Screening of epileptic seizures in children and adolescents with hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunt

OBJECTIVES: To assess the occurrence of epileptic seizures (ES) in children and adolescents with hydrocephalus and their relationship with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) treatment. METHODS: Retrospective study of 45 patients from both genders, aged 0 to 18 years, with hydrocephalus and presenting with ES or not. The following variables were analyzed: gender, hydrocephalus etiology, age at diagnosis, age at initial VPS treatment, age at first ES and types of ES. RESULTS: Data analysis showed the following: 20 (44.4%) presented with ES, 13 (65%) of the girls and seven (35%) of the boys. There was a predominance of ES in the girls, but with no statistically significant difference. In total, 13 (65%) patients used VPS. Of the 13 patients with VPS and ES, it was observed that the onset of ES was after VPS in 10 (76.9%) individuals, whereas it occurred before VPS in two (15.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed no association between VPS treatment and ES (ρ=0.832); however, most of the patients presented with their first ES episode after VPS, suggesting a possible relationship between this treatment and the occurrence of ES. A larger sample and a prospective study might answer this question.

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Primary pterygium is not associated with corneal endothelial cell decrease in a rural Chinese population

10.21203/rs.2.9859/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yijun Hu ◽

Alp Atik ◽

Li Li ◽

Wei Qi ◽

Zhenhao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Corneal Endothelial Cell Density ◽

The Difference ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Primary Pterygium

Abstract Purpose: To investigate corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) in eyes with primary pterygium. Methods: We first conducted a retrospective study to compare the ECD between 1670 eyes with primary pterygium and 4060 eyes without pterygium. Then we designed a prospective study to confirm the findings of our retrospective study in 95 patients with unilateral primary pterygium. Results: In the retrospective study, the mean ECD in eyes with primary pterygium (2453±306 cells/mm2) was significantly lower than those in eyes without pterygium (2529±313 cells/mm2, P<0.0001). However, the difference was not as high as previously reported (76 cells/mm2, 3.1%). In the prospective study, there was no significant difference in mean ECD in eyes with unilateral primary pterygium (2480±263 cells/mm2) and the contralateral eyes with no pterygium (2527±277 cells/mm2, P=0.20). There was also no significant difference in hexagonality (P=0.10) or coefficient of variation of size (P=0.15) of corneal endothelial cells between eyes with pterygium and the contralateral eyes with no pterygium. Conclusion: Primary pterygium may not be associated with a decrease in ECD in our study population of rural Chinese patients.

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Subtle changes of the crystalline lens after cycloplegia: a retrospective study

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-021-01884-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cheng Dai ◽

Meng Liu ◽

Xiaodong Lv ◽

Binzhong Li

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Population Change ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Crystalline Lens ◽

Equivalent Diameter ◽

Crystalline Morphology ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shape of the crystalline lens in terms of biometry and diopters before and after cycloplegia using the CASIA2 swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) system on the anterior segment. Methods This was a retrospective study. Children and adolescents (26 males and 29 females, aged 4–21 years) with simple ametropia were selected for optometry and CASIA2 imaging at 2 separate visits before and after cycloplegia. Diopter values were derived from the spherical power (S) obtained by optometry. Biometric parameters of the crystalline lens, including the anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior and posterior curvature of the lens (ACL and PCL), lens thickness (LTH), lens decentration (LD), lens tilt (LT), and equivalent diameter of the lens (LED), were measured by the CASIA2 system. The differences in these parameters after compared with before cycloplegia were determined, and their relationships were analyzed. Results Fifty-five participants (106 eyes) were initially enrolled. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the S (t=-7.026, P < 0.001), ACD (t=-8.796, P < 0.001), ACL (t=-13.263, P < 0.001) and LTH (t = 7.363, P < 0.001) after compared with before cycloplegia. The change in the PCL (t = 1.557, P = 0.122), LD (t = 0.876, P = 0.383), LT (t = 0.440, P = 0.661) and LED (t=-0.351, P = 0.726) was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was a significant (P < 0.05) correlation of the change in the S with that in the ACL (r = 0.466, P < 0.001), LTH (r=-0.592, P < 0.001), and LED (r = 0.223, P = 0.021) but not the PCL (r = 0.19, P = 0.051), LD (r=-0.048, P = 0.0628) or LT (r=-0.022, P = 0.822). Furthermore, the change in the ACD was closely related to the change in crystalline morphology. However, in children and adolescents, we found that the change in crystalline morphology was unrelated to age. Conclusions Changes in lens morphology after compared with before cycloplegia are mainly related to the ACL and LTH, but there is no difference in the PCL, LD, LT, or LED. In the adolescent population, change in the S is related to change in the ACL, LED and LTH. However, age is unrelated to the shape and tendency of the crystalline lens. Further research is required to determine whether the same conclusion applies to different age groups and different refractive states (myopia, hyperopia, emmetropia) .

