Systematic review of dementia prevalence - 1994 to 2000

Abstract Ageing has occurred in all regions of the world, with impact on neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly dementia. However, previous meta-analysis and reviews have shown high variability in world dementia prevalence rates. Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a wide-ranging review of the dementia prevalence studies published in recent years. Methods: The search was made on Medline, Lilacs and Embase databases for research conducted between 1994 and 2000. The main inclusion criteria were: use of standard diagnostic criteria and investigation of community samples. Results: The final selection included 42 papers, from all continents. The mean prevalence rate of dementia in subjects aged 65 years and older, for continents, ranged from 2.2% in Africa to 8.9% in Europe, and among countries, from 1.3% in India to 14.9% in Spain. However, there was a trend of clustering of the world prevalence rates with the majority of studies reporting rates between 4.2% and 7.2% (³65 years). Age directly influenced the rates, with a mean prevalence rate of 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8-1.5) for the 65-69 years group and 39.9% (95% CI: 34.4-45.3) for the 90-94 year group, but showing less pronounced influence in the very elderly age group. The urban samples had higher rates, where no significant gender difference was evidenced. Conclusion: The age influence over dementia rates apparently leveled off in the very elderly group while a trend toward similar dementia prevalence rates around the world was probably influenced by greater homogeneity in diagnostic criteria.

Download Full-text

An Understanding of the Global Status of Major Bacterial Pathogens of Milk Concerning Bovine Mastitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Scientometrics)

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10050545 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 545

Author(s):

Paramanandham Krishnamoorthy ◽

Kuralayanapalya P. Suresh ◽

Kavitha S. Jayamma ◽

Bibek R. Shome ◽

Sharanagouda S. Patil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Management Practices ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

The World ◽

Pathogen Prevalence

In this study, the major mastitis pathogen prevalence in the cattle and buffalo of the world was estimated by a meta-analysis. Staphylococcus (S) species, Streptococcus (St) species, and Escherichia coli (Ec) prevalence studies reported during 1979–2019 were collected using online databases, and offline resources. A meta-analysis of these data was done with the meta package in R-Software. The Staphylococcus aureus was the major mastitis pathogen, mostly causing subclinical mastitis, Ec causing clinical mastitis and St causing subclinical and clinical mastitis. The pooled prevalence estimates of S, St, and Ec were 28%, 12%, and 11% in the world from 156, 129, and 92 studies, respectively. The S, St, and Ec prevalences were high in Latin America (51%), Oceania (25%), and Oceania (28%), respectively. Higher S, St, and Ec prevalences were observed by molecular methods, signifying high sensitivity and usefulness for future studies. Among bacterial species, S. aureus (25%) followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (20%), Escherichia coli (11%), St. agalactiae (9%), St. uberis (9%) were the important pathogens present in the milk of the world. We hypothesize that there is a urgent need to reduce mastitis pathogen prevalence by ensuring scientific farm management practices, proper feeding, therapeutic interventions to augment profits in dairying, and improving animal and human health.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of antenatal depression in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2018-211819 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (8) ◽

pp. 768-777 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rahini Mahendran ◽

Shuby Puthussery ◽

Mahendran Amalan

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

South Asia ◽

South Asian ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Antenatal Depression ◽

Future Research ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Prevalence Studies

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of antenatal depression in South Asia and to examine variations by country and study characteristics to inform policy, practice and future research.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of 13 databases including international databases and databases covering scientific literature from South Asian countries in addition to Google Scholar and grey sources from 1 January 2007 to 31 May 2018. Studies reporting prevalence estimates of antenatal depression using a validated diagnostic/screening tool were identified, screened, selected and appraised. Primary outcome was proportion (%) of pregnant women identified as having antenatal depression.ResultsThirty-three studies involving 13 087 pregnant women were included in the meta-analysis. Twelve studies were rated as high quality and 21 studies were of moderate quality. Overall pooled prevalence of antenatal depression was 24.3 % (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 19.03 to 30.47). Studies showed a high degree of heterogeneity (I2=97.66%) and evidence of publication bias (p=0.668). Prevalence rates for India (17.74%, 95% CI 11.19 to 26.96) and Sri Lanka (12.95%, 95% CI 8.29 to 19.68) were lower compared with the overall prevalence, whereas prevalence rates for Pakistan (32.2%, 95% CI 23.11 to 42.87) and Nepal (50%, 95% CI 35.64 to 64.36) were higher.ConclusionsWhile robust prevalence studies are sparse in most South Asian countries, available data suggest one in four pregnant women is likely to experience antenatal depression in the region. Findings highlight the need for recognition of the issue in health policy and practice and for resource allocation for capacity building at regional and national levels for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Download Full-text

Current Evidence of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Ocular Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/7605453 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kai Cao ◽

Brad Kline ◽

Ying Han ◽

Gui-shuang Ying ◽

Ning Li Wang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Ocular Symptoms ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Conjunctival Swab ◽

