were also detected in both clades A and D. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the genetic diversity of head lice in Malaysia through DNA barcoding, as well as the first to provide molecular evidence on the type of bacteria occurring in head lice in Malaysia. It is anticipated that the DNA barcoding technique used in this study will be able to provide rapid and accurate identification of arthropods, in particular, medically important ectoparasites.

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