Segmentation of Social Media Users for Destinations

This is a study into the segmentation of social media users interested in traveling into groups and aims to ascertain if differences exist in benefits among segments. It is based on a survey that examines the benefits they see social media as having before, during, and after a trip to a destination, using their responses to generate a data-driven segmentation. Data from a total of 218 questionnaires were analyzed using factor and cluster analysis in sequence, specifically applying a hierarchical cluster analysis using the Ward method and a K-means algorithm. The analysis led to the identification of four useful types of social media user: info-seeker, communication-seeker, interaction-seeker, and hybrid segments, each of which seeks different things from social media and use it in different ways (e.g., to seek information, to see what other people have said about a destination, or to post their own experiences). As such, the implications of our findings offer useful insights for both scholars and destination marketers, highlighting the significance of offering appropriate marketing strategies for each type of segment.

Exploring the Genetic Variability for Yield Attributing Traits among the Indigenous and Exotic Collection of Wheat in Cis-Himalayan Region of West Bengal, India

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, during the 2018-19 rabi season to study the genetic components and genetic variability based on eleven number of quantitative traits in 254 bread wheat lines, which were collected from NBPGR, New Delhi. Analysis of variance for treatment showed high significance for all the traits except grain yield polt-1. Estimated GCV and PCV were high for awn length, peduncle length, plant height and AUDPC. Plant height (97.83), awn length (95.49), peduncle length (94.88), test weight (90.98), days to 50% flowering (87.66), number of grains spike-1 (70.33) and spike length (62.3) showed high heritability along with a high degree of genetic advance. Finally, 254 wheat accessions were grouped into three clusters based on the dendrogram analysis using the ward method.

PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CALCAREOUS SCREES FROM MERIDIONAL CARPATHIANS (ROMANIA)

The calcareous screes are very well represented in Meridional Carpathians, especially in Piatra Craiului Mountains. The paper analyzes the vegetation of these natural habitats from phytosociological point of view. There are 11 plant associations characteristic for calcareous screes in this region, as follows: Cerastio lerchenfeldiani-Papaveretum Boşcaiu, Täuber et Coldea 1977, Cardaminopsio neglectae-Papaveretum Coldea et Pânzaru 1986, Acino-Galietum anisophylli Beldie 1967, Doronico columnae-Rumicetum scutati Boşcaiu et al. 1977, Saxifragetum moschatae-aizoidis Boşcaiu 1971, Cerastio transsilvanici-Galietum lucidi M. Boșcaiu et al. 1998, Achnatheretum calamagrostis Br.- Bl. 1918, Gymnocarpietum robertianae (Kaiser 1926) Tx. 1937, Sedo fabariae-Geranietum macrorrhizi Boşcaiu et Täuber 1977, Thymetum comosi Pop et Hodişan 1963, Parietarietum officinalis Csűrös 1958. The plant associations were characterized and the Relative Euclidean distance was calculated on the basis of the Ward method. The hierarchical analysis revealed the distribution of the plant associations in two clusters corresponding to the Papavero-Thymion pulcherrimi I. Pop 1968 and Stipion calamagrostis Jenny-Lips ex Br.-Bl. 1950 alliances.

Research into the Disintegration of Abrasive Materials in the Abrasive Water Jet Machining Process

The size and distribution of abrasive particles have a significant influence on the effectiveness of the cutting process by the high-speed abrasive water jet (AWJ). This paper deals with the disintegration intensity of abrasive materials in AWJ cutting during the creation of the abrasive jet. An evaluation of the abrasive materials was performed after forming in the cutting head was carried out and grain distribution was evaluated using the geometric and logarithmic Folk and Ward method. The influence of the abrasive concentration of abrasive materials such as alluvial garnet, recycled garnet, corundum, and olivine on grain distribution was studied. A recovery analysis was also carried out and the recycling coefficient was determined for each abrasive material tested.

