scholarly journals Risk factors and infection due to Cryptosporidium spp. in dogs and cats in southern Rio Grande do Sul

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Andrios da Silva Moreira ◽  
Cristiane Telles Baptista ◽  
Carolina Litchina Brasil ◽  
Júlia de Souza Silveira Valente ◽  
Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Real Frequency ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Untreated Water

Abstract This study investigated the frequency of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. in feces from dogs and cats in five municipalities in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The risk factors associated with infection were also investigated. Feces samples from 110 dogs and 18 cats were stained using the auramine method. At the time of feces sampling, a questionnaire with semi-open-ended questions was applied to the animal guardians and all data obtained underwent statistical analysis. The real frequency of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. was 24.63% (27 dogs and two cats). Only four samples of dog feces were diarrheic and no presence of oocysts was observed in any of them. Variables that represented risk factors for infection were: homemade food, untreated water, circulation of animals on grassy terrain and living in the same environment as other animals (cattle). The results made it possible to inferring that within the population studied, the frequency of parasitism due to Cryptosporidium spp. in dogs was relevant and emphasize the asymptomatic nature of this infection. The adopting control measures are highlighted, particularly in relation to variables that represent risk factors for this infection.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Neospora caninum in commercial sheep from northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 703-710
Author(s):  
Angélica Consalter ◽  
◽  
Andressa Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Vinicius Grangeia Gaia ◽  
Eraldo Lourenso Zanella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BILIARY ATRESIA IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Larisse Longo ◽  
Jéssica Tonin Ferrari ◽  
Giovana Regina Weber Hoss ◽  
Leila Xavier Sinigaglia Fratta ◽  
Sandra Maria Gonçalves Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Characteristics and Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Individuals That Attended Referral Hospitals from Southern Region of Bahia State, Brazil: A Surveillance Network Retrospective Study

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2462
Author(s):  
Fabrício Barbosa Ferreira ◽  
Galileu Barbosa Costa ◽  
Anaiá da Paixão Sevá ◽  
George Rego Albuquerque ◽  
Ana Paula Melo Mariano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Referral Hospitals

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus was detected in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spread worldwide. In Brazil, to date, there have been more than 20,000,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and more than 550,000 deaths. The purpose of the current study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of the population affected by COVID-19 that have attended referral hospitals in Southern region of Bahia State, to better understand the disease and its risk factors in order to enable more appropriate conduct for patients. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, exploratory study was conducted using secondary data collected from the Laboratório de Farmacogenômica e Epidemiologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (LAFEM/UESC). Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were applied to determine the association between clinical symptoms and laboratory results, and to identify risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 3135 individuals with suspected severe respiratory illness were analyzed and 41.4% of them tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Male individuals and having comorbidities were risk factors significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 1.17 and OR = 1.37, respectively). Interestingly, being a healthcare professional was a significantly protective factor (OR = 0.81, p < 0.001). Our findings highlight the importance of routinely testing the population for early identification of infected individuals, and also provide important information to health authorities and police makers to improve control measures, management, and screening protocols.

scholarly journals Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Ramos Queiroz ◽  
Ana Cláudia Mello Groff ◽  
Nariléia Dos Santos Silva ◽  
José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Minimum Interval

A study was conducted to determine the epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The state was divided in seven regions, and in each of them, a pre-established number of farms was randomly sampled. In each farm, cows with age equal to or greater than 24 months were selected at random and submitted to the comparative cervical tuberculin test. The animals whose tests were inconclusive were retested with the same diagnostic procedure within a minimum interval of 60 days. In all, 9,895 animals from 1,067 farms were tested. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied in the farms in order to identify risk factors associated with bovine tuberculosis. The prevalence of infected herds in the state was 2.8% [1.8; 4.0] and that of infected animals was 0.7% [0.4; 1.0]. There was a trend towards a concentration of infected herds in the northern part of the state, with a predominance of dairy and mixed herds. The risk factors associated with the condition of infected herds were being a dairy herd (OR = 2.90 [1.40; 6.13]) and herds with 16 or more cows (OR = 2.61 [1.20; 5.49]). Thus, the best strategy to be adopted by the state is the implementation of surveillance systems to detect and remediate the infected herds, preferably incorporating elements of risk-based surveillance. In addition, the state must carry out a solid action of health education so that the producers test animals for bovine tuberculosis before introducing them in their herds.

