scholarly journals Activity Test of Durian Peels Essential Oil (Durio zibethinus) as an Antipediculosis Against Pediculus humanus capitis Linn. (Anoplura: Pediculidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Yuli Wahyu Tri Mulyani ◽  
Siti Nurjanah ◽  
Samsuar Samsuar ◽  
Laila Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Limb Movement ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Blood Sucking

<p class="Judul1"><span lang="EN-US">Pediculosis is a disease caused by infestation of head lice (<em>Pediculus humanus capitis</em>) which is a blood-sucking obligate ectoparasite. The essential oil of durian fruit peel has active compounds that have the potential as vegetable pediculosides that can kill head lice. This study aimed to find the best concentration <span>of </span>essential oil from durian fruit peels that can kill head lice. The research design used with an essential oil concentration of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, distilled water as negative control and permethrin 1% as positive control, three repetitions and each concentration consisting of 10 flea tails. The parameters observed were the condition of lice morphologically based on the activity of limb movement, antenna movement and digestion, then the calculation of mortality was observed based on the time of the test. The results showed that the concentration of durian peel essential oil as an antipediculosis had a significant effect on the time of death of head lice, limb movement and digestion. The test result showed that the concentration is 100%, has a death time of 12 minutes <span>32 </span>seconds, 75% concentration was 16 minutes 28 seconds, 50% concentration was 21 minutes 11 seconds, 25% concentration was 32 minutes 23 seconds, negative control was 61 minutes 15 seconds. The fastest time of death in positive control for chemical pediculosides was 10 minutes 15 seconds. The conclusion in this study was that essential oils the dominan one is 1,5-naphthyridin-2-amine were proven to kill head lice and the best concentration was close to positive control, namely at a concentration of 100%.</span></p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kombinasi Buah Jeruk Nipis dan Buah Mengkudu Terhadap Mortalitas Pediculus humanus capitis

At-Taqaddum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Fitria Diniah Janah Sayekti ◽  
Muhammad Taufiq Qurrohman ◽  
Damar Ajeng Priyandari ◽  
Chris Srikandini
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Mortality Effect ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Natural Insecticides ◽  
Materials Used

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="right"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) greatly interferes with human activity because it can cause itching of the head, redness and severe infections. The use of natural insecticides is recommended, because natural insecticides are considered safer. Potential anti lice plants are lime and noni. The combination of the two is believed to have a more effective effect on head lice mortality. This study aims to study and determine the effect of a combination of lime juice and noni on the mortality of Pediculus humanus capitis. The concentration of lime and noni which are used are 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, respectively. The combination of test materials used was 25% limes 75% noni; 50% lime 50% noni; 75% lime and 25% noni, negative control and positive control. The combination of the extract of noni and lime juice had the highest mortality effect on Pediculus humanus capitis with a concentration of 25% combination of lime; 75% noni.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

scholarly journals IN VITRO OVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF COMBINATION Illicium verum EXTRACT AND COCONUT OIL AGAINST Pediculus humanus capitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Yunita Armiyanti ◽  
Anzil Aziza ◽  
Ika Rahmawati Sutejo
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Pediculosis Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Illicium Verum

Permethrin is still the main therapy for human head infestation Pediculosis capitis in several countries, including Indonesia. However, permethrin is not effective for the egg stage. Therefore, alternative therapy from herbs is needed for the treatment of head lice which is effective for both egg and adult stage. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of Illicium verum extract and coconut oil formula against eggs of head lice. An in vitro immersion test was applied with four treatment groups (Illicium verum extract and coconut oil formula with four different compositions) as well as a negative control group (distilled water) and a positive control group (permethrin 1%) against eggs of head lice. The eggs of head lice were immersed for 0.5, 1, or 2 min in 1 ml of each solution. Mortality rates of the eggs were recorded after 5 days of incubation. The formula of Illicium verum extract and palm oil with composition 60:40 had the best efficacy with a mortality rate of head lice eggs reached 86,67%, after immersion for 2 minutes. The combination of Illicium verum extract and coconut oil could be an alternative ovicide, but this formula requires precise composition which can be applied for Pediculus humanus capitis.

MOLECULAR STUDY OF HUMAN HEAD LICE, PEDICULUS HUMANUS CAPITIS COMPARISON WITH GOAT SUCKING LICE, LINOGNATHUS STENOPSIS (BURMEISTER) STRAINS

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-139
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
School Students ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Sucking Lice ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Amplicon Size

In this study, only (122) out of (915) primary school students were shown to be infected with head lice Pediculus. humanus capitis. The number and percentage of infected males were 46 (11.3%), while the number and percentage of infected females were 76 (14.9%). The results in our study also showed that the number and percentage of goats infected with goat sucking lice, Linognathus stenopsis was 70 (21.7%) of the total 322 animals, with the highest number and percentage among female goats 44 (62.9%) compared to the male goats 26 (37.1%). The study demonstrated that the rate of genetic difference between the studied samples was 89% and the similarity rate was 11%. Detection of OP-K01 gene pieces by PCR products showed that the amplicon size was 520 bp for P. humanus capitis isolated from humans, while the detection of OP-E20 and OP-M05 gene pieces with PCR product showed the lowest amplicon size 230 bp for Linognathus stenosis isolated from goats.

scholarly journals Do drowning and anoxia kill head lice?