Pengelompokkan Provinsi di Indonesia Berdasarkan Faktor Penyebab Balita Stunting Menggunakan Analisis Cluster Hierarki

The stunting condition is characterized by the growth of childrens who are slow and fail to reach normal height. Some of the causes of stunting include household access to sanitation and drinking water sources, initiation of early breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, full immunization, household income, and household access to nutritious food. This study aims to classify provinces in Indonesia based on the causes of stunting. The source of the data used is secondary data from the Ministry of Health and BPS in 2017. Clustering was carried out using the ward method cluster analysis. The clustering results are four groups with different characteristics. The first group of 16 provinces was a group with a high stunting factor. The second group consisting of 8 provinces was a group with a moderate stunting factor. The third group consisting of 6 provinces is a group with a low stunting factor. The fourth group consisting of 4 provinces is a group with a very high stunting factor.

Research into the Disintegration of Abrasive Materials in the Abrasive Water Jet Machining Process

The size and distribution of abrasive particles have a significant influence on the effectiveness of the cutting process by the high-speed abrasive water jet (AWJ). The paper deal with the abrasive materials disintegration intensity in AWJ cutting during the creation of the abrasive jet. An evaluation of the abrasive materials grabbed after forming in the cutting head was carried out and its grain distribution was evaluated. Used here the arithmetic, geometric and logarithmic method of moments and Folk and Ward method. The influence of abrasive concentration of abrasive materials as alluvial garnet, recycled garnet, corundum, and olivine on grain distribution was studied. A recovery analysis was also carried out and the recycling coefficient for each tested abrasive material was determined.

Typology of Learning Contents in “Supplementary Textbook for Disaster Prevention Education” – What Are Teachers in the Areas Affected by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995, and the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, Striving to Teach Students in Junior High School? –

A supplementary textbook for disaster prevention education was analyzed for understanding the content educators wish to include in disaster prevention curriculums. The text was a condensed textbook – edited by schoolteachers and boards of education in the local governments – from wide areas with a population of one million who were severely affected by the damage and deaths caused by the Great Hanshin-Awaji and the Great East Japan Earthquakes. The targets for analysis were supplementary textbooks for students in junior high schools, published by the five boards of education in Miyagi, Sendai, Iwate, Hyogo, and Kobe. 147 subjects of five supplementary textbooks for disaster prevention education were evaluated as to their applicability to 46 evaluation items. The average of the evaluation items was 11.59 (SD = 2.92). Numerous “Records” (111 subjects, 75.5%) and “Images” (109 subjects, 74.1%), resulted from each evaluation. A remarkable majority of disaster types included “Earthquake disasters” (108 subjects, 73.5%) and “Tsunami disasters” (85 subjects, 57.8%). “Related Fields,” “Social studies” (30 subjects, 20.4%), and “Science” (29 subjects, 19.7%) were the most common subjects. In “Related Fields,” “Special activities” included the highest subjects (59 subjects, 40.1%), after “Ethics,” which included 56 subjects (38.1%). “Writer and persons involved” and “Student who writes compositions and is involved as a learner” included 72 subjects (49.0%). Subsequently, there were “Local residents,” (52 subjects, 35.4%), “Researchers and experts” (36 subjects, 24.5%), and “Unaffected persons” (35 subjects, 23.8%), which included volunteers. Regarding “Type of disaster prevention education,” learning activities for “Prepare for disasters” included the most subjects at 92 (62.6%). Subsequently, learning activities to “Enrich the mind (love for family and community, compassion, the importance of life,)” by raising students’ included 60 subjects (40.8%). Regarding “Qualities and abilities expected to be acquired,” “Knowledge” showed the highest 91 subjects (61.9%). Next was “Self-awareness” (64 subjects, 43.5%), “Social participation/community contribution” (48 subjects, 32.7%), and “Kindness to disaster-affected people” (47 subjects, 32.0%). Moreover, cluster analysis (ward method) was performed using a data set of the subject evaluation of the supplementary textbooks. The analysis with subjects presented six types: “Life-saving measures,” “Fortifying town,” “Measures required for disaster survival,” “Awareness of joining local community,” “Disaster comradery,” and “Living with family and community.” All the five supplementary textbooks featured those six types. More than half of the subjects were featured content regarding student emotions. The first three types were combined and understood as “Countermeasures” with “Knowledge.” In addition, the latter three types were combined and understood as subjects to teach the “Will to live together,” with a relation such as that of ethics and emotional learning. When the same data set was subjected to cluster analysis (ward method) using the evaluation items, four types were obtained: “Knowledge to prepare for earthquake and tsunami disasters,” “Solidarity with family and residents,” “Emergency Response Judgement,” and “Knowledge and skills useful at disaster time.” The types correspond to the classification of the conceptual model of disaster prevention education conducted by Sato et al. [1]. Additionally, all types have corresponding qualities and abilities. The results led teachers to believe that disaster prevention education should be implemented, not simply as life-saving education, but also as instructions that promote the emotional growth of children while cultivating humanity.

