Pediatric dentistry during rooming-in care: evaluation of an innovative project for promoting oral health

According to the current paradigm for promoting health, dental care should be a consideration from the first months of life, or even before birth. The aim of this paper is to evaluate mothers' knowledge of and attitude toward their babies' oral health after receiving guidance during the neonatal period. Forty-six mothers were contacted and asked about the advice they had received and how they felt about the information provided. The mothers recruited for the study were divided into two groups, A (n=25) and B (n=21), according to the time elapsed since their participation in the project, that is, less than or equal to three months and more than three months, respectively. A Wilcoxom rank sum test did not show any statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Guidance on the baby's oral hygiene, breastfeeding the baby exclusively until the sixth month, as well as the restrictions imposed on sugar intake were what the mothers remembered most. Recommendations concerning good arch development and the use of bottles were what mothers remembered least. Regarding infant oral health, it would be advisable to schedule prenatal and neonatal visits, with the second post-natal consultation no later than four months after childbirth.

Download Full-text

Oral Home Care and the Reasons for Seeking Dental Care by Individuals on Renal Dialysis

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-3-2-31 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 31-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Farhad Atassi

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Home Care ◽

Dental Care ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Renal Dialysis ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Oral Health Promotion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Care Practices

Abstract A cross-sectional study of 90 patients on renal dialysis was conducted to assess oral home care practices and the reasons for seeking dental care among these patients. Participants were divided into three groups based on the time they have been on renal dialysis. The groups were: (1) dialysis for less than one year, (2) dialysis for 1 to 3 years, and (3) dialysis for more than 3 years. Information regarding oral home care such as frequency of brushing, oral hygiene aids, and reasons for seeking dental care was obtained through a personal interview with the patients. Their oral health status was assessed using a plaque index and a gingival index. The means of plaque index were 1.716 (S.D 0.64), 2.161 (S.D 0.36), and 2.255 (S.D 0.42) respectively for the groups. The means of gingival index were 1.4278 (S.D 0.67), 1.9667 (S.D 0.38), and 2.0556 (S.D 0.35) for the three groups respectively. Tukey's post hoc test showed significant difference in both the indices between first and second groups and between the first and third groups, no significant difference was found between the second and third groups. The results indicate that oral home care practices were inadequate due to the presence of an unacceptable level of oral hygiene among the patients. Miswak (a wooden, Salvadora persica, chewing stick that is popular in the middle east to mechanically clean the teeth) has been found to be popular among the subjects. The primary purpose of dental clinic visits was for treatment of a dental problem rather than for the prevention of dental disease. There is a need for oral health promotion and especially prevention programs among the patients on renal dialysis. Citation Atassi F. Oral Home Care and the Reasons for Seeking Dental Care by Individuals on Renal Dialysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 May;(3)2: 031-041.

Download Full-text

Preventive Dental Care: The Role of the Pediatrician

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.80.1.107 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 107-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Henry J. Herrmann ◽

Michael W. Roberts

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Dental Care ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Dental Disease ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Preventive Dental Care ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Dental Profession

The pediatrician can assist the dental profession in preventing dental disease and maintaining the oral health of children. Pediatricians are urged to counsel parents in dietary and oral hygiene practices that will prevent dental caries and to refer patients for professional dental care when appropriate. Systemic fluoride supplements should be prescribed when needed but only after a careful review of requirements and daily consumption.

Download Full-text

MO239ORAL FUNGAL INFECTION IN ESRD PATIENTS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab092.00117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

MohanKumar Nedunchezhiyan ◽

Afza Anjum ◽

Nandita Shenoy ◽

Rohith Nayak

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Fungal Infection ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Prognostic Index ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Oral Lesions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cytological Changes