scholarly journals Epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis after implementation of a vaccination program in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3519
Author(s):  
Nairléia Dos Santos Silva ◽  
Ana Cláudia Mello Groff ◽  
Ana Carla Martins Vidor ◽  
José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho ◽  
Marcos Bryan Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predetermined Number

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a bovine brucellosis vaccination program in Rio Grande do Sul, with prevalence as the indicator, and to identify risk factors for the disease. The state was divided into seven regions. For each region, a predetermined number of properties were randomly sampled, in which a pre-established number of randomly selected females aged over 24 months were tested. The serodiagnosis protocol consisted of a screening test using buffered acidified antigen, followed by a confirmatory test using 2-mercaptoethanol. An epidemiological questionnaire was utilized to identify possible risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the prevalence of infected herds was found to be 3.54% [2.49-4.88], and the prevalence of infected animals was 0.98% [0.57-1.57]. In assessments of specific regions, the infected herd prevalence ranged from 0.66% to 3.09%, and among the animals, from 0.06% to 2.03%. In herds comprising 15 or more cows, beef type and pasture sharing emerged as risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the state. The epidemiological status of bovine brucellosis in Rio Grande do Sul has remained unchanged since 2004, even though adequate vaccination coverage has been recorded since 2009. Thus, the state should continue its vaccination program, with emphasis on the quality of the process and on encouraging the use of non-antibody inducing vaccines. In addition, the state must make a greater effort to educate producers on the importance of testing for brucellosis in breeding animals before introducing them onto their properties, and on the importance of avoiding shared grazing among herds whose health conditions are unknown.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. infection in sheep from northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Consalter ◽  
Eraldo Lourenso Zanella ◽  
Gabriel Mendes de Souza Martins ◽  
Hugo Libonati de Araujo ◽  
Walter Lilenbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Reproductive Losses ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that is widely distributed in tropical countries. This infection is also associated with reproductive losses in livestock, which has a significant economic impact. The objective of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with leptospiral infection in commercial sheep flocks from the northwestern mesoregion of Rio Grande do Sul. Serum samples were analyzed in 319 sheep using the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). At the time of sampling, an individual and herd questionnaire was carried out to investigate the risk factors. On an individual level, positive reactions were observed in 5.6% (18/319) of the studied sera, with Sejroe being the most prevalent serogroup. Animals >3 years old were more likely to be seropositive than animals 1-3 years old (OR 14.4; 95% CI 1.9-110). The predominance of Sejroe serogroup in this manner draws attention to how subclinical infection is associated with economic losses. Therefore, the importance of maintaining measures for the prevention and control of leptospirosis among the sheep flocks of the studied region is reiterated.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Leptospira spp. and factors associated with the infection in horses from a military contingent in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e180884
Author(s):  
Mariane Pacheco Bastiani ◽  
Luciane Teresinha Lovato ◽  
Ana Eucares Von Laer ◽  
Luciana Pötter ◽  
Rogério Oliveira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Infection Risk Factors ◽  
Military Unit

The seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. and infection risk factors were investigated in horses from a military contingent in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A total of 446 horses were evaluated and categorized into 309 mares, 11 stallions, and 126 horses with an average age of three years. To determine seroprevalence, serum samples from all horses were submitted to the microscopic agglutination test against 12 serovars belonging to nine serogroups, usually circulating in equine populations. To investigate the possible risk factors of infection by Leptospira spp., questionnaires were applied in that military unit. The seroprevalence in the horses with an average age of 3 years, mares, and stallions were 57.94% (73/126), 54.05% (165/309), and 45.45% (5/11), respectively. The main risk factors identified were contact with different water sources, the presence of rodents, and contact with wild and domestic animals. The high seroprevalence of anti‑Leptospira spp. antibodies may be associated with the presence of these risk factors. Therefore, the exposure of horses to possible reservoirs of Leptospira spp. should be minimized. Also, the immunoprophylaxis protocol should be reviewed and a shorter interval between vaccinations adopted to control leptospirosis in this herd. 