Consumer Segment Based on Food Quality Dimension

The consumer has a different point of view when they decide to buy food. It depends on their desire for food quality. The actors in the supply chain may adjust their business to provide the quality that meets consumer demand. This study determines consumer segments based on quality, namely search, experience, and credence characteristics. Homogenous groups identify using k-means cluster analysis. Ward method used to decide the most exact number of clusters. The analysis based on consumer perceives on fresh food quality conducts on 238 respondents. The cluster analysis shows that there are four different groups. The first group consists of consumers who have a serious concern about new product quality. Also, there is a group which only emphasizes experience characteristics. In contrast, the second and fourth groups do not pay attention to quality. The research result represents a new insight into consumer segmentation through a study focus on quality characteristics. The result is to understand and improve marketing and supply chain development.

A Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Health Situation in Poland Based on Functional Discriminant Coordinates

The aim of this study was to investigate if the provinces of Poland are homogeneous in terms of the observed spatio-temporal data characterizing the health situation of their inhabitants. The health situation is understood as a set of selected factors influencing inhabitants’ health and the healthcare system in their area of residence. So far, studies concerning the health situation of selected territorial units have been based on data relating to a specific year rather than longer periods. The task of assessing province homogeneity was carried out in two stages. In stage one, the original spatio-temporal data space (space of multivariate time series) was transformed into a functional discriminant coordinates space. The resulting functional discriminant coordinates are synthetic measures of the health situation of inhabitants of particular provinces. These measures contain complete information regarding 8 diagnostic variables examined over a period of 6 years. In the second stage, the Ward method, commonly used in cluster analysis, was applied in order to identify groups of homogeneous provinces in the space of functional discriminant coordinates. Sixteen provinces were divided into four clusters. The homogeneity of the clusters was confirmed by the multivariate functional coefficient of variation.

Application of the Pixel Velocity Clustering Model in the Tasks of Preprocessing images of Earth Remote Sensing

Purpose of research is to apply the modified Ward method in high-speed processing of full-size images of Earth remote sensing.Methods. The classical Ward method is modified by dividing the computational process into three successive stages. At the first stage, a rough hierarchy of approximations is built. At the second stage, an intermediate improvement of the quality of the given partition is performed for a fixed number of colours. At the third stage, the obtained superpixels are clustered using the classical Ward method. The software-algorithmic toolkit consists of four operations on pixel clusters and image segments: merging a pair of clusters into one, dividing a cluster into two original ones, singling out a subset of pixels into a separate cluster and reclassifying some pixels by excluding them from one cluster and assigning them to another. The quality is assessed by the total squared error. Improving the image decomposition quality is ensured by iterative execution of a combination of merging and deviding pixel clusters, image segments, in particular. One of the clusters (segments) is devided in two and a couple of others non-coincident with it are combined into one according to the criterion of minimum increment of the total squared error.Results. The proposed modified Ward method is applied in the processing of full-size images of Earth remote sensing taken from the database of the USC Signal and Image Processing Institute. The results of processing in the modes of pure segmentation and clustering are compared.Conclusion. The proposed pixel clustering model is suitable for high-speed processing of full-size images. Pixel clustering in comparison with image segmentation makes it possible to define in more detail both the contours of objects of interest and their internal structure.