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Tumor Tissue MIR92a and Plasma MIRs21 and 29a as Predictive Biomarkers Associated with Clinicopathological Features and Surgical Resection in a Prospective Study on Colorectal Cancer Patients

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9082509 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 2509

Author(s):

Masahiro Fukada ◽

Nobuhisa Matsuhashi ◽

Takao Takahashi ◽

Nobuhiko Sugito ◽

Kazuki Heishima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Surgical Resection ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Lymphatic Invasion ◽

Clinicopathological Features ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Sample Type ◽

Significant Difference ◽

A Prospective Study

Cancer-related microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the levels of tissue and plasma miRNAs and clinicopathological characteristics and surgical resection. This study was a prospective study of CRC patients who underwent surgery. Forty-four sample pairs of tissue and plasma were analyzed. The miRNA levels were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The level of tumor tissue MIR92a showed a significant difference in CRC with lymph node metastasis, stage ≥ III, and high lymphatic invasion. In preoperative plasma, there were significant differences in CRC with stage ≥ III (MIR29a) and perineural invasion (MIR21). In multivariate analysis of lymphatic invasion, the levels of both preoperative plasma MIR29a and tumor tissue MIR92a showed significant differences. Furthermore, in cases with higher plasma miRNA level, the levels of plasma MIRs21 and 29a were significantly decreased after the operation. In this study, there were significant differences in miRNAs levels with respect to the sample type, clinicopathological features, and surgical resection. The levels of tumor tissue MIR92a and preoperative plasma MIR29a may have the potential as a biomarker for prognosis. The plasma MIRs21 and 29a level has the potential to be a predictive biomarker for treatment efficacy.

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P–542 Relationship between the single nucleotides polymorphisms in Mitochondrial Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Hydride dehydrogenase (NADH) Subunit 4 gene (MT-ND4) and male infertility

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/deab130.541 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

F Dahadhah ◽

M. Sale Jaweesh ◽

M. Sali. A Zoubi ◽

M Issa. Ab. Alarjah ◽

M Ei Hammadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Male Infertility ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Genetic Disorders ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Repair Mechanisms ◽

