scholarly journals EVALUATION OF USABILITY OF MAPS OF DIFFERENT SCALES PRESENTED IN AN IN-CAR ROUTE GUIDANCE AND NAVIGATION SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-406
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Marques Ramos ◽  
Edmur Azevedo Pugliesi ◽  
Renan Furlan de Oliveira ◽  
Vilma Mayumi Tachibana ◽  
Mônica Modesta Santos Decanini
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Map Scale

Abstract Noise from the information communication process produced by the interfaces of navigation systems has overloaded drivers' cognitive processing systems and increased the probability of traffic accidents. This work evaluates the usability of maps of different scales in a prototype route guidance and navigation system. The maps were designed on basic cartographic communication principles, such as perceptive grouping and figure-ground segregation, as well drivers’ requirements for performing a tactical task. Two different scales were adopted, 1:3,000 and 1:6,000, and the maps implemented in the prototype. A total of 52 subjects (26 males and 26 females) participated in an experiment performed in a driving simulator. The maps describe an urban route composed of 13 simple and complex maneuvers. The drivers’ mental workload was measured in terms of visual demand, navigational error and subjective preference. Results reveal that the usability of maps is influenced by map scale variation, and this is related to maneuver complexity. Also, an association between drivers’ visual demand and gender was found, and this was related to drivers’ spatial ability. More implications are presented and discussed.

Advanced Vehicle Navigation applied in the BMW Real Time Light Simulation

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Löwenau ◽  
P. J. Th. Venhovens ◽  
J. H. Bernasch
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Vehicle Navigation ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Differential Gps ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Positioning Systems

Advanced vehicle navigation based on the US Global Positioning Systems (GPS) will play a major role in future vehicle control systems. Contemporary vehicle navigation systems generally consist of vehicle positioning using satellites and location and orientation of the vehicle with respect to the roadway geometry using a digitised map on a CD-ROM. The standard GPS (with Selective Availability) enables positioning with an accuracy of at least 100 m and is sufficiently accurate for most route guidance tasks. More accurate, precision navigation can be obtained by Differential GPS techniques. A new light concept called Adaptive Light Control (ALC) has been developed with the aim to improve night-time traffic safety. ALC improves the headlamp illumination by means of continuous adaptation of the headlamps according to the current driving situation and current environment. In order to ensure rapid prototyping and early testing, the step from offline to online (real-time) simulation of light distributions has been successfully completed in the driving simulator. The solutions are directly ported to real vehicles to allow further testing with natural road conditions.

Lane-Level Positioning Method for 3D In-Vehicle Navigation System

2013 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 767-772
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Xue Yu Mi ◽  
Li Fen Yi
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Vehicle Navigation ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Map Matching ◽  
Differential Gps ◽  
Vehicle Navigation System ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
The Way

The objective of this study is to find an effective way to realize lane-level route guidance for vehicle navigation system. Based on the modeling of 3D map, a lane-level positioning method was presented by the way of combination of virtual differential GPS, height aiding, and collision detecting technique. GPS parameters were amended through virtual differential technology and height aiding technology by the way of elevation interpolation and least squares estimation in order to improve the output precision. Then a method of lane-level map matching was implemented in 3D digital map based on the collision detection technology. Tested by RTK technique, the method was proven to fulfill the demands of vehicle navigation systems.

scholarly journals PREFERENCE FOR MAP SCALE OF IN-CAR ROUTE GUIDANCE AND NAVIGATION SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Marques Ramos ◽  
Mônica Modesta Santos Decanini ◽  
Edmur Azevedo Pugliesi ◽  
Vilma Mayumi Tachibana ◽  
Renan Furlan De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Map Design ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Appropriate Scale ◽  
Map Scale

Usability issues of maps presented in-car Route Guidance and Navigation System (RGNS) may result in serious impacts on traffic safety. To obtain effective RGNS, evaluation of 'user satisfaction' with the system has played a prominent role, since designers can quantify drivers' acceptance about presented information. An important variable related to design of RGNS interfaces refers to select appropriate scale for maps, since it interferes on legibility of maps. Map with good legibility may support drivers comprehend information easily and take decisions during driving task quickly. This paper evaluates drivers' preference for scales used in maps of RGNS. A total of 52 subjects participated of an experiment performed in a parked car. Maps were designed at four different scales 1:1,000, 1:3,000, 1:6,000 and 1:10,000 for a route composed of 13 junctions. Map design was based on cartographic communication principles, such as perceptive grouping and figure-ground segregation. Based on studies cases, we conclude intermediate scales (1:6,000 and 1:3,000) were more acceptable among drivers compared to large scales (1:1,000) and small (1:10,000). RGNS should select scales for maps which supports drivers to quickly identify direction of the maneuver and, simultaneously, get information about surroundings of route. More results are presented and implications discussed

