scholarly journals Strength evaluation of concrete corbels cast in a different stage from the column

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. ARAÚJO ◽  
S. A. AZEVEDO ◽  
E. D. MUNIZ ◽  
E. M O. SILVA ◽  
L. A. OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Strength Evaluation ◽  
Gap Opening ◽  
Computational Predictions ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The design of a precast structural system requires joints between the structural elements, and concrete corbels are commonly used in the connection between beams and columns. Concrete corbels create an obstacle in the optimization of precast production, mainly of columns that have two or more concrete corbels in different faces. In these cases, the concrete corbels need to be manufactures in a different stage from the column, which requires attention to the interface between column and corbel, and some solution to ensure the continuity of the main tie reinforcement. For this paper, tests were conducted along with analytical and computational modeling of five concrete corbels models: one monolithic model and four where the corbels are manufactured in a different stage from the column. Results show the failure mode, the interface gap opening and the accuracy of the analytical and computational predictions. It was observed that the concrete corbels with bent main tie reinforcement displayed the largest gap-opening at the interface and that the computational modeling represented the strength of the monolithic concrete corbel better than the design code models.

Computing Possible Futures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Interactive Visualizations ◽  
Use Of Models ◽  
Better Than

This book discusses the use of models and interactive visualizations to explore designs of systems and policies in determining whether such designs would be effective. Executives and senior managers are very interested in what “data analytics” can do for them and, quite recently, what the prospects are for artificial intelligence and machine learning. They want to understand and then invest wisely. They are reasonably skeptical, having experienced overselling and under-delivery. They ask about reasonable and realistic expectations. Their concern is with the futurity of decisions they are currently entertaining. They cannot fully address this concern empirically. Thus, they need some way to make predictions. The problem is that one rarely can predict exactly what will happen, only what might happen. To overcome this limitation, executives can be provided predictions of possible futures and the conditions under which each scenario is likely to emerge. Models can help them to understand these possible futures. Most executives find such candor refreshing, perhaps even liberating. Their job becomes one of imagining and designing a portfolio of possible futures, assisted by interactive computational models. Understanding and managing uncertainty is central to their job. Indeed, doing this better than competitors is a hallmark of success. This book is intended to help them understand what fundamentally needs to be done, why it needs to be done, and how to do it. The hope is that readers will discuss this book and develop a “shared mental model” of computational modeling in the process, which will greatly enhance their chances of success.

scholarly journals Parametric Analysis of the Shear Lag Effect in Tube Structural Systems of Tall Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Ivan Hafner ◽  
Anđelko Vlašić ◽  
Tomislav Kišiček ◽  
Tvrtko Renić
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Shear Lag Effect ◽  
Lag Effect ◽  
Secondary Structural Elements

Horizontal loads such as earthquake and wind are considered dominant loads for the design of tall buildings. One of the most efficient structural systems in this regard is the tube structural system. Even though such systems have a high resistance when it comes to horizontal loads, the shear lag effect that is characterized by an incomplete and uneven activation of vertical elements may cause a series of problems such as the deformation of internal panels and secondary structural elements, which cumulatively grow with the height of the building. In this paper, the shear lag effect in a typical tube structure will be observed and analyzed on a series of different numerical models. A parametric analysis will be conducted with a great number of variations in the structural elements and building layout, for the purpose of giving recommendations for an optimal design of a tube structural system.

scholarly journals Comparação entre a eficiência estrutural de perfis soldados de aço e perfis de aço formados a frio

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uiatan Aguiar Nogueira ◽  
Matilde Batista Melo ◽  
Daniel De Lima Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Structural Efficiency ◽  
Cold Formed Steel

RESUMO: A Análise de elementos estruturais, realizadas durante as etapas de projeto de uma estrutura, é parte fundamental para garantia de bom desempenho e estabilidade do sistema estrutural. Na execução de algumas estruturas, como as coberturas em edificações, é usual o emprego de perfis leves de aço formados a frio devido ao seu baixo peso. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar a eficiência estrutural desses perfis quando comparados, por exemplo, aos perfis soldados compactos. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios de flexão em quatro vigas biapoiadas submetidas a duas forças concentradas, de forma a se obter flexão pura no meio do vão das vigas. Estas foram instrumentadas para a determinação da sua rigidez e da sua resistência à flexão. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é demonstrar a eficiência estrutural de perfis formados a frio em seção caixa submetidos à flexão em comparação com perfis de seção tipo “H” soldados. ABSTRACT: The analysis of structural elements, in a structure’s design, is an essential step to ensure good performance and stability of the structural system. In any types of structures, such as roofing in buildings, it’s usual using cold-formed steel beams due to their small weight. This research seeks to evaluate the structural efficiency of cold-formed steel beams when compared, for example, to compact welded steel beams. Thus, bending tests were performed in four simply supported beams submitted to two concentrated loads, in order to obtain pure flexure at the mid-span of the beams. These beams were instrumented for the determination of their rigidity and bending strength. The results showed that the cold-formed steel beam, box-shaped, presented structural efficiency similar to the welded steel beam “H” shaped.