A Prospective Study

Abstract Study question Is there any association between male infertility and the polymorphic variants of Mitochondrial Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Hydride dehydrogenase (NADH) Subunit 4 (MT-ND4)? Summary answer Our findings suggested that male infertility was correlated to rs2853495 and rs869096886 SNPs in MTND4. What is known already The rate of mutations in the mtDNA, the powerhouse of the cell, is high due to the lack of histones and DNA repair mechanisms. Therefore, mutations that occur in the mitochondrial genome, play a major role in some human genetic disorders. 15 - 30% of male infertility are related to genetic predisposition. Sperm containing defective mitochondria cannot effectively produce ATP and more likely to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals, thereby causing a defect in mtDNA, make trouble energy, and deteriorate motility and fertility. Study design, size, duration: A prospective study carried out between 2018 and 2019. 112 semen samples were collected in this study. Participants/materials, setting, methods The present study was carried out at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Saarland, Germany. Samples were divided into 68 subfertile and 44 fertile men. Mitochondrial DNA was extracted using a QIAamp DNA Mini Kit, after that the mtDNA was amplified by using REPLI-g Mitochondrial DNA Kit. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify MT-ND4 gene. Then, samples were purified and sequenced using the Sanger method in the Microsynth Seq lab, Germany. Main results and the role of chance The genotypes frequencies of the study population showed a statistically significant association between rs2853495 G>A (Gly320Gly) and male infertility (P = 0.0351). Similarly, the allele frequency test showed that rs2853495 G>A (Gly320Gly) and rs869096886 A>G (Leu164Leu) were significantly associated with male infertility (adjusted OR = 2.616, 95% CI = 1.374 - 4.983, P = 0.0028; adjusted OR = 2.237, 95% CI = 1.245 - 4.017, P = 0.0073, respectively). On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was observed between the asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, teratozoospermia, asthenoteratozoospermia, oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, oligoteratozoospermia subgroups of subfertile males and the fertile ones. Limitations, reasons for caution The size number of the study samples. Wider implications of the findings: A larger prospective study will be required to confirm these associations of mitochondrial gene polymorphisms rs2853495 and rs869096886 in MT-ND4 and male infertility and to clarify the definite effect of the mitochondrial genetic variations on male infertility. Trial registration number Not applicable

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Gastroesophageal Reflux and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Prospective Study

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina47040028 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ahmed Fahim ◽

Peter Dettmar ◽

Alyn Morice ◽

Simon Hart

Keyword(s):

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Extraesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Symptoms ◽

Significant Difference ◽

H Pylori ◽

A Prospective Study

Background and Objective. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. There is evidence of the increased prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with IPF. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate reflux in patients with IPF by analyzing the scores of the reflux cough questionnaire, measurement of pepsin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) to detect extraesophageal reflux, and Helicobacter pylori serology to evaluate the prevalence of this stomach bacterium in patients with IPF. Material and Methods. The Hull airway reflux questionnaire (HARQ) was completed by 40 patients with IPF and 50 controls in order to evaluate reflux symptoms. EBC was collected from 23 patients (17 patients with IPF and 6 controls) for measurement of pepsin by the lateral flow technique. A prospective study of 57 subjects (34 patients with IPF and 23 controls) for H. pylori antibody detection by ELISA was performed. Results. Significantly higher HARQ scores (maximum score, 70) were recorded in patients with IPF compared with controls (19.6 [SD, 12.4] vs. 3 [SD, 2.9], P<0.001). There was no significant difference in EBC pepsin positivity between patients with IPF and controls (2 of the 17 patients vs. none of the 6 controls, P=0.38). There was no significant difference in H. pylori serology between patients with IPF and controls (17 of the 34 patients vs. 14 of the 23 controls, P=0.42). Conclusion. Patients with IPF had significantly increased scores of airway reflux symptoms. However, no objective evidence of extraesophageal reflux or H. pylori infection in patients with IPF was obtained in this study. The role of gastroesophageal and extraesophageal reflux in pathogenesis of IPF should be evaluated in a larger prospective study.

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Retinal Vascular Fractal Dimension and Risk of Early Diabetic Retinopathy: A prospective study of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc09-0719 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 32 (11) ◽

pp. 2081-2083 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

S. W. Lim ◽

N. Cheung ◽

J. J. Wang ◽

K. C. Donaghue ◽

G. Liew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Fractal Dimension ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

A Prospective Study

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A prospective study on outcome of function after proximal row carpectomy

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20195565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Chaitanya Gadi ◽

S. M. Venugopal ◽

Bhaskaranand Kumar ◽

Karthik Gudaru

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Neuromuscular Disorders ◽

Wrist Flexion ◽

Proximal Row Carpectomy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Traumatic Arthritis