Positive Rate ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Objective. To estimate the prevalence rate of ocular symptoms and the positive rate of conjunctival swab samples of patients diagnosed with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Methods. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature search was done based on PubMed, Embase, MedRxiv, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcomes are the prevalence rate of conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion and the positive rate of conjunctival swab samples. Rates were expressed as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. A total of 12 studies with 1930 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence rate of conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion was 8% (95% CI: 5%-12%). 1% (95% CI: 1%-4%) of COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion as the initial symptom. The pooled positive rate of conjunctival swab samples was 3% (95% CI: 2%-5%). We also assessed other ocular symptoms reported in the 12 studies, including foreign body sensation, increased secretion, and eye itching. The pooled prevalence rates were 6% (95% CI: 3%-10%), 10% (95% CI: 8%-12%), and 9% (95% CI: 7%-10%), respectively. Conclusions. The evidence on the positive rate of conjunctival swab samples and the prevalence rates of ocular symptoms indicated that COVID-19 ocular transmission was possible but less likely.

Download Full-text

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2012000200006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 102-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Marco A. Lana-Peixoto ◽

Elizabeth R. C. Frota ◽

Gilberto B. Campos ◽

Leonardo P. Monteiro

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Genetic Susceptibility ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Ethnic Background ◽

The State ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

The World ◽

Belo Horizonte

Investigations on the prevalence rates of multiple sclerosis (MS) around the world have yielded important clues on the interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. As Brazil is a huge country laid on many latitudes and inhabited by population with distinct ethnic backgrounds, it might be assumed that the frequency of MS varies in its different regions. Objective: To determine the prevalence rate of MS in Belo Horizonte, the capital of the State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. Methods: We used six sources to draw up a provisional list of identified cases of MS. Only patients with diagnosis of clinically definite MS according to Poser Committee criteria were included. Results: The calculated crude MS prevalence was 18.1/100,000 inhabitants. Conclusions: The MS prevalence in Belo Horizonte is similar to that found in São Paulo and Botucatu, two other cities in southeastern Brazil with similar ethnic background.

Download Full-text

The Prevalence Rate of Sexual Violence Worldwide: A Trend Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-37137/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nasrin Borumandnia ◽

Naghmeh Khadembashi ◽

Mohammad Tabatabaei ◽

Hamid Alavi Majd

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Equatorial Guinea ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Latent Growth ◽

Social Burden ◽

Growth Mixture ◽

The World ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study is to showcase the image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in its prevalence rates during 1990-2017 across 195 countries and territories.Methods: The SV prevalence rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database during 1990-2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV prevalence rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women separately. Then, the change in SV prevalence rate over time was determined within countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV prevalence rate over time.Results: The SV prevalence was higher among women than men and decreased in both genders over time across the world. The declining trend in SV prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV prevalence against women in countries with low HDI shows an increase. The findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into the class with the highest decrease in SV prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into the class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In terms of SV prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into the class with the most increase among the countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were placed into the class which witnessed the largest decline and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea were ranked next. The trend in other countries was mostly decreasing.Conclusion: Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention by relevant policymakers. The SV prevalence rate is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Individuals with Deafblindness and Age-Related Dual-Sensory Loss

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness ◽

10.1177/0145482x211072541 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 0145482X2110725

Author(s):

Renu Minhas ◽

Atul Jaiswal ◽

Serena Chan ◽

Jessica Trevisan ◽

Abinethaa Paramasivam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Sensory Loss ◽

Sensory Impairment ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Age Related ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

The World ◽

Dual Sensory Loss ◽

Dual Sensory Impairment

Introduction The authors of this paper have compiled a report on the prevalence of deafblindness and dual-sensory loss based on the review of existing estimates. The purpose is to inform readers of the importance of using consistent, well-researched definitions and survey questions in future prevalence studies. Methods Articles were extracted through ProQuest and EBSCOhost, online library databases of Cambrian College and Laurentian University. Keywords search included “deafblindness,” “dual-sensory impairment,” “dual-sensory loss,” “age-related,” “congenital,” “acquired,” and “prevalence.” Additionally, the authors conducted a search with Google for research reports and Google Scholar for other relevant peer-reviewed articles. Results This review provides a current overview of prevalence estimates of deafblindness and age-related dual-sensory loss around the world, examining 19 articles or reports published over the last 20 years (2000–2020) in 18 countries, including the European Union (consisting of 8 countries). In line with the prevalence estimates by the World Federation for the Deafblind global report 2018, the review indicates an estimated 0.2–2% prevalence of dual-sensory impairment and underscores varying ranges of prevalence among populations, studies or countries, age groups, and types of deafblindness. The review highlights that the prevalence of deafblindness or dual-sensory loss was often not comparable across studies, but it is clear that the prevalence of dual-sensory impairment increases with age. The studies varied in methods (e.g., population surveys, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies). Implication for practitioners The review provides evidence of varying ranges of prevalence rates. Future prevalence studies may benefit from consistent definitions, standard data-collection tools to do better comparisons across countries, and identify factors that predict higher or lower prevalence rates among populations and age groups.