Abstract Background and Aims Chronic Kidney Disease is an increasing health alarm worldwide with systemic signs like hematologic changes, bone metabolic error, and compromised immune status presenting to a dental practitioner with oral complications. Hence a study was done to assess the oral health condition, cytological changes, and presence or absence of candida in patients with chronic renal disease undergoing dialysis aged between 30 to 65 years and controls in South India. Method A cross sectional study was conducted among 80 adults with CKD and controls, attending KMC and MCODS, Mangalore. Oral manifestations and oral hygiene were assessed; Cytological smears were taken for morphometric analysis of buccal mucosal cells from the subjects. Oral smears were cultured to check for the growth of fungal species in subjects and controls. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 13. Chi square test was used to compare categorical variables between the groups. Results There was a significant difference in oral hygiene status and cytological changes in patients with CKD. Oral Fungal Infection was found in 32% of our patients on dialysis and oral lesions, defined as clinical signs associated with OFI such as erythematous oral stomatitis, membranous candidiasis, or angular cheilitis, were found in 37% of the patients with OFI, while 5% of the patients without findings of fungal infection presented oral lesions associated with OFI (p=0.0002). Furthermore, patients with self-reported mouth dryness were three times more likely (p=0.02) to be diagnosed with OFI. Conclusion Hemodialysis patients are found to have significantly more OFI than controls. Oral dryness and dental plaque formation also seem to be at risk of developing OFI. Detection of oral lesions associated with OFI should be combined with a histopathological diagnosis before antifungal treatment. The prevalence of oral candida in these cases is alarming and can be a predictor of a poor prognostic index. As medicine advances, oral health care professionals should have a holistic approach to the management of patients with complex medical problems especially to diseases of the renal system as it is pivotal in maintaining a stable internal environment and homeostasis.

Download Full-text

Impacto de Ações Educacionais Sobre o Índice de Higiene Bucal de Escolares de um Município do Sul do Brasil

Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde ◽

10.17921/1415-6938.2020v24n3p211-218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 211-218

Author(s):

Letícia Ribeiro Coqueiro Barros ◽

Danielle Gregorio ◽

Márjori Frítola Yokoyama ◽

Alessandra Vaz Pinto Hapner ◽

Gabriela Fleury Seixas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Oral Health ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

San Diego ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Motivational Strategies ◽

Oral Health Promotion ◽

Dental Biofilm ◽

Parametric Data ◽

Significant Difference

Para evitar doenças como cárie dentária e problemas periodontais é importante estimular hábitos de higiene bucal adequados para que o biofilme seja eficientemente removido pelos indivíduos. O presente estudo objetivou-se a comparar o índice de higiene bucal de um grupo de crianças antes e após estratégias motivacionais de higiene bucal e promoção de saúde. A amostra foi constituída por 43 crianças, 10 a 15 anos, de uma escola pública. Os dentes foram evidenciados com fucsina e o índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHOS) foi avaliado, por um único pesquisador, 7 dias antes (IHOS-1) e 60 dias após (IHOS-2) a uma estratégia de motivação educacional em saúde bucal. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se GraphPad Prism 6 (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, EUA), teste de normalidade D’Agostino & Pearson seguido do teste Wilcoxon para dados não paramétricos, e para paramétricos teste T-Student. Foi possível observar uma redução significativa da presença de biofilme (p = 0,028), principalmente no dente 26 (p = 0,023), enfatizando que após a realização de estratégias de promoção de saúde bucal são eficazes. Tanto no IHOS-1 quanto no IHOS-2, a arcada superior foi a arcada com maior presença de biofilme evidenciado (p < 0,001). Em relação aos gêneros, não houve diferença significante entre cada avaliação, no entanto, o gênero feminino apresentou redução significante dos valores do índice (p = 0,003). Conclui-se que as estratégias educativas- motivacionais, tendo como foco o controle do biofilme dental, impactaram positivamente na prática de higiene bucal pelos escolares. Palavras-chave: Crianças. Saúde Bucal. Higiene Bucal. Placa Dental. Abstract To avoid diseases such as dental caries and periodontal problems, it is important to encourage oral hygiene habits, so that biofilm is efficiently removed by individual. This study aimed to compare the oral hygiene index of a group of children before and after motivational strategies for oral hygiene and health promotion. The sample consisted of 43 children, 10 to 15 years old, from a public school. The teeth were evidenced with fuchsin and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (IHOS) was evaluated, by a single researcher, 7 days before (IHOS-1) and 60 days after (IHOS-2) to an educational motivation strategy in oral health. For data analysis, GraphPad Prism 6 (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) was used, D’Agostino & Pearson normality test followed by the Wilcoxon test for non-parametric data, and for parametric T-Student test. It was possible to observe a significant reduction in the presence of biofilm (p = 0.028), mainly in tooth 26 (p = 0.023), emphasizing that after carrying out oral health promotion strategies, they are effective. In both IHOS-1 and IHOS-2, the upper arch was the arch with the highest presence of biofilm evidenced (p <0.001). Regarding genders, there was no significant difference between each evaluation, however, the female gender showed a significant reduction in the index values (p = 0.003). It is concluded that educational-motivational strategies, focusing on the control of dental biofilm, had a positive impact on the practice of oral hygiene by students. Keywords: Child. Oral Health. Oral Hygiene. Dental Plaque.

