scholarly journals Effect of temperature on polyunsaturated fatty acid accumulation in soybean seeds

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Cristina Lanna ◽  
Inês Chamel José ◽  
Maria Goreti de Almeida Oliveira ◽  
Everaldo Gonçalves Barros ◽  
Maurilio Alves Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Linolenic Acid Content ◽  
Development Stages

Soybean oil contains around 60 % of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are responsible for the low oxidative stability of soy-derived products. Soybean lines with low linolenic acid content can be obtained by genetic manipulation; however, a high proportion of the variation in fatty acids content is due to environmental factors. This work aimed to determine the effect of temperature on oil composition and on the activity of the enzymes CDP-choline:1,2-diacylglycerolcholine phosphotransferase (CPT) and acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT), responsible for maintenance of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the cytoplasmic acyl-CoA pool, that is used for oil synthesis in the seeds. CAC-1, a soybean variety with linolenic acid content of about 8 % and CC4, a BC3F4 CAC-1 derived line, with about 4 % linolenic acid, were used. The lines were cultivated under two temperature: 34/28ºC or 22/13ºC - day/night. The seeds were collected along seven development stages, according to their fresh weight. Fatty acid analysis was carried out by gas chromatography and CPT and LPCAT activities were determined by measuring the radioactivity incorporated in their products, phosphatidyl-[14C]choline and phosphatidylcholine-[14C]oleoyl, respectively. Linolenic acid contents were 3.89 and 6.92 % for line CC4 and 7.39 and 12.49 % for variety CAC-1, when submitted to high and low temperature conditions, respectively. Both enzymes were more active, in the development stages analyzed, in seeds produced under low temperature. Kinetics characterization of CPT and LPCAT were conducted previously.

Effect of transplanting date on the fatty acid composition, oil content and yield of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) seed

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Roy ◽  
Peter H. White ◽  
Alex F. More ◽  
John G. Hendel ◽  
Robert Pocs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Linolenic Acid Content ◽  
Oenothera Biennis ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
One Year

The influence of transplanting time on the growth of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) was investigated for 3 yr. Delaying transplanting reduced the yield of seed in two of these years. The amount of oil in the seed was not influenced by time of transplanting, and only in one year did the γ-linolenic acid content of the oil decrease with delays in transplanting. Key words: Evening primrose, transplanting date, oil content, γ-linolenic acid

scholarly journals The Decrease of n-3 Fatty Acid Energy Percentage in an Equicaloric Diet Fed to B6C3Fe Mice for Three Generations Elicits Obesity

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Hanbauer ◽  
Ignacio Rivero-Covelo ◽  
Ekrem Maloku ◽  
Adam Baca ◽  
Qiaoyan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Standard Diet

Feeding mice, over 3 generations, an equicaloric diet in which α-linolenic acid, the dietary precursor of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, was substituted by linoleic acid, the dietary precursor of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, significantly increased body weight throughout life when compared with standard diet-fed mice. Adipogenesis observed in the low n-3 fatty acid mice was accompanied by a 6-fold upregulation of stearyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (Scd1), whose activity is correlated to plasma triglyceride levels. In total liver lipid and phospholipid extracts, the sum of n-3 fatty acids and the individual longer carbon chain acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3), docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n3), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3) were significantly decreased whereas arachidonic acid (20:4n6) was significantly increased. In addition, low n-3 fatty acid-fed mice had liver steatosis, heart, and kidney hypertrophy. Hence, reducing dietary α-linolenic acid, from 1.02 energy% to 0.16 energy% combined with raising linoleic acid intake resulted in obesity and had detrimental consequences on organ function.

scholarly journals Poultry meat production as a functional food with a voluntary n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schneideroá ◽  
J. Zelenka ◽  
E. Mrkvicová
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

We studied the effect of different levels of linseed oils made either of the flax cultivar Atalante with a high content of &alpha;-linolenic acid (612 g/kg) or of the cultivar Lola with a predominating content of linoleic acid (708 g/kg) in a chicken diet upon the fatty acid pattern in meat. Cockerels Ross 308 were fed the diets containing 1, 3, 5 or 7 per cent of oil in the last 15 days of fattening. Breast meat (BM) and thigh meat (TM) without skin of 8 chickens from each dietary group were used for analyses. The relative proportions of fatty acids were expressed as percentages of total determined fatty acids. When feeding Atalante oil, the proportions of n-6 fatty acids were highly significantly lower while those of n-3 fatty acids were higher; the ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in meat was narrower (<i>P</i> < 0.001) than in chickens fed oil with a low content of &alpha;-linolenic acid. In BM and TM, the relative proportions of &alpha;-linolenic and &gamma;-linolenic acids were nearly the same, the proportion of linoleic acid in BM was lower, and the proportions of the other polyunsaturated fatty acids in BM were higher than in TM. In BM, the ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.001) more favourable than that found in TM. The relative proportions of total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in meat decreased and those of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in dependence on the increasing level of dietary oils. When feeding Atalante oil, a significant increase in the proportion of linoleic acid in BM but not in TM was observed. The proportions of the other n-6 fatty acids decreased and those of all determined n-3 fatty acids, with the exception of docosahexaenoic acid, significantly increased with the increasing level of oil in the diet. When feeding Lola oil, its increasing content in the diet increased the relative proportion of linoleic acid as well as its elongation to &gamma;-linolenic acid; however, the proportions of arachidonic and adrenic acid did not change significantly (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The proportion of &alpha;-linolenic acid increased in both BM and TM. The proportion of eicosapentaenoic and clupanodonic acids in BM significantly decreased. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ranged from 0.9 to 13.6 and from 1.0 to 17.2 in BM and TM, respectively. An increase in the level of Lola oil in the diet by 1% caused that the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio extended by 1.00 and 1.19 units in BM and TM, respectively. Dependences of n-6/n-3 ratio on the level of Atalante oil were expressed by equations of convex parabolas with minima at the level of oil 5.8 and 5.9% for BM and TM, respectively. By means of the inclusion of linseed oil with a high content of &alpha;-linolenic acid in the feed mixture it would be possible to produce poultry meat as a functional food with a very narrow ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Age and temperature effects on saturation of leaf fatty acids of Saxifraga cernua, an arctic herb