Approach to Steel-Bamboo Composite Structure System

2013 ◽  
Vol 300-301 ◽  
pp. 1263-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Min Yan ◽  
Yong Fei Du ◽  
Jun Guo Huang ◽  
Yu Shun Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
New Type

Modern bamboo structural system is a new type of green sustainable building technology, conform with our country’s requirements of developing environment-protecting and energy-saving buildings. This paper presents a new lightweight, high-strength , earthquake-resistant and energy-saving system-steel-bamboo composite structural systems , and given the various structural elements of the composite structural systems of steel-bamboo production methods . This paper also gives the production methods of steel-bamboo composite elements. Steel-bamboo-structural system can per-fectly combine steel and bamboo to bear load together, and it have excellent mechanical properties and broad application prospects.

Computational Modeling and Validation of the Encapsulation of Plastic Packages by Transfer Molding

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nguyen ◽  
C. Quentin ◽  
W. Lee ◽  
S. Bayyuk ◽  
S. A. Bidstrup-Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Flow Front ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
Plastic Packages ◽  
Encapsulation Process ◽  
Computational Predictions ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper presents, discusses, and compares results from experimental and computational studies of the plastic encapsulation process for a 144-lead TQFP package. The experimental results were obtained using an instrumented molding press, while the computational predictions were obtained using a newly-developed software for modeling transfer molding processes. Validation of the software is emphasized, and this was done mainly by comparing the computational results with the corresponding experimental measurements for pressure, temperature, and flow front advancement in the cavities and runners. The experimental and computational results were found to be in good agreement, especially for the flow-front shapes and locations. [S1043-7398(00)00502-8]

Structural System Reliability Analysis for a Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge

2012 ◽  
Vol 166-169 ◽  
pp. 1868-1871
Author(s):  
Bao Chu Yu ◽  
Sheng Yong Li
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Suspension Bridge ◽  
Suspension Bridges ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Structural System Reliability ◽  
Bridge Structures ◽  
Bridge Reliability

A self-anchored suspension bridge is analyzed for its structural system reliability, and the bridge reliability is relatively high under vehicular load. Through seeking the distinct structural system fault modes the relatively weak structural elements can be identified, which can be the basis on its reasonable design and offer the reference to the analysis for the similar bridge structures. The results verify that the global -Unzipping method and the improved difference equivalent recursion algorithm is efficient and applicable for system reliability evaluation of the complex structures such as self-anchored suspension bridges.

Leak-Before-Burst Testing of a High Pressure Tube

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Koerner ◽  
Waldemar Hiller ◽  
Rolf Wink
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Gas Release ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Section Viii

High pressure systems like a LDPE-reactor may store a great amount of energy in the form of compressed gas. The way in which this energy is released in case of a failure is of paramount importance to the safety of the plant and its personnel. Catastrophic failure modes with a large gas release and possible metal splintering have to be avoided as far as technically possible. Therefore the failure mode needs to be analysed during the design of a high pressure system and taken into account. One important criterion for a safe pressure component is that a leak-before-burst behaviour can be ensured. This paper discusses the requirements for demonstration of this failure mode according to the design code for high pressure vessels ASME section VIII division 3. A full scale parts test using a DN-80, PN-3500 reactor tube section of a tubular LDPE-plant has been used to compare the code requirements with experimental results.

scholarly journals RECENT INVESTIGATIONS INTO COMPOSITE SWAY FRAMES

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Jean-François Demonceau ◽  
Jean-Pierre Jaspart
Keyword(s):  
Static Loading ◽  
Rotational Behaviour ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Global Instability ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
Composite Frames ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Sway Frames

A modern design code for composite construction such as Eurocode 4 limits its scope to “non‐sway buildings” with efficient bracing systems. Therefore it gives mainly rules to analyse and to check structural elements like beams, columns, slabs and joints. However, in the last years, the construction of taller buildings and larger industrial halls without wind bracing systems is susceptible to make global instability a relevant failure mode, what is not yet covered by Eurocode 4. For three years, in the framework of a European research project funded by the European Community for Steel and Coal (ECSC), in which Liège University was deeply involved, intensive experimental, numerical and theoretical investigations have been carried out. The latter aimed at improving the knowledge in the field of sway composite frames and at developing appropriate design rules. The rotational behaviour of the beam‐to‐column composite joints is one of the key aspects of the problem to which a special attention has been paid. This paper presents numerical and analytical studies carried out at Liège University, as part of the above European project, with the objective to investigate the behaviour of 2D composite sway frames under static loading. Particular phenomena put into sight through different analyses are illustrated herein.

scholarly journals Seismic design of masonry buildings

1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-346
Author(s):  
M. J. N. Priestley
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Capacity Design ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Background Material ◽  
Simplified Procedures

Background material to seismic design aspects of the draft masonry design code DZ4210 is presented. The design approach is based on specified lateral force levels appropriate to the available but limited ductility, and on the principles of reinforced concrete section analyses adapted for low material strengths. Ultimate masonry strengths for compression, shear and flexure are based on the construction techniques and extent of supervision rather than on the strengths of the masonry constituents. Design lateral force coefficients for flexural strength depend on the characteristics of the structural system adopted and Structural Type factors (S) are proposed that are more appropriate to masonry structures than current values incorporated in the Loadings Code NZS4203. Shear failure is proscribed by the implementation of capacity design principles, though simplified procedures are allowed for structures with high flexural S factors. Brief discussion is made of so-called non-structural masonry, including veneers, partition, infill and secondary walls.

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