Download Full-text

Asthma and periodontal health in children

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp170221063d ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (12) ◽

pp. 1202-1208

Author(s):

Bojana Davidovic ◽

Mirjana Ivanovic ◽

Dejan Bokonjic ◽

Svjetlana Jankovic ◽

Jelena Eric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Mean Values ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Children With Asthma

Background/Aim. Oral health is an important part of overall health. Good oral health is important for oral diseases prevention and health maintenance of respiratory system. The aim of the study was to evaluate oral hygiene and periodontal health parameters of asthmatic children and to compare them with children without asthma as well as to evaluate those parameters according to type of used medications and time of taking medications in children with asthma. Methods. This epidemiological study included 68 children with asthma and 68 children without asthma or any other chronic disease aged from 6 to 16 years. Parameters used in this study were Greene-Vermillion index, L?e-Silness gingival index and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Results. Good oral hygiene (31.1%) was more present in children without asthma whereas poor hygiene (20.0%) was more frequent in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Healthy gingiva was more frequent in children without asthma (25%) while mild (58.8%) and moderate gingival inflammation (5.9%) were more frequent in the group of children with asthma (p < 0.01). Mean CPI values were higher in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Mean values of Plaque Index, Gingival Index and CPI did not show statistically significant difference in relation to type of administered medication. However, taking medications in the afternoon was related to higher mean values of Plaque Index and Gingival Index (p < 0.05) within the group of children with asthma. Conclusion. Children with asthma had poorer oral hygiene and were diagnosed with greater values of oral hygiene and periodontal indices compared with the group of children without asthma. For this reason, it is necessary to promote oral health and establish good oral hygiene habits in asthmatic children.

Download Full-text

Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Inpatients at a Medical College Hospital in Haryana

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Education and Research ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1266 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 5-11

Author(s):

Avijit Avasthi ◽

Girish M Sogi ◽

Koratagere L Veeresha

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

World Health ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Aim To assess the oral health status and felt needs of patients admitted to medical/surgical wards. Materials and methods The cross-sectional study included 346 patients who were recruited from medical/surgical wards. Dental parameters were recorded using the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults, 2013. Results Mean age of patients was 40.77 [standard deviation (SD) ± 14.4] years; 36.4% aged > 45 years and 32.9% educated beyond 10 years of education. 77.2% used toothbrush and 75.7% toothpaste for cleaning of teeth. 91% brushed their teeth at least once a day and 77.7% performed tongue cleaning. Greater number of decayed teeth (3.43 ± 3.38) were seen in those educated ≤ 10 years when compared with those educated beyond this level (2.43 ± 2.55). Participants with low education attainment and higher age group (>45 years) had significantly more teeth missing due to caries/other reasons, and with deeper periodontal disease. Conversely, higher educated and younger aged group (<45 years) participants had significantly greater mean number of sound teeth and teeth without gingival and periodontal abnormalities. There was no significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers, those who ever visited a dentist or not, practicing or not practicing oral hygiene, using tobacco or not, those with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension or without these conditions. Nearly 80% of the patients felt no requirement for dental treatment. Conclusion Despite adherence to oral hygiene practices, the oral health status of patients admitted to medical/surgical wards was poor. How to cite this article Avasthi A, Sogi GM, Veeresha KL. Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Inpatients at a Medical College Hospital in Haryana. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2018;52(1):5-11.

Download Full-text

Evaluating the Effect of a Community-Based Lay Health Advisor Training Curriculum to Address Immigrant Children's Caries Disparities

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000363067 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 147-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuan-Jung Hsu ◽

Wu-Der Peng ◽

Jen-Hao Chen ◽

Ying-Chun Lin ◽

Chin-Shun Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Care ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Immigrant Women ◽

Self Report ◽

Training Curriculum ◽

Lay Health Advisor ◽

Access To Dental Care ◽

Medically Underserved Population

Previous programs had not designed the culturally adequate Lay Health Advisor (LHA) oral health training curriculum for medically underserved population. We evaluated the effects of LHA training curriculum for addressing immigrant children's caries disparities in their access to dental care. We used a pre/post-test study design. Immigrant women were recruited from churches, schools, and immigrant centers in an urban area. Four training classes were held. Each training cycle lasted 15 consecutive weeks, consisting of 1 weekly 2-h training session for 12 weeks followed by a 3-week practicum. The curriculum included training in caries-related knowledge, oral hygiene demonstrations, teaching techniques, communication skills, and hands-on practice sessions. Thirty-seven LHA trainees completed the course and passed the post-training exam. The data were collected using self-report questionnaires. The level of oral health knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes toward oral hygiene were significantly increased after LHA training. There was a significant and over twofold increase in trainees' oral hygiene behaviors. An increase of >20% in LHA and their children's dental checkup was observed following training. After training, LHAs were more likely to have 3+ times of brushing teeth [Odds Ratio (OR) = 13.14], brushing teeth 3+ minutes (OR = 3.47), modified bass method use (OR = 30.60), dental flossing (OR = 4.56), fluoride toothpaste use (OR = 5.63) and child's dental visit (OR = 3.57). The cross-cultural training curriculum designed for immigrant women serving as LHAs was effective in improvement of oral hygiene behaviors and access to dental care.