Evaluation of an Accessible, Real-Time, and Infrastructure-Free Indoor Navigation System by Users Who Are Blind in the Mall of America

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Giudice ◽  
William E. Whalen ◽  
Timothy H. Riehle ◽  
Shane M. Anderson ◽  
Stacy A. Doore
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Indoor Navigation System ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: This article describes an evaluation of MagNav, a speech-based, infrastructure-free indoor navigation system. The research was conducted in the Mall of America, the largest shopping mall in the United States, to empirically investigate the impact of memory load on route-guidance performance. Method: Twelve participants who are blind and 12 age-matched sighted controls participated in the study. Comparisons are made for route-guidance performance between use of updated, real-time route instructions (system-aided condition) and a system-unaided (memory-based condition) where the same instructions were only provided in advance of route travel. The sighted controls (who navigated under typical visual perception but used the system for route guidance) represent a best case comparison benchmark with the blind participants who used the system. Results: Results across all three test measures provide compelling behavioral evidence that blind navigators receiving real-time verbal information from the MagNav system performed route travel faster (navigation time), more accurately (fewer errors in reaching the destination), and more confidently (fewer requests for bystander assistance) compared to conditions where the same route information was only available to them in advance of travel. In addition, no statistically reliable differences were observed for any measure in the system-aided conditions between the blind and sighted participants. Posttest survey results corroborate the empirical findings, further supporting the efficacy of the MagNav system. Discussion: This research provides compelling quantitative and qualitative evidence showing the utility of an infrastructure-free, low-memory demand navigation system for supporting route guidance through complex indoor environments and supports the theory that functionally equivalent navigation performance is possible when access to real-time environmental information is available, irrespective of visual status. Implications for designers and practitioners: Findings provide insight for the importance of developers of accessible navigation systems to employ interfaces that minimize memory demands.

Augmenting Landmarks During the Head-Up Provision of In-Vehicle Navigation Advice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Large ◽  
Gary Burnett ◽  
Adam Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Vehicle Navigation ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
The Road ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Verbal Messages

The use of landmarks during the provision of directions can greatly improve drivers' route-following performance. However, the successful integration of landmarks within in-vehicle navigation systems is predicated on the acquisition and deployment of good quality landmarks, as defined by their visibility, uniqueness, permanence, location etc., and their accurate and succinct depiction on in-vehicle displays and during accompanying verbal messages. Notwithstanding the inherent variability in the quality and propensity of landmarks within the driving environment, attending to in-vehicle displays and verbal messages while driving can distract drivers and heighten their visual and cognitive workload. Furthermore, vocal utterances are transient and can be littered with paralinguistic cues that can influence a driver's interpretation of what is said. In this paper, a driving simulator study is described aiming to investigate the augmentation of landmarks during the head up provision of route guidance advice – a potential solution to some of these problems. Twenty participants undertook four drives utilising a navigation system presented on a head up display (HUD) in which navigational instructions were presented as either: conventional distance-to-turn information; on-road arrows; or augmented landmarks (either an arrow pointing to the landmark or a box enclosing the landmark adjacent to the required turning). Participants demonstrated significant performance improvements while using the augmented landmark 'box' compared to the conventional distance-to-turn information, with response times and success rates enhanced by 43.1% and 26.2%, respectively. Moreover, there were significant reductions in eyes off-the-road time when using this approach, and it also attracted the lowest subjective ratings of workload. The authors conclude that there are significant benefits to augmenting landmarks during the head-up provision of in-car navigation advice.