Download Full-text

The prevalence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in The Netherlands

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/s0924270800037546 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 47-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P.P.A. Mersch ◽

H. Middendorp ◽

A.L. Bouhuys ◽

D.G.M. Beersma ◽

R.H. van den Hoofdakker

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Research Methods ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

The Usa

Since the description of SAD the prevalence of this disorder has been of particular interest. The more so, because early studies, indicated the correctness of the on theoretical grounds - expected interaction between latitude and prevalence rate of SAD. More eleborate prevalence studies, mainly in the USA indeed showed a positive correlation between prevalence rate and latitude. In Europe, only few studies have appeared. Although the results of most of these studies are preliminary and research-methods and criteria vary across studies, tentative conclusions are that the prevalence rates in Europe are considerably lower than in the USA, but that there is a similar trend in the direction of an increase of prevalence at higher latitudes.8"10 In the present study, the prevalence of SAD in the Netherlands is investigated.

Download Full-text

An update on the prevalence of eating disorders in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity ◽

10.1007/s40519-021-01162-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jie Qian ◽

Ying Wu ◽

Fanxiao Liu ◽

Yikang Zhu ◽

Hua Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

General Population ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Lifetime Prevalence ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Western Countries ◽

Epidemiological Surveys

Abstract Objective To update the prevalence of eating disorders in the general population before 2021 and to analyze the distribution characteristics at different times and in different regions and sexes, as well as the diagnostic criteria. Methods Based on the method from a previous report by the authors, studies were identified from the following databases: PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Knowledge, Ovid and the 4 most important Chinese databases. Articles in English and Chinese before 2021 were retrieved. The data retrieved at this time were pooled with the data from a previous report for analyses. Results Thirty-three studies were identified, which included 18 studies supplemented in this retrieval. The pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence of eating disorders were 0.91% (95% CI, 0.48–1.71) and 0.43% (95% CI, 0.18–0.78), respectively. The pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence of the subgroup EDs (any), which covers all types of eating disorders, were 1.69% and 0.72%, respectively. The lifetime prevalence of AN, BN and BED was 0.16% (95% CI, 0.06–0.31), 0.63% (95% CI, 0.33–1.02) and 1.53% (95% CI, 1.00–2.17), respectively. The lifetime prevalence of EDs in Western countries was 1.89%, and was high at 2.58% in females. Prevalence studies using DSM-5 criteria were scarce. Conclusions The prevalence of eating disorders might be underestimated thus far. Not all types of EDs were included in a majority of epidemiological surveys, and the prevalence rates of the new types of EDs were significantly higher. Eating disorders were especially common in Western countries and in females. New diagnostic criteria should be used to comprehensively assess all types of eating disorders. Level of evidence 1, systematic review and meta-analysis.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) in Korea and Japan: A Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10153204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 3204

Author(s):

Eun-Jin Lim ◽

Chang-Gue Son

Keyword(s):

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Chronic Fatigue ◽

Case Definition ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Korean Studies ◽

Fatigue Syndrome ◽

Total Prevalence ◽

Japanese Studies

Background: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a long-term disabling illness accompanied by fatigue unsolved by rest. However, ME/CFS is a poorly understood illness that lacks a universally accepted pathophysiology and treatment. A lack of CFS-related studies have been conducted in Asian countries. This study aimed to estimate and compare the prevalence of ME/CFS in Korea and Japan and conducted a meta-analysis. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and KMBASE for population-based prevalence studies of the two countries and synthesized the data according to the Fukuda case definition. Results: Of the eight studies (five in Korea, three in Japan) included, the total prevalence rate of Korean studies was 0.77% (95% CI 0.34–1.76), and 0.76% (95% CI 0.46–1.25) for the Japanese studies. The prevalence rate in females was approximately two-fold higher than males in Korean studies (1.31% female vs. 0.60% male), while the gender difference was less obvious in Japanese studies (0.76% female vs. 0.65% male). Conclusions: Further epidemiology studies on the female ME/CFS prevalence rate between countries may be required.

Download Full-text

The prevalence rate of sexual violence worldwide: a trend analysis

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09926-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nasrin Borumandnia ◽

Naghmeh Khadembashi ◽

Mohammad Tabatabaei ◽

Hamid Alavi Majd

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Equatorial Guinea ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Latent Growth ◽

Social Burden ◽

Growth Mixture ◽

The World ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background The purpose of the present study is to showcase the image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in its prevalence rates during 1990–2017 across 195 countries and territories. Methods The SV prevalence rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database during 1990–2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV prevalence rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women separately. Then, the change in SV prevalence rate over time was determined within countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV prevalence rate over time. Results The SV prevalence was higher among women than men and decreased in both genders over time across the world. The declining trend in SV prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV prevalence against women in countries with low HDI shows an increase. The findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into the class with the highest decrease in SV prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into the class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In terms of SV prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into the class with the most increase among the countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were placed into the class which witnessed the largest decline and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea were ranked next. The trend in other countries was mostly decreasing. Conclusion Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention by relevant policymakers. The SV prevalence rate is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.

Download Full-text