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1018-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverley A. H. Marie ◽  
W. Raymond Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Linolenic Acid Content ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Entire Life Cycle ◽  
Saxifraga Cernua ◽  
Palmitic Acids

Leaves from 90-day-old Saxifraga cernua plants which had been grown at 10 °C had more linolenic acid and less linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids than did leaves from plants grown at 20 °C. When the linolenic acid content of the leaves was measured over the entire life cycle, the plants reached 66 days of age before the linolenic acid content was greater in 10 °C-grown plants than in 20 °C-grown plants. Plants grown at 20 °C, which had been shifted to 10 °C for 4 days, generally had more linolenic acid than plants grown continually at 20 °C, but there were few statistically significant differences. Larger increases tended to occur in plants which were older than 58 days at the time of the temperature shift. The corresponding shift of 10 °C-grown plants to 20 °C for 4 days resulted in inconsistent differences in linolenic acid content.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in the fatty acid profile of milk from yaks grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luming Ding ◽  
Yupeng Wang ◽  
Michael Kreuzer ◽  
Xusheng Guo ◽  
Jiandui Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Yak Milk ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Tibetan Herders

An experiment was conducted to study the seasonal changes in the fatty acid profile of milk from yaks (Bos grunniens) when kept at altitudes of 3000 m above sea level (a.s.l.) and higher. Data and samples were collected in summer (July), autumn (September), winter (November) and spring (March) from ten lactating yaks (four in spring). The yaks grazed pastures adjacent to the farm building throughout the year. In spring only they received 0·6 kg crop by-products per day (dry matter basis). Fresh alpine grasses, available in summer and autumn, showed high concentrations of α-linolenic acid (46–51 g/100 g lipids) compared with the dry, yellow vegetation of winter and spring (16 g/100 g lipids). In autumn and summer, the milk fat had higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids than in winter. These polyunsaturated fatty acids were comprised of vaccenic acid, rumenic acid and α-linolenic acid, which are all considered beneficial to human health. The rare fatty acid, γ-linolenic acid, was also detected in yak milk, especially in the milk obtained in spring. The results suggest that yak milk, which is the most important basic food of the Tibetan herders, has the most favourable fatty acid profile when yaks grazed green pasture, which also corresponds to the period of highest milk production.

scholarly journals Fatty acid content in fish gastronomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (213) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Olga Timofeeva ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila Belysheva ◽  
Irina Avsyankina ◽  
Olga Likhoshva
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Trade Network

Based on the analysis of the fatty acid composition of fish gastronomy, presented in the Minsk trade network, data on the content of saturated, monounsaturated and ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their ratio were obtained.

scholarly journals Analyse der Fettsäurenzusammensetzung des Rohfettes von Prüffutter für Schweine (Kurzmitteilung)

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
S. Müller ◽  
W. Reichardt ◽  
H. Hartung ◽  
B. Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Paper Analysis

Abstract. Title of the paper: Analysis of the fatty acid composition of the raw fat from the feed of pigs which are examined to her performance (short communication) The raw fat of 14 examining feeds from 13 German performance testing centres for pigs was extracted 2001 and analysed for the fatty acid composition by means of gas chromatography. Besides a great variation of the raw fat content (s % = 42) was to state that with 14.4 g/kg feed on average the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was high. Examinations of the raw fat of wheat, rye and barley showed that the high proportions in linoleic and linolenic acid are brought in the fattening rations primarily by the cereal components. A limitation of the PUFA proportions below 15 g/kg feed therefore doesn't seem to be practicable in the examining feed of performance testing centres for pigs. The additional variation in the fatty acid composition of examining feeds caused by added fats or oils should however be limited according to a better standardization.

scholarly journals Determination of fatty acid and tocopherol compositions and the oxidative stability of walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars grown in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rabrenovic ◽  
E. Dimic ◽  
M. Maksimovic ◽  
S. Sobajic ◽  
L. Gajic-Krstajic
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Rancimat Method

Five cultivars (Sampion, Jupiter, Sejnovo, Elit, and Geisenheim 139) of walnuts (Juglans regia L.) were collected during the 2008 harvest, from Cacak, Central Serbia. Two techniques of oil extraction were implemented &ndash; cold pressing and organic solvent extraction. The influence of the implemented methods on the fatty acid composition, tocopherol content as well as oxidative stability was examined. Predominant fatty acids were palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. The oleic acid content of the oils ranged from 15.9&ndash;23.7% of the total fatty acids, while the linoleic acid content ranged from 57.2&ndash;65.1% and that of linolenic acid from 9.1&ndash;13.6%. The process of oil extraction had no significant effect on the content and composition of fatty acids in the oil. The total content of tocopherols ranged from 28.40 mg/100 g to 42.40 mg/100 g of the extracted oil. The most common tocopherol in all samples was &gamma;-tocopherol. The oil extracted using the Soxhlet method contained higher amounts of total tocopherols while the stability of the oil samples, expresed as induction period, ranged from 5.0 h to 7.1 hours. Reduced stability of the oil samples as measured by the Rancimat method was negatively correlated with the level of linolenic acid and total content of tocopherols.

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