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infection by Neospora caninum of dairy cattle in the state of Alagoas, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1009-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Sousa ◽  
J.N. Porto Wagnner ◽  
Pedro P.F. Albuquerque ◽  
Orestes L. Souza Neto ◽  
Eduardo B. Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Serological Investigation

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in cattle from milk producing farms of the microregion of Batalha, state of Alagoas, Brazil, as well as to identify the risk factors associated with the infection. Blood samples were collected from 1,004 cattle of 17 farms for the serological investigation regarding the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies by the Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction Technique (IMRT). From the total amount of samples analyzed, 77/1,004 (7.67%) were positive and 927/1,004 (92.33%) were negative. The logistical regression identified that cattle from farms without consortium breeding have an infection risk 6.33 (p<0.001; C.I. 2.89-13.10) times higher than cattle from farms with that type of breeding. Cattle from farms where the aborted fetuses are not adequately buried have an infection risk 3.04 (p<0.001; C.I. 1.64-5.63) times higher than cattle from farms with adequate destination of these fetuses. Infection by N. caninum occurs in cattle of the investigated region. The factors identified in our study can be used as risk indicators, so that control measures could be implemented to avoid infection by N. caninum in the herds of this region.

scholarly journals Multiple anthelmintic resistance in Southern Brazil sheep flocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Plínio Aguiar de Oliveira ◽  
Beatriz Riet-Correa ◽  
Pablo Estima-Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Barreto Coelho ◽  
Bianca Lemos dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Parasitic Resistance ◽  
The Common

Abstract Gastrointestinal parasites represent an important cause of reduced productivity of sheep worldwide. As anthelmintic are still the main control tool for these parasites, this work evaluated the efficacy of commercially available active principles in 22 sheep flocks in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In each farm 10 sheep were randomly distributed in seven groups with the following treatments: abamectin; albendazole; closantel; levamisole; monepantel; trichlorphon and no anthelmintic (control). All flocks showed resistance to at least three anthelmintics and in 20 farms only two products demonstrated efficacy for parasitic control. In two farms, there was no susceptibility to the six active principles tested. The results of this study provide evidence that the common commercially available anthelmintic are not assuring effective chemical control of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in ovine flocks in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul. Monepantel, the newest introduced drug in the Brazilian market was not effective in 18% of the flocks tested, confirming that the parasitic resistance can be established quickly after the introduction of new molecules mainly when alternative program of parasite control is not performed.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence among Nellore breed herds raised in the South Region of Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-883
Author(s):  
Jader Silva Lopes ◽  
Paulo Roberto Nogara Rorato ◽  
Tomás Weber ◽  
Ronyere Olegário de Araújo ◽  
Dionéia Magda Everling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The South ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Ward Method

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence among Nellore breed animals raised in 45 farms in the Southern Region of Brazil. The characteristic studied was weaning weight adjusted to 205 days of life (P205), from 10,874 animals sired by 425 bulls and 7,629 cows, collected between 1976 and 2001, and distributed in the states of Rio Grande do Sul (1,499), Santa Catarina (2,332) and Paraná (7,043). The animals were distributed by cluster analysis in eight genetic divergent groups, enabling this technique to be applied to organize the matings in order to obtain heterotic effect. The herd/farm groups were formed through the hierarchical Ward method, using the direct (VGD) and maternal (VGM) breeding values predicted by the REML method. The VGD of the animal accounted for 90% of the differences among herds, and the remaining 10% was attributed to differences in the VGM. On average, the P205 for the animals from inter-group mating was 1.4kg higher than those from intra-group mating, representing 2.4% of heterosis.

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