Download Full-text

Self-reported Oral Health Knowledge, DMFT status and Oral Hygiene Practices among University students

10.53350/pjmhs211561152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1152-1157

Author(s):

M. A. Abdulsalam ◽

N A Alsewaiq ◽

S. A. Hamza ◽

A.U. Y. Syed ◽

M. A. Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

University Students ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Science Students ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Oral Health Knowledge ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Significant Difference

Aim: To assess dental caries knowledge, DMFT status and oral hygiene practices among Science and Non-science University students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through a questionnaire that contained sociodemographic information, questions about oral health knowledge (OHK) assessed on Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree). Questions about dental caries, teeth extracted due to caries, and filled teeth while the fourth section questions were about oral hygiene practices (OHP). Data were processed using SPSS (version 21) with significance level of p≤0.050. Results: Four hundred (400) students participated in current study in which 190 students were from science (medicine and pharmacy) and 210 from non-science (education and arts) colleges. Male and female ratio were 185(46.3%) and 215(53.8%) respectively. Overall, oral health knowledge status was demonstrated as non-significant by both science and non-science students except for question regarding transmission of dental caries. A significant difference was observed between gender (p=0.016) for all questions except question 2 (bacteria is the cause of tooth decay). In addition, a significant difference were observed between urban and rural students (p=0.037) for question 2. No significant difference were observed for decayed, extracted teeth and oral hygiene practices between science and non-science students.. Conclusion: Statistically no significant difference in status of knowledge, decayed and missing teeth and oral hygiene practices was observed between science and non-science students, except for filled teeth. However differences among genders and urban/rural was noted. Keywords: Dental caries, Oral health practice, Science, Non-science, University students

Download Full-text

Self-Reported Oral Health Attitudes and Behavior of Dental and Medical students, Yemen

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n10p143 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 143 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Esam S. Halboub ◽

Sadeq A. Al-Maweri ◽

Aisha A. Al-Jamaei ◽

Mohammed A. Al-wesabi ◽

Anas Shamala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Total Sample ◽

Dental Students ◽

Health Attitudes ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior

Objectives: To assess self-reported oral health attitudes and behavior among undergraduate dental and medical students, and to analyze the variations in oral health attitudes based on gender, level of education, study discipline, academic average, and type of university.Methods: A self-administered questionnaire based on the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) was distributed to 1269 undergraduate dental and medical students at two universities (one public and one private) in Sana’a, Yemen.Results: Overall, the mean questionnaire score for the total sample was markedly low (4.91±1.58), with no significant difference between dental and medical students (P>0.05). Females had better oral health attitudes and behavior, especially towards visiting the dentist, tooth-brushing habits and oral hygiene practices (P<0.05). Students attending the public university had better oral health attitudes and behaviors than those attending the private university (P=0.049). On the other hand, no significant associations were observed between students’ oral health attitudes/behavior and level of education and academic performance (P>0.05).Conclusion: Yemeni dental and medical students have shown markedly poor oral health attitude and behavior. Further studies are required to reveal possible shortcoming in these schools’ education process. Dental and medical curricula should emphasize the importance of proper oral hygiene, and further participation of medical and dental students in oral hygiene seminars is highly encouraged.

Download Full-text

Patients with Psychiatric Disorders: What the General Dental Practitioner Needs to Know

Primary Dental Journal ◽

10.1308/205016817821930999 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 30-35

Author(s):

Keval Sv Shah ◽

Ewa Okon-Rocha ◽

Kathleen Fan

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Dental Care ◽

Psychiatric Illness ◽

Systematic Approach ◽

Health It ◽

Dental Practitioner ◽

General Dental Practitioner ◽

Psychiatric Conditions

Psychiatric illness is extremely common and the general dental practitioner (GDP) will inevitably encounter patients with such an illness. This article outlines common psychiatric conditions that the GDP should be familiar with alongside its impact on oral health. It also gives a systematic approach to dealing with a patient who presents to practice with an undiagnosed psychiatric illness, whereby the illness interferes with delivery of suitable dental care.

Download Full-text