Background: Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) is a procedure with varied indications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate functional outcomes with PRC in wrist flexion deformities, neuromuscular disorders and also post-traumatic wrist arthritis.Methods: A prospective study was performed on all patients who underwent PRC between April 2015 and December 2017, in BIRRD (T) hospital, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh with a minimum follow up of 6 months. Outcome was assessed in terms of range of motion (ROM), grip strength, quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (QDASH) score and pain score. Data was analyzed using the Student t-test.Results: Thirty-two patients underwent PRC of which 12 are neuromuscular disorders, 10 are wrist flexion deformities, 10 are post-traumatic wrist arthritis. On the final follow-up, significant improvement in ROM was observed in wrist flexion deformities and neuromuscular disorders, whereas grip strength and QDASH scores showed a significant difference in post-traumatic wrist arthritis. Pain was studied only in post-traumatic wrist arthritis, all were very much pleased with pain reduction.Conclusions: PRC is fairly a reliable procedure for all the indications in our study. We consider that PRC is a promising procedure in correcting wrist flexion deformities. Though there has been significant improvement in all the parameters for all the cases, we consider this procedure is best suited for post-traumatic arthritis group.

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Steatocrit Value in New-Born Babies

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.190-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (7-8) ◽

pp. 190-3

Author(s):

Johnwan Usman ◽

Irfan Abdullah ◽

Muhazar Muhazar ◽

Atan Baas Sinuhaji ◽

A. H. Sutanto

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Prospective Study ◽

The Body ◽

Milk Formula ◽

Preterm Newborn ◽

Formula Milk ◽

Diet Patterns ◽

Significant Difference ◽

A Prospective Study

A prospective study on steatocrit value in full-term or preterm newborn babies of~ 2 days of age in Dr. Pimgadi Hospital, Medan is reported. This study was conducted from December 7, 1992, to February 7, 1993; there were 72 newborn babies (37 males and 35 females). The body weight was> 2500 gin 60 babies and s. 2500 gin 12 babies. The median steatocrit value in babies with body weight of> 2500 g was 9%, and it was 32% in babies less than 2500 g of body weight. The proportion of babies with > 25% steatocrit value was larger in babies less than 2500 g than that in 2500 g by the diet patterns of breast milk, breast milk and milk formula, milk formula. The proportion of babies with < 25% steatocrit value was higher in babies with body weight of< 2500 g than that in babies > 2500 g for those who had either breast milk, breast milk and milk formula or milk formula. There was significant difference (p<0,05) in the steatocrit levels between babies with the body weight of > 2500 g and those who had body weight of ≤ 2500 g.

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The value of therapeutic planning and the degree of experience of the surgical team on the results of cancer treatment of the larynx and hypopharynx

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31801995000500004 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 113 (5) ◽

pp. 983-986

Author(s):

Marcos Brasilino de Carvalho ◽

Abrão Rapoport ◽

Antônio Sérgio Fava ◽

José Francisco de Góis Filho ◽

José Francisco Salles Chagas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Surgical Team ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Surgeon Experience ◽

Carcinoma Of The Larynx ◽

Operative Complications ◽

Operative Evaluation ◽

Permanent Staff ◽

A Prospective Study

This is a prospective study supported by 170 cases of epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx or hypopharynx, treated during the period from January of 1981 to January of 1988, at the Head and Neck Surgery Service of the Heliópolis Hospital Complex, São Paulo. The objective of this project was to evaluate the importance of surgeon experience with regard to the rates of post-operative complications and the rates of relapse and survival. The results of the 8 surgical specialists who integrate the permanent staff at the institute and who different varying degrees of experience with regard to time spent exercising their specialties were compared. The results obtained did not show a significant difference among the various surgeons, and this uniformity is explained by the fact that all the therapeutic planning was elaborated through consensus of the whole group, and this could have minimized the effect of experience of a surgeon responsible for the operation. The authors emphasize the importance of pre-operative evaluation for good results and propose that it is in the direction of complete mastery of preliminary work in the area that programs for the formation of new specialists should be directed.

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