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerdalidec Candy ◽  
Sophie Brun ◽  
Patrick Nicolas ◽  
Rémy Durand ◽  
Remi N. Charrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Mechanical Methods

Chemical, physical, and mechanical methods are used to control human lice. Attempts have been made to eradicate head lice Pediculus humanus capitis by hot air, soaking in various fluids or asphyxiation using occlusive treatments. In this study, we assessed the maximum time that head lice can survive anoxia (oxygen deprivation) and their ability to survive prolonged water immersion. We also observed the ingress of fluids across louse tracheae and spiracle characteristics contrasting with those described in the literature. We showed that 100% of lice can withstand 8 h of anoxia and 12.2% survived 14 h of anoxia; survival was 48.9% in the untreated control group at 14 h. However, all lice had died following 16 h of anoxia. In contrast, the survival rate of water-immersed lice was significantly higher when compared with non-immersed lice after 6 h (100% vs. 76.6%, p = 0.0037), and 24 h (50.9% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.0003). Although water-immersed lice did not close their spiracles, water did not penetrate into the respiratory system. In contrast, immersion in colored dimeticone/cyclomethicone or colored ethanol resulted in penetration through the spiracles and spreading to the entire respiratory system within 30 min, leading to death in 100% of the lice.

scholarly journals Pediculosis among the children of different social status in Dhaka

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Mt Tahmina Karim ◽  
Sharmin Musa ◽  
Hamida Khanum
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Head Lice Infestation

The prevalence of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation was studied among the children (1 to 7 years) in the area of Mirpur Bihari Camp, Mirpur-11, Dhaka. A total of 300 children was examined from February 2011 to January 2012 and 59.67% prevalence of head lice infestation was observed. The prevalence of pediculosis was significantly higher (p<0.05) in seven years aged children and the prevalence was significantly (p<0.05) higher in girls (72.62%) than boys (43.18%). School going children had higher (p<0.05) prevalence compared to preschool group. According to socioeconomic status, head lice infestation occurred almost equally in all social classes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i2.14310 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(2): 175-181, 2012

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) essential oil on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and cytotoxic effect on keratinocytes and fibroblasts

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1519
Author(s):  
Mailen Ortega Cuadros ◽  
Adriana Patricia Tofiño Rivera ◽  
Luciano Jose Merini ◽  
Maria Cecilia Martinez Pabon
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efficient Alternative

Dental caries is a pathology of multifactorial origin and currently natural products are an efficient alternative treatment; The work sought to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and the citral and myrcene components against Streptococcus mutans ATCC UA159, as well as their cytotoxicity on keratinocytes and human fibroblasts. The viability effect against Streptococcus mutans on biofilms was evaluated through exposure to the three substances by using the MBEC technique-high-throughput at concentrations of 1, 0.1, and 0.01 µg/mL and chlorhexidine as positive control. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated on keratinocytes and fibroblasts through the MTT reduction technique, using 0.5 mM H2O2 as cell-death control (negative control) and ethanol 1% as vehicle control (positive control). The three substances evaluated had effects on the viability of Streptococcus mutans with mortality between 74% and 96%, without significant difference among them (p > 0.393); additionally, no cytotoxicity was evident on keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a 24-h treatment. The substances evaluated showed significant antimicrobial effects; hence, these should be studied further as potential co-adjuvants to prevent dental caries that cause minor adverse effects

Genetic Diversity of Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Molecular Detection of Its Potential Associated Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-926
Author(s):  
Aida Syafinaz Mokhtar ◽  
Yee Ling Lau ◽  
John-James Wilson ◽  
Noraishah Mydin Abdul-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Pediculosis Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus

Abstract Pediculosis capitis caused by Pediculus humanus capitis (De Geer) is endemic all over the world, and children are mostly affected, particularly those living in overcrowded institutions. Several studies have shown that P. h. capitis carried human pathogenic bacteria, suggesting the potential role of head lice in the transmission of pathogens to humans. In this study, we determined the genetic diversity of head lice collected from welfare homes sheltering underprivileged children by using DNA barcoding and demonstrated the presence of Acinetobacter spp., Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus aureus in head lice, which have never been investigated before in Malaysia. Cox1 DNA barcoding identified the head lice, P. h. capitis collected from welfare homes across two geographical areas of Peninsular Malaysia as belonging to clades A, B, and D. Acinetobacter bacteria: Acinetobacter guillouiae, Acinetobacter junii, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Acinetobacter nosocomialis were detected in head lice belonging to clades A and also D. In addition, DNA from S. marcescens and S. aureus were also detected in both clades A and D. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the genetic diversity of head lice in Malaysia through DNA barcoding, as well as the first to provide molecular evidence on the type of bacteria occurring in head lice in Malaysia. It is anticipated that the DNA barcoding technique used in this study will be able to provide rapid and accurate identification of arthropods, in particular, medically important ectoparasites.

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