A Study on Route Guidance of a Car Navigation System Based on Augmented Reality

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (7) ◽  
pp. 897-906
Author(s):  
Kengo Akaho ◽  
Takashi Nakagawa ◽  
Yoshihisa Yamaguchi ◽  
Katsuya Kawai ◽  
Hirokazu Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Car Navigation System ◽  
Car Navigation

Utilisation of Robotic Navigation Systems in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Richard Schilling ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽  
Rhythm Control ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Robotic Navigation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Catheter Navigation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. While rhythm control with antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) is a common strategy for managing patients with AF, catheter ablation may be a more efficacious and safer alternative to AADs for sinus rhythm control. Conventional catheter ablation has been associated with challenges during the arrhythmia mapping and ablation stages; however, the introduction of two remote catheter navigation systems (a robotic and a magnetic navigation system) may potentially overcome these challenges. Initial clinical experience with the robotic navigation system suggests that it offers similar procedural times, efficacy and safety to conventional manual ablation. Furthermore, it has been associated with reduced fluoroscopy exposure to the patient and the operator as well as a shorter fluoroscopy time compared with conventional catheter ablation. In the future, the remote navigation systems may become routinely used for complex catheter ablation procedures.

scholarly journals MS-2 Minimally invasive glioma surgery with navigation system and tubular retractor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. ii2-ii3
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Kurozumi
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Glioma Surgery ◽  
Tubular Retractor ◽  
Neuronavigation System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Neurological Surgery

Abstract Navigation systems are reliable and safe for neurological surgery. Navigation is an attractive and innovative therapeutic option. Recently, endo and exoscopic surgeries have been gradually increasing in neurosurgery. We are currently trialing to use 4K and 8K systems to improve the accuracy and safety of our surgical procedures. Surgeries for deep-seated tumors are challenging because of the difficulty in creating a corridor and observing the interface between lesions and the normal area. In total, 315 patients underwent surgery at Okayama University between 2017 and 2019. Among them, we experienced 92 glioma surgeries using navigation systems. Preoperatively, we performed computed tomography imaging and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the neuronavigation system. We experienced Curve(TM) Image Guided Surgery (BrainLab, Munich, Germany). The surgical trajectory was planned with functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging to protect the eloquent area and critical vasculature of the brain. We used a clear plastic tubular retractor system, the ViewSite Brain Access System, for surgery of deep seated gliomas. We gently inserted and placed the ViewSite using the neuronavigation. The tumor was observed and resected through the ViewSite tubular retractor under a microscope and endoscope. If the tumor was large, we switched the ViewSite tubular retractor to brain spatulas to identify the boundary between the normal brain and lesion. We are currently using the combination of the tubular retractor and brain spatulas using navigation system. Here, we present and analyze our preoperative simulation, surgical procedure, and outcomes.

Traffic accident and emission reduction through intermittent release measures for heavy fog weather

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (25) ◽  
pp. 1550148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shi ◽  
Jin-Hua Tan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Heavy fog weather can increase traffic accidents and lead to freeway closures which result in delays. This paper aims at exploring traffic accident and emission characteristics in heavy fog, as well as freeway intermittent release measures for heavy fog weather. A driving simulator experiment is conducted for obtaining driving behaviors in heavy fog. By proposing a multi-cell cellular automaton (CA) model based on the experimental data, the role of intermittent release measures on the reduction of traffic accidents and CO emissions is studied. The results show that, affected by heavy fog, when cellular occupancy [Formula: see text], the probability of traffic accidents is much higher; and CO emissions increase significantly when [Formula: see text]. After an intermittent release measure is applied, the probability of traffic accidents and level of CO emissions become reasonable. Obviously, the measure can enhance traffic safety and reduce emissions.

An Improved and Efficient Algorithm for SINS/GPS/Doppler Integrated Navigation Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ushaq ◽  
Jian Cheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Integrated Navigation ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Position Errors

Inertial navigation systems exhibit position errors that tend to grow with time in an unbounded mode. This degradation is due, in part, to errors in the initialization of the inertial measurement unit and inertial sensor imperfections such as accelerometer biases and gyroscope drifts. Mitigation to this growth and bounding the errors is to update the inertial navigation system periodically with external position (and/or velocity, attitude) fixes. The synergistic effect is obtained through external measurements updating the inertial navigation system using Kalman filter algorithm. It is a natural requirement that the inertial data and data from the external aids be combined in an optimal and efficient manner. In this paper an efficient method for integration of Strapdown Inertia Navigation System (SINS), Global Positioning System (GPS) and Doppler radar is presented using a centralized linear Kalman filter by treating vector measurements with uncorrelated errors as scalars. Two main advantages have been obtained with this improved scheme. First is the reduced computation time as the number of arithmetic computation required for processing a vector as successive scalar measurements is significantly less than the corresponding number of operations for vector measurement processing. Second advantage is the improved numerical accuracy as avoiding matrix inversion in the implementation of covariance equations improves the robustness of the covariance computations